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BIO BASE Created by:  petroula  Karayiannis

The Role of  Thermoregulation in the Homeostatic System

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Our bodies way of keeping us at a relatively stable equilibrium. It is also know as the dynamic equilibrium  This  done  to regulate our internal environment and keep us functioning properly even if conditions are not ideal

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Stimulus   Evokes a specific reaction because of a detectable change in the internal or external environment. Sensor Cells sense the change  Integrators The hypothalamus recognizes what is occurring and sends messages the effector organs  Effector The muscles and organs   Response How your body reacts

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Negative feedback Responses that reduce a stimulus  Ex,  sweating in order to cool down the body

Positive feedback  A response that increases the stimulus  Ex, a females body releasing oxytocin during  labour

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What is thermoregulation  Why is it  important The  4 different types  How different organisms  thermoregulate

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Allows us the ability to maintain our internal body temperature This is done using  thermoreceptors  Sense temperature  React in order to keep the body at homeostasis The mainly occurs at the surfaces

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So our bodies can stay at a temperature that is beneficial for internal  processes  to occur Keeps enzymes from denaturation  Thermoregulation keeps our bodies form entering dangerous  states   such as hypothermia

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Conduction Energy flow between molecules on direct contact Convection   energy transfer through air or water molecules  Radiation  Energy transfer from electromagnetic radiation Evaporation  In the form of sweat

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They do not have the physiological ability to control their temperature   This is known as  ectothermy Rely on their surroundings to regulate temperature  These organisms often require less food  Low activity levels if the environment is not their ideal temperature

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These organisms  thermoregulate  through internal mechanism   Feedback  reactions include vasoconstriction/dilatation and shivers It is a  behavioural  response    This  known as  endothermy 80% of food energy to maintain temperature

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Stimulus   Sensor Integrator Effector Response

in hypothalamus control centre detects
charge and activates cooling rnechanisrns
high
skin blcod vessels dilate; blcod
carries heat to the skin surface
sweat glands activated.
increasing evap•rative
HOMEOSTASIS
temperature
begin here
STIMULUS: increased body
temperature (e.g. when
exercisirg or in hot
surroundings)
body temperature increases:
hypothalamus shuts off
warming mochanisms
Ecdy temperature
decreases: hypothalamus
shuts off onling
or begin here
STIMULUS: decreased
body (e.g.
due to cold surroundings)
hypothalarnus
detects change and activates
warming mechanisms
skin blood veæels constrict,
keeps control centre warm and
reduces reat frorn skin
skeletal musclæ
activated; shivering
generates heat

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The pituitary glands role in regulating our bodies processes

The Role of Thermoregulation in the Homeostatic System

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