A.P.RESIDENTAL DEGREE COLLEGE NAGARJUNA SAGAR

A.P.RESIDENTAL DEGREE COLLEGE NAGARJUNA SAGAR. NAME: R.VENKATESWARLU NAIK GROUP: BSC MPC ROLL NO : Y203052024.

DIELECTRICS. Dielectric Material and it’s Applications Dielectric Polarization in Polar Molecule Dielectric Polarization in Non-Polar Molecule Dielectric Constant Calculate Dipole Polarization.

Dielectric Material. A dielectric material or medium is an insulator kind that becomes polarised when it comes in constant with an electric field. Through a dielectric material is a poor conductor of electricity, it can support an electric field. Such kinds of material are widely used in components like radios and capacitors.

Some types of dielectric material are solid, some are fluids, and some are gases in nature. Some of the examples of dielectric materials include: Solid dielectric material – Plastics, Ceramic, Mica, and Glass Dielectric Liquid – Water Dielectric Gas – Dry air.

APPLICATION OF DIELECTRIC MEDIUM. The dielectric material contains a high number of dipoles. Thus, when subjected to an external electric field, the positive end of one dipole gets induced towards the negative of another dipole. It forms a chain of alternate charge polarities through out the dielectric material. Such kind of alignment leads to the formation of an electric field. Hence, among the different uses of dielectric materials, it’s main use is in the manufacturing of capacitors..

The above diagram shows the dielectric material. It shows when an external electrostatic field is applied, the dielectric medium gets polarised – additionally, dielectric stores electric charge when an electric field is introduced. Moreover, by introducing a dielectric medium between the capacitor plates, the capacity of the capacitor can be improved. Another best application of dielectric material is it’s use to store energy..

DIELECTRIC POLARIZATION IN POLAR MOLECULE. Polar molecule have permanent dipoles due to the bonds. Some of the examples of polar molecules are CO 2 ,H 2 O, and more. However, the dipoles in a polar molecule are randomly oriented due to a thermal effect. That’s why the dipole moment of the polar molecules cancels out and hence, there is a zero- dipole moment. On the application of the electric field, the individual dipole moments align themselves in the electric field direction. According to the properties of dielectric materials, nature, bonds, and orientation remain constant inside the polar molecule. The extent to which the polar molecule gets polarized is directly related to the thermal energy and strength of the external field..

DIELECTRIC POLARISATION IN NON-POLAR MOLECULE. A molecule without a dipole refers to a non-polar molecule. N 2, O 2, H 2 are a few example of non-polar molecule. The charges are equally distributed in these types if molecules. On applying the electric field, the positive and negative charges having opposite polarities experience a force in the opposite direction. As a result, the electron cloud of a nonpolar molecule gets displaced towards attraction that causes an induced dipole moment. After acknowledging what is dielectric, students can understand why non-polar molecules lose polarity after the removal of the electric field..

The below diagram shows a nonpolar molecule unpolarised and polarised . The non-polar molecule gets polarized when an external electric field is applied to it. It results in distortion of electrons at point of attraction..

DIELECTRIC CONSTANT. Non conducting substances, which can hold an electrostatic charge while dissipating minimal heat energy, refer to dielectric materials. There are several examples of dielectric material, including air, plastics,glass , more. Different types of dielectrics possess different values for dielectric constant, dipole moment, and polarization. Look at the concepts of polarization..

CALCULATE DIPOLE POLARIZATION. The application of the dielectric constant is due to the introduction of the electric field across the material irrespective of whether a dielectric is polar or nonpolar. The polarization referred to the dipole moment of a material per unit volume and is denoted by: P= X e E Where X e denotes the dielectric material property, also known as electric susceptibility of the dielectric medium.

E represents the applied electric field P represents the polarization Apart from the dielectric medium, another crucial parameter polarization is the dielectric constant of dielectric material is the ratio of the permittivity of the medium to permittivity of the free space..