The Musculoskeletal System

[Audio] The Musculoskeletal System By Chris Raymond.

[Audio] The musculoskeletal system The Musculoskeletal system is truly a sight to behold. It is composed of all sorts of interesting bits and bobs, each with their own very important role to play in the body. It is responsible for every bit of movement in your body including blinking, smiling or frowning, walking or running and so much more! The musculoskeletal system consists of the muscular system and the skeletal system working together. Let's dive into this and learn about how they work.

[Audio] Functioning of the Musculoskeletal System The musculoskeletal system works together harmoniously, with bones providing support, muscles generating movement, joints allowing flexibility, and connective tissues ensuring stability and coordination..

[Audio] Bones Bones are the structural framework of the body, providing support, protection, and anchorage for muscles. They also contain bone marrow, which produces blood cells..

[Audio] Muscles Muscles are responsible for all sorts of movement. Muscles, attached to bones by tendons, contract and relax to allow for body motion..

[Audio] There are 2 types of muscle: Voluntary or involuntary Voluntary muscle tissue is muscle tissue that can be controlled at will such as moving your arms or legs. Involuntary muscle tissue is tissue that moves without us noticing such as the stomach and intestines churning food and pushing through the digestive system and the heart pumping blood around the body..

[Audio] Joints Joints are where two or more bones meet. They allow for movement and provide flexibility. Different types of joints include hinge joints (like the knee) and ball-and-socket joints (like the hip)..

[Audio] 6 major joints in the body There a 6 very important joints in the body that ensure proper movement in the body. Lets look into this now.

[Audio] Ball and socket joints An example of this is the hip joint where the rounded head of the femur bone fits into the acetabulum of the pelvic bone and provides a wide range of motion. The hip joint is essential for a wide range of rotation for activities such as gymnastics, basketball, martial arts and more lateral movements in sports..

[Audio] Saddle joints Saddle joints also known as a "sellar joint" allows for many types of movements in many directions. The saddle joints includes one concave bone shaped like a saddle and another convex bone sitting on top of it, almost shaped like a cowboy sitting on a horse's saddle. An example of this the carpometacarpal joint at the base of the thumb. This joint is critical for activities requiring strong and precise grip such as being a pitcher or batter in baseball or a golfer where a strong thumb is essential for control of the club.

[Audio] Pivot joints A pivot joint is where one bone swivels around a ring formed by another bone. An example of this is the pivot joint in the neck formed by the atlas and axis, allowing the head to rotate at least 90 degrees clockwise and anticlockwise. It is essential for sports requiring fast and articulated head movements and agility such as boxing where swift head movements are crucial.

[Audio] Condyloid joints Condyloid joints can be defined as the connection between the shallow cavity of one bone and the rounded, almost balllike structure of another bone. Like saddle joints, condyloid joints allow movement with two levels of freedom. Those two being flexing, extension as well as some side-to-side movements. An example of this is the joint in the wrist. This joint is important for sports such as catching a ball in basketball or holding onto/gripping equipment like a golf club or tennis racket.

[Audio] Gliding joint Gliding joints are composed of two smooth surfaces that slide past each other to produce movement. An example of this is the ankle or wrist joint, formed by multiple small bones. This is important for sports as it allows for swift and versatile movements in activities such rock climbing and gymnastics where feet and hand motions are needed..

[Audio] Last but not least. The hinge joint. Hinge joints have a function similar to that of a hinge on a door, allowing bones to move back and forth, with limited movement along other directions, however. An example of this is the hinge joint between the elbow composed of the Ulna, Humerus, Trochlea and Trochlear notch. It is needed for activities like soccer and basketball where kicking, jumping and running is involved. It is also needed for activities such as weight lifting as the knee joint provides stability and supports weight..

[Audio] Tendons Tendons are tough connective tissues that attach muscles to bones. They transmit the force generated by muscles, allowing bones to move. Tendons are crucial for the functioning of the musculoskeletal system..

[Audio] Ligaments Ligaments are strong bands of connective tissue that connect bones to other bones, providing stability to joints. They help prevent excessive movement and support the overall structure of the musculoskeletal system..

[Audio] Cartilage Cartilage is a flexible and durable tissue that covers the ends of bones at joints. It acts as a cushion, reducing friction and allowing smooth joint movement. Cartilage is essential for joint health..

[Audio] The musculoskeletal system also contains two types of muscle fibers. fast twitch and slow twitch muscles..

[Audio] Fast twitch muscle fibers react instantly when triggered but are quicker to use up all their energy and tire out..

[Audio] Slow twitch fibers, however, are more durable cells compared to fast twitch. They react and use energy slowly, so they work for longer periods of time..

[Audio] However, this beautiful system is in constant danger of being affected by musculoskeletal disorders or MSD's. MSD's develop overtime, especially when the system is overworked. They can occur in most joints, tendons, nerves and muscles in the body..

[Audio] MSD's also happen when the affected area experience trauma, perhaps form a bad incident earlier in the affected area. The ever-increasing and physically demanding work from jobs can put a lot of strain on the body, exposing it to especially high risks for tendonitis, arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger and much more. Most symptoms consist of pains such as burning, aching, stiffness, redness and limited movement of the affected area..

[Audio] We're going to look into 3 common musculoskeletal disorders and how they take a toll on the body. Especially Athletes.

[Audio] The first being: Tendonitis. The first being: Tendonitis.

[Audio] Tendonitis is the inflammation of the thick fibrous strings that attach the muscle to bone. The condition causes pain, swelling and loss of mobility. It can occur in any tendon but is usually present on tendons that have been used the most reptitvely such as around the shoulders, elbows, wrists, knees and heels.

[Audio] Effective treatment In order to treat this, one must put a cold substance, usually an ice pack or a bag of frozen peas, near the affected area for 20 minutes every few hours. An elastic bandage can also be wrapped around the area and the person must get rest to avoid the affected area becoming worse. However, this may be a big hinderance towards an athlete's performance, especially if they have an important game to attend or have to train for one in the upcoming days..

[Audio] Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a health condition where the bones weaken overtime, making them more likely to break or fracture. Common injuries usually happen at the wrist, hip or spinal bones. But it can happen in other places too. Sometimes, even a cough or sneeze can cause a broken rib or one of the bones of the spine..

[Audio] Effective treatment. Although bones weakening is a normal part of ageing, some people can lose bone much faster than others, leading to osteoporosis and a risk of broken bones. For example, scientists have found out that a common form of primary form of osteoporosis in children is 'osteogenesis imperfecta' which consists of a group of disorders characterised by abnormalities in type 1 collagen synthesis. To treat this one must take medicine to strengthen bones and prioritize taking vitamin d supplements and consuming products rich in calcium to help strengthen the bones. Regular exercise also helps keep the bones as strong as possible.

[Audio] Lastly, sarcopenia Sarcopenia is a condition similar to Osteoporosis where instead of the bone being weakened. The muscle mass gradually decreases overtime, leaving a person susceptible to limited function of the body. making it much more difficult for the person to perform daily tasks and chores. The decreased strength, limited independence and impact from the muscle loss sarcopenia has on an individual may also reduce their quality of life overall..

[Audio] Effective treatment To combat this condition. Engaging in regular exercises is needed. Training such a lifting and bodyweight exercises can keep the muscle as healthy and sturdy as possible. Consuming foods rich in protein also essential for supporting muscle health. Protein supplements are also recommended. Overall, a well-balanced diet with the sufficient calories and nutrients is important. Focusing on healthy protein-rich foods along with the correct intake of vitamins and minerals can ensure proper muscle health..

[Audio] And with that. Thank you for watching this informative video on the key features of the musculoskeletal system, how they work, musculoskeletal disorders and their effective treatments!.