Book Cover Sinhala.cdr

. . . . . . Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK.

. . >copcoc2 ccoO É 20990. w;s.re ckdêm;s;=udf.a m‚jqvh Y%S ,xld m%cd;ka;%jd§ iudcjd§ ckrch.

. . >copcoco ccoO É 200. .re w.ue;s;=udf.a m‚jqvh Y%S ,xld m%cd;ka;%jd§ iudcjd§ ckrch.

. . accoö ocOc coco coa cc ccsgcc 200. .re wud;H;=ñhf.a m‚jqvh ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= iy úh<s l,dm ixj¾Ok wud;H.

. . . fmrjok. <uqka i|yd úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;s ilia lsßfï§ ta i|yd mdol lr .ekSug Wmfoia ud,djla tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska 2010 jif¾§ ksl=;a lr we;' tfiau furg <uqkag úl,am /ljrKh iemhSug úúO wKmk;a hgf;a m%;smdok i,id we;'.

. . éQ6ß. ia;+;sh. 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh iuÕ mßjdi yd <udrlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j uq¿ukskau úuOH.; úIhla njg m;aúh' ta wkqj mßjdi yd <udrlaIl úIh m:hg jefgk fiajd iemhSfï ld¾hNdrh m<d;a mßjdi yd <udrlaIl fiajd flduidßiajreka hgf;a l%shd;aul fõ' tfiau tlS úuOH.; jQ mßjdi yd <udrlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;= úIh uq,a lrf.k m<d;a iNd w;r iïnkaëlrKh we;s lsÍu" <uqkag wod< úIh lafIa;%fha kS;sÍ;s ixfYdaOkh yd m%;sm;a;s ilia lsÍu" m<d;a iNd i|yd ;dlaI‚l iydh ,nd§u" ks,OdÍka mqyqKq lsÍu yd há;, myiqlï ixj¾Okhg wjYH iydh ,nd§u jeks lghq;= uOHu rcfha ld¾hh Ndrh njg m;aúh'.

. . tfia ,nd .kakd woyia yd fhdackdj,g wkqj flgqïm; kej; ixialrKh lrk ,§' wjidkfha§ md¾,sfïka;= ldka;d yd ia;%S mqreI iudcNdjh ms<sn| wdxYsl wëlaIK lñgqj u.ska fuu flgqïm; j,x.=Ndjhg m;a lrk ,§' wk;=rej wud;H uKav,h u.ska 2019'03'06 Èk fuu m%;sm;a;sh i|yd wkque;sh ,nd fok ,§' bÈßfha§ fuu m%;sm;a;sh uq,a lrf.k l%shdldÍ ie,eiaula ilia fldg th l%shd;aul lsÍug wfmalaIs;h'.

. xi mgqk mQ¾úldj ye¢kaùu 1'1 úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sfhys úIhm:h 1'2 úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh ilia lsÍfï l%shdj,sh 2'1 wjYH;d uQ,O¾uh 2'2 fhda.H;d uQ,O¾uh 2'3 yrhka yd uQ,O¾u oelau yd b,lal 3'1 oelau 3'2 b,lal úl,am /ljrKh wjYH jk orejka f.a ;;a;ajh úúO úl,am /ljrK l%u 5'1 úl,am /ljrKh w¾: oelaùu 5'2 úêu;a úl,am /ljrKhka yd mjq,a wdY%s; iyhhka 5'3 mjq,a mdol /ljrK 5'4 mjq,la jeks /ljrK 5'5 wfkl=;a fiajdjka iy hdka;%Khka weuqKqï - 1 weuqKqï - 2 weuqKqï - 3 1 jk fldgi úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;shg mokï jQ yrhka iy uQ,O¾u 2 jk fldgi 3 jk fldgi 4 jk fldgi Wmdhud¾.hka yd m%;sm;a;s ueÈy;alrKhka 6'1 wdh;k.;ùu je,elaùu 6'2 oajdr md,kh 6'3 úl,am /ljrK moaO;sh ;=, isák orejka 6'4 ks;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ orejka yd kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejka 6'5 orejka mjq,a ixia:dj iu. h,s tla lsÍu yd iudc.; lsÍu 6'6 kS;s m%;sixialrKhka" m%;sm;a;s ud¾f.damfoaYhka iy wju m%ñ;Ska 5 jk fldgi 6 jk fldgi Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh 7 jk fldgi wdh;ksl rduqj" wëlaIK yd iudf,dapkh l%ufõoh mdßNdYsl jpk weuqKqï 1 2 3 4 4 4 4 - 5 6 6 6 7 - 9 11 11 11 11 12 12 - 13 14 14 15 15 - 17 17 - 19 19 - 20 20 - 21 23 24 25 - 26 26 - 28 28 - 29.

. mQ¾úldj Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh u.ska orejka i|yd idOkSh jQ úl,am /ljrK úi÷ï .Kkdjla bÈßm;a lrk w;r u" wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wysñ jQ fyda tfia wysñ ùfï wjodkula iys; orejkayg ksjfia § fyda ksjiska msg; § /ljrKh ,nd §fï fiajd imhk ish¨ úêu;a jHQyhka m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu o Èß.kajkq ,nhs' fuu úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh u.ska nd,l hqla;sh mi|,Sfï l%ufõoh hgf;a isákakd jQ orejka o wduka;%Kh flf¾' tfukau" mjq,a ixia:dfjka fjka ùfï wjodkula we;s orejkayg fuka u <ud wmpdr" fkdi,ld yeÍu" <ud Y%ñl;ajh" oßø;djh" u;aøjH weíneysh" isr.; ùu" ñksia cdjdru" YdÍßl iy udkisl wdndO" taâia frda.hg f.dÿre ùu" .Dyia: ysxikh" wkd:nj" w;ayer hdu iy wj;eka ùu jeks úúO wysñùïj,g uqyqK md isák orejka fjkqfjka jevigyka ilia lsÍu i|yd m%;sm;a;suh úi÷ï o fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh f.k yer olajhs' ùÈ.;j Ôj;aùug fyda fiajh lsÍug n,y;aldrfhka fhdojd we;s orejka o fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh u.ska ie,ls,a,g .kq ,nk w;r Tjqka iïnkaO úêúOdk o bÈßm;a lrkq ,nhs' fuu f,aLkfhys úl,am /ljrKh w¾: olajd we;af;a orejl= yg Tyq fyda weh f.a udmsh fijkska msg; § imhk ´kEu /ljrKhla jYfhka jk w;r th ;jÿrg;a" {d;s /ljrKh" fmdaIl /ljrKh fyda l=,joaod .ekSu wh;a jkakd jQ —mjq,a mdol /ljrK˜ jYfhka iy wdrlaIs; ksjdi" yÈis wjia:d /|jqï mshis" úfõl i;aldr" lKavdhï ksjdi yd iafõÉPd ksjdi jeks mjq,a mßirhg iudk fkajdisl /ljrKhka wh;a jk —mjq,la jeks /ljrK˜ jYfhka j¾. flf¾' Y%S ,xldfjys" —mjq,la jeks /ljrK˜ imhk /ljrK uOHia:dkhka lsysmhla we;s uq;a" wjYH úgl orejl= ;djld,sl j kj;d ;eîu i|yd fndfyduhla uOHia:dkhka orejka f.a hymeje;aug ys;lr yd fhda.H ia:dk njg m;a lsÍug;a mjq,la ;=, jQ ;;a;ajhka we;s lsÍug;a m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu wjYH fõ' th is;ayS r|jd .ksñka" orejka r|jd .kakd ld, iSud oeä j ksYaÑ; lsÍu ;=,ska orejka ;u mjq, iuÕ h<s tla lsÍu fyda mjq,a mdol /ljrKhla fj; udre lsÍu wfmalaId lrk w;r u" mj;sk /ljrK uOHia:dkhkayS orejka ixLHdj wvq lsÍu yd <ud ñ;=re mßirhla we;s lsÍu Tiafia úl,am /ljrK imhk wdh;k m%;sjHQy.; lr l%udKql+, wdh;kyrKhlg fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh iyh fjhs' fuu úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh my; oelafjk m%;sm;a;s m%ldYk yfhka iy ta tl tlla i|yd jQ idOkSh m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùïj,ska iukaú; fjhs' 1' wdh;k.; ùu je,elaùu 2' oajdr md,kh 3' úl,am /ljrK moaO;sh ;=, isák orejka 4' ks;sh iu. iïnkaê; orejka yd kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejka 5' orejka mjq,a ixia:dj iu. h,s tla lsÍu yd iudc.; lsÍu 6' kS;s m%;sixialrKhka" m%;sm;a;s ud¾f.damfoaY iy wju m%ñ;Ska Y%S ,xldfjys wd¾Ól" idudÔh yd ixialD;sl ;;a;ajhka ie,ls,a,g .ksñka mjq,a mßirh wysñ jQ fyda wysñ ùfï wjodkula iys; orejka fjkqfjka lghq;= i,ikakd jQ rch" fiajd imhk rdcH wdh;k" yjq,alrejka" mqoa.,sl wxYfha fiajd imhkakka iy wfkl=;a ish¨ u md¾Yjlrejkayg" ;u j.lSï l%shdjg kexùu i|yd i|yd u.fmkaùu ,nd §u fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sfhys wruqK fjhs' x Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. . .

. ye¢kaùu Y%S ,xld m%cd;dka;%sl iudcjd§ ckrch jQl,S mjq,a idrO¾u iy wd.ñl iïm%odhka ;Èka uq,a nei.;a Èjhskls' bkaÈhdjg ol=Kq foiska msysgd we;s fuu Èjhsfkys 2012 jir jk úg ck.ykh 20"359"439 jQ w;r bka 74'9]la isxy, cd;slhska o" 11'2] la ,dxlsl oñ< cd;slhska o" 9'3] la uqia,sï cd;slhska o" 4'1] la bka§h oñ< cd;slhska o 0'5] la fjk;a cd;slhska o jQy' ksfhdackh flfrk m%Odk wd.ï jkafka nqoaOd.u ^70'1]&" yskaÿ wd.u ^12'6]&" bia,dï wd.u ^9'7]& iy 1 l%sia;shdks wd.uhs ^7'6]& ' 2012 jif¾ § tys <ud 2 ck.ykh 6"060"000 úh ' jir 2"500 la Tíng Èfjk b;sydih mqrd mjq,a ixia:dj u; ne÷Kq idrO¾u iy mßphka iïnkaOfhka Y%S ,dxlslhska lS¾;shla Wiq,hs' iïm%odhslj" Y%S ,xldfõ orejka we;s oeä lsÍu ;ksj isÿl, ld¾;jHhla fkdjQ w;r .eìks ujg iyh ùu fuka u w¨; Wmka ì,s|d we;s oeä lr .ekSu mjqf,a idudðlhska" ys;ñ;=rka yd wi,ajeishka hk msßia tl;= ù isÿ l, m%cd lghq;a;la úh' flfia fj;;a Y%S ,xldfõ mj;sk fuu iudc iyh ,nd §u j¾;udkfha mj;sk wd¾Ól iy idudchsl fjkia ùï yuqfõ ySk fjñka mj;skq olakg ,efnk w;r th orejka we;s oeä lr .ekSfï l¾;jHh i|yd iudch u; ;enQ úYajdih l%ufhka wvq ù hdug fya;= fjhs' tfukau" kd.ßllrKh" oßø;djh" hqoaOfha n,mEu" iudc .;slhka fjkia ùu jeks lreKq rdYshla fya;= fldg f.k idïm%odhslj wm w;r ;snQ iudc yeÕSu leã ì£ f.dia we;s w;r orejka /l n,d .ekSu mejÍu i|yd" ;udf.a u wi,ajeishka fkdy÷k ;;a;ajhla Wod ù we;' orejka ;u ksjfiys iqmqreÿ jgmsgdj ;=, we;s oeä lsÍfï jeo.;alu fndfyda Y%S ,dxlslhska w.h l, o" ;u ksjiska orejka wE;a lr ;eîug isÿ jkakd jQ lreKq .Kkdjla fjhs' uE;ld,Sk o;a;hkag wkqj" wdh;k.; orejka f.ka 31] lf.a udmshka fofokdu o 50] l f.a udmshka fofokd f.ka tla wfhla o Ôj;a j isák w;r foudmshka fofokdu wysñ wkd: orejka isákqfha 18] la mu‚' fndfyduhla orejka /ljrK wdh;khkag we;=,a lsÍu wd¾Ól ÿIalr;d" wOHdmkh ,nd §ug fkdyels ùu" wdndO ;;a;ahjka" .Dyia: m%pkav;ajh" YdÍßl fyda udkisl frda.S ;;a;ajhka" fojk jrg újdyùu iy /lshd i|yd úfoaY.; ùu jeks fya;= lrk fldg f.k isÿ fõ' o;a;hkag wkqj" wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh ,nd §fï wjYH;djh fyda úfYdaOk fiajd iemhSfï wjYH;djh Widú ksfhda. yryd ks¾foaY lsÍu u; wdh;khk.; lr we;af;a 3 wdh;k.; l< orejka f.ka 15] la muKls ' wdh;k.; l, orejkag wu;rj wjodkï iy.; ;;a;ajfha miqjk jd¾;d fkd jQ orejka o fj;s' Wod' ùÈ orejka mßmQ¾K úl,am /ljrK fiajdjkayS ysÕlu fya;=fjka fndfyduhla orejka §¾> ld,hla r|jd ;eîu i|yd úYd, /ljrK uOHia:dkhkag we;=,;a lr we;' f.da,Sh yd cd;sl idlaIs fmkajd fokq ,nkafka tla tla orejd fj; fjk fjk u wjOdkh fkdue;s úg yd /ljrK i,ikafkl=f.a wLKav úYajdikSh iïnkaO;djhla fkdue;s úg" orejka iudc úfrdaë yeisÍï fmkaùu yd in|;d f.dv k.d .ekSfï .eg¨ jeks wNsfhda. /ila iu. j¾Okh ùug fndfyda fihska bvlv we;s njhs' mjq,a mdol /ljrKhka u.ska orejl=yg YdÍßl" Ñ;a;fõ. yd idudÔh iyh ie,iSu iu. u Tyqf.a$wehf.a mQ¾K úNjh olajd j¾Okh ùu i|yd wjYH —;ud o mjqf,a fldgilah˜ hk yeÕSu o we;s lrjhs' wjodkï iy.; orejka fjkqfjka jQ kS;s" m%;sm;a;s iy mßmd,k fr.=,dis Y%S ,xldfõ fj;a' orejka f.a whs;sjdislï m%j¾Okh lsÍu;a" orejka f.a wdrlaIdj m%Odk m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùula lsÍu;a rch Ndr f.k we;' Y%S ,xldfõ jHjia:dj u.ska o orejka f.a iqNidOkh yd hymeje;au fjkqfjka úêúOdk i,id ;sfí' ;jo" tlai;a cd;Ska f.a <ud whs;sjdislï m%{ma;sh" wdndO iys; mqoa.,hska f.a whs;sjdislï ms,sn| m%{ma;sh jeks cd;Hka;r .súiqï .Kkdjl md¾Yj rdcHhla jYfhka Y%S ,xldj cd;Hka;r ne£ïj,g o t<U we;' fuu ikaO¾Nh ;=," wjodkï iy.; orejkaf.a whs;sjdislï wdrlaId lsÍug;a" kS;s" fr.=,dis iy fiajd rduqj, mj;sk ysoeia wduka;%Kh lsÍug;a" tlai;a cd;Ska f.a úl,am /ljrKh ms,sn| ud¾f.damfoaYhkag wkql+, j rch úiska fuu úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh ilia lrk ,È' 1 jk fldgi 1 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. fuu m%;sm;a;s f,aLkh" orejka wdh;k.; ùu je,elaùu i|yd;a" wdh;k.; j /ljrKh ,nk orejka ;u mjq, iy iudch iuÕ h,s tla lsÍu i|yd;a m%Odk m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùï bÈßm;a lrkq ,nhs' tfuka u orejka wkjYH f,i mjqf,ka fjkaùu j,ld,ñka" orejka wdh;k.; lsÍfï wjodkï ;;a;ajhla we;s mjq,a Yla;su;a lsÍfï uQ,sl m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùï o fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh f.k yer olajhs( orejka wdh;k.; lsÍu i,lkq ,nkafka wjidk úl,amhla jYfhks' wdh;k.; j isák orejka f.a mjq,a wjodkï iy.; ;;a;ajfhka ñ§ we;s nj ikd: jQ miq" orejka h,s mjq, iu. tla lsÍu ms,sn|j o" m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùï wjOdrKh lrkq ,nhs' tfukau" orejka yd foudmshka$ Ndrlrejka w;r we;s Ndjd;aul ne£u fkdì£ ;nd .ekSu i|yd wjodkï ;;a;ajfhka ñ§ fkdue;s mjq,a kej; jrla we.hSug ,la flf¾' f.!rjdkkaú; j Ôú;a ùug ;u mjq,a mßirh kqiqÿiq orejkayg i,ikq ,nk úl,amhkag" oeä we.hSula isÿ fldg i,ik {d;s /ljrKh wh;afõ' jhi wjqreÿ 18 iïmQ¾K jQ yd jhi wjqreÿ 18 iïmQ¾K ùug fmr ;u mjq, iuÕ tla flfrk orejkayg Ôj;a ùug" tu mßirh iQodkï lsÍfï m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùï o fuu.ska ,nd§ we;' 1'1 úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sfhys úIhm:h ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= iy úh<s l,dm ixj¾Ok wud;HdxYh hgf;a jk mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska wdrïN lr ilia lrk ,o fuu cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh" iuia: wdh;kyrK l%shdj,shla b,lal fldg .;a rduqjla ;=, ys£ñka úl,am /ljrK moaO;sh Yla;su;a lsÍfï jevigyka iy wdh;ksl ieliqï y÷kd.kq ,nhs' ta wkqj" fuu Wmdhud¾.hkayS wjidk b,lalh jkafka orejka wdh;k.; ùu je,elaùu;a" úfYaI wjia:djkays § yerekq úg orejka È.= l,a wdh;k.; lr ;eîu l%ul%ufhka wjika lsÍu;ah' tlai;a cd;Ska f.a <ud whs;sjdislï ms,sn| iïuq;sfhys uQ,O¾uhka ms,smÈñka" orejka f.a by< u Ndrlre rch nj;a" ish¨ u rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;khka Tjqka f.a ;SrK .ekSfï l%shdj,sh i|yd u. fmkaùu" fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh u.ska ,nd .kakd njg ;yjqre lr .ekSfï j.lSu ork nj;a" fuu m%;sm;a;sh ms,s.kq ,nhs' fuu úêúOdk Ndú;fha fhoùfï§ orejd f.a Wmßu hym; uQ,sl u fõ' tneúka" mj;sk fkajdisl /ljrKhka ;=< <ud ñ;=rejQ;a" mjq,l jeksjQ;a mßirhla we;s lrk f,ig;a" kj uOHia:dk bÈ lsÍfï § m%udKfhka úYd, uOHia:dk wju lr m%udKfhka l=vd iy Ñls;ail m%;sl¾u ,nd fok /ljrK uOHia:dk i|yd jeä jYfhka wdfhdackh lrk f,ig;a fuu m%;sm;a;sh b,a,d isáhs' tfukau" orejka §¾> ld,hla wdh;k.;j ;eîu wju lsÍu i|yd" orejka ms,sn| iudf,dapkhka isÿ lr Tjqka h<s mjq, iuÕ tla lsÍug fyda orejdg Wmßu j M,odhS úh yels whqßka fjk;a fkajdisl /ljrKhla fj; udre lr heùug" isoaê iïuka;%K hdka;%Kh wLKavj l%shd;aul lsÍfï jeo.;alu fuu m%;sm;a;sh wjOdrKh lr isáhs' orejkayg ;u mjq, iu. flá fyda È.= l,la Ôj;a ùu fkdyels lrjk mjq, ;=, mj;sk we;eï wjodkï iy.; ;;a;ajhka" ^Wod' foudmshka isr.; j isàu" úiD; mjq,la fkdue;s ùu&" orejka yg .=Kd;aul /ljrKhla ie,iSfï yelshdj foudmshkag wysñ lrk w;r tjeks orejka b,lal lr .ksñka" mjq,la jeks /ljrKhka wm rgg wjYH fõ' l=vd m%udKfha wdrlaIs; ksjdi" ùÈ.; orejka i|yd ;djld,sl yÈis wjYH;d /|jqï msheis" mjq,l ú,dih .;a WmfoaYk uOHia:dk iEu m,d;l u ;sîu iqÿiq fõ' orejd f.a Wmßu hym; ie,ls,a,g .ksñka isÿ flfrk wdh;kyrK l%shdj,sfha mrud¾:h úh hq;af;a tn÷ myiqlï imhk ia:dk we.hSug ,la lr ta tl tflys wjYH;djh m%uqL;d.; lsÍu;a" foudmsh fijkska neyerj /ljrKh wjYH jk orejka i|yd mjq,l jeks /ljrKhla ,nd fkdfokakd jQ ia:dk jid oeóu;a" orejka ixLHdj wvq lsÍug fyda m%;sjHQy.; lsÍug mshjr .ekSu;ah' weuqKqu 1ys Y%S ,xldfõ oekg mj;sk fkajdisl /ljrKhka ms,sn| úia;r wka;¾.; fõ' tuksid fuu úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh" mjq,a mdol /ljrKhka yd mjq,la jeks /ljrKhka mq¿,a lsÍu i|yd úêúOdk fuka u iEu fkajdisl /ljrKhla u <ud ñ;=rejQ;a mjq,a mßirh n÷ jQ;a ia:dk njg m;a lsÍu;a wruqKq lr .ksñka tu ia:dkhka we.hSug ,la lsÍfï úêúOdk o f.k yer olajhs' fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh ;yjqre flfrk whqßka ilia l, l%shdldÍ ie,eiaula ;=,ska Yla;su;a lrkq ,nk Y%S ,xldfõ úl,am /ljrK ie,iSfï l%ufõoh idOkSh tlla jkq we;' fuu m%;sm;a;s f,aLkh u.ska úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul lsÍfï" wêlaIKh lsÍfï yd úu¾YKh lsÍfï hdka;%Khla o y÷kd.kq ,nhs' 2 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. . 1 Y%S ,xld ckf,aLk yd ixLHd f,aLk fomd¾;fïka;=j ^2012&" 128 msgqj.

. fuu cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh" úl,am <ud /ljrKh ms,sn| tlai;a cd;Ska f.a ud¾f.damfoaYhka ^tlai;a cd;Ska f.a uyd iNdfjys A$RES$64$142 jk fhdackdj& u; mokï jk w;r —wjYH;d uQ,O¾uh˜ iy —fhda.H;d 4 uQ,O¾uh˜ iu. talf¾Çh lr we; ' tfuka u th tlai;a cd;Skaf.a <ud whs;sjdislï m%{ma;sh" Y%S ,xldfjys jHjia:dj" wm úiska wmrdkqu; l, wka;¾ cd;sl .súiqïj, we;=,;a wka;¾ cd;sl ne£ï yd fuu lafIa;%fhys oekqfuka hq;a wdh;khka f.ka jHq;amkak jQ hymßphka o ie,ls,a,g .kq ,nhs' 2'1 wjYH;d uQ,O¾uh l —wjYH;d uQ,O¾uhg˜ my; hdka;%Khka we;=,;a fõ'� l úl,am /ljrK moaO;shg orejl= we;=,aùu j,ld,Sug W;aiy lrk hdka;%Khka' l orejl=yg úl,am /ljrK fiajd iemhSug m%:ufhka" tu orejd ish foudmsh fijfkys u r|jd ;eîu i|yd .;yels wfkl=;a ish¨ úi÷ï i,ld nef,k nj ;yjqre flfrkakd jQ" Yla;su;a oajdr md,k hdka;%Khka we;s lsÍu' l orejl=f.a ia:dk.; lsÍu iïnkaO ish¨ ;SrK .ekSï j,§ orejdg Tyqf.a$ weh f.a YlalH;djhg wkqj iyNd.S ùug whs;sh we;s nj ms,s.ekSu' l orejl=yg úl,am /ljrK ie,iSfï wjYH;djh ;SrKh lsÍu i|yd Yla;su;a yd mßmQ¾K úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;shg mokï jQ yrhka iy uQ,O¾u we.ehSula isÿ lsÍfï wjYH;djh yd nyq-úIh lKavdhï m%fõYhl wjYH;djh wjOdrKh lsÍu' 2'2 fhda.H;d uQ,O¾uh —fhda.H;d uQ,O¾uh˜ mokï ù we;s mQ¾j m%ldYhka( l orejl= ;u kHIaál mjq, ;=, ;eîu ys;lr fkdjkafka kï" orejdf.a mQ¾K ixj¾Okh m%j¾Okh lsÍu Wfoid" jvd;a u iqÿiq úl,am /ljrK úi÷u WoafoaYkh flfrkq we;' l úl,am /ljrKh ie,iSu wjYH nj ;SrKh lrkq ,enQ úg" orejdf.a Wmßu hym; ie,ls,a,g .ksñka jvd;a u iqÿiq úi÷u orejdf.a iyNd.S;ajh we;sj f;dard .ekSu' l úl,am /ljrKh tlu úi÷u jkafka kï" kj mßirhg orejdf.a yev.eiS u ;yjqre lsÍu msksi jßka jr iudf,dapkh lsÍu yd we.hSu isÿ lsÍu wjYH fõ' 2'3 yrhka yd uQ,O¾u fuu úl,am /lrjK m%;sm;a;sh u.ska iy;sl fldg we;s yrhka yd uQ,O¾u my; i|yka fõ' l orejd f.a Wmßu hym; - iEu ;SrK .ekSul §u orejd f.a Wmßu hym; uq,ska u i,ld nef,k njg ;yjqre ùu' l mjq, - orejl=yg mjq,a mßirhla ;=, Ôj;a ùug bv i,id §u i|yd ish¨ m%h;akhka oeÍu' l /ljrKh - orejl= f.a wdrlaIdj yd Y=NidOkh /l .ekSu' l iún, .ekaùu - mqyqKq lsÍï ;=,ska Odß;d ixj¾Okh lsÍu yd orejka" /ln,d .kakka yd iudc jevlrejka yg iïm;a fjka lsÍu' l ish,a,ka wka;¾.; ùu - mQ¾j u; fkd;lñka fldkafoais úrys; j ms,s.ekSu' l iyNd.S;ajh - ;SrK .ekSfï l%shdj,sfha § orejdf.a woyia úuiSu yd isÿ lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk fjkialï orejdg oekqï§u' l fjkia fldg fkdie,lSu - orejl= f.a ;;a;ajhg fyda ;rd;srug mlaIla.%dyS fkdù orejd f.a whs;Ska wdrlaId lsÍu' l iyh §u - mjq,aj,g ;u orejd$ orejka we;s oeä lr .ekSu i|yd wdOdr §u' l WoafoaYkh - iEu orejl=f.au whs;sjdislï fjkqfjka igka lsÍu' l mßmQ¾K ùu - úYd, mrdihl jQ /ljrK úl,amhka bÈßm;a lsÍu' l wëlaIKh - ks;sm;d iudf,dapk isÿ lsÍu yd j.ùu' 2 jk fldgi 4 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. l fm!oa.,sl;ajh - f;dr;=re ryis.; j ;nd .ekSu' l .=Kd;aulnj - ys;lr mßirhka ;=, jQ .=Kd;aul mjq,a iyhhka$ úl,am /ljrK fiajdjka' l iyfhda.S;ajh - orejkayg fiajd imhk ish,a,ka lKavdhula f,i m%h;ak oeÍu isÿ lsÍu úl,am /ljrKh fkdje,elaúh yels úg" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a <ud whs;sjdislï m%{ma;sfhys m%Odk uQ,O¾u jk l orejd f.a Wmßu hym; ie,iSu' l fjkia fldg fkdie,lSu' l Ôj;aùug" ixj¾Okhg yd wdrlaId ùug we;s whs;sh' l orejd f.a ixj¾Okfha § Tyqf.a$wehf.a iyNd.S ùu' hk i;rg wkql+,j fkajdisl /ljrKhka i|yd wju m%ñ;Ska yd ud¾f.damfoaYhka l%shdjg kexùu" wëlaIKh lsÍu yd we.hSu isÿ l, hq;=h' fuu uQ,O¾u l%shdjg kxjk w;r u" <ud whs;sjdislï m%{ma;sfhys wfkl=;a wx.hka tla lr .ekSu o wjYH fõ( · orejdf.a j¾Okh iïnkaOfhka fuka u Tyqf.a$wehf.a cd;sh" ixialD;sh yd NdIduh miqìu iïnkaOfhka o ksis ie,lSu ,nd §u' · úl,am /ljrK ie,iSfï § orejd f.a mjq,a ixia:djg jvd;au ióm mßirhl orejd /|ùu' · ksjerÈ iy hdj;ald,Sk l, jd¾;d yd ,sms f.dkq mj;ajd .ekSfï wjYH;djh fya;=fldg f.k yels ieuúg u úl,am /lrjrKhkayS isák orejka iy Tjqka f.a foudmshka w;r in|;d meje;aùu Èß .ekaùu' · ;ukag ,efnk ie,lSï yd fjk;a isÿùï iïnkaOfhka iudf,dapkh lsÍug orejdg whs;shla we;' · orejdg Tyqf.a$wehf.a ksoyig we;s whs;sh wysñ fkdl, hq;=h' · úl,am /ljrKhka yS ld¾h uKav, f;dard .ekSu yd mqyqKq lsÍu mÍlaIdldÍ j isÿ l, hq;= w;r Tjqkag ksis whqßka jegqma f.ùu l, hq;=h' · tla tla orejdyg iqúfYaIS jQ .;s ,laIK we;s w;r orejd f.a Ôú;hg n,mdkakd jQ ljr fyda ;SrKhla .kq ,nk úg tu .;s ,laIK ie,ls,a,g .; hq;= h' · ifydaor ifydaoßhka fjka ù Ôj;aùu isÿ fkdúh hq;= w;r fkdje,elaúh yels wjia:djl yereK úg úl,am /ljrK ie,iSu yryd fjka lsÍu fkd l, hq;=h' 4 tlai;a cd;Ska f.a uyd iuq¿j ^2010&' 2010 fmnrjdß ui 24 jeks Èk uyd iuq¿j iïu; l, orejkayg úl,am /ljrKh ie,iSfï ud¾f.damfoaY ms,sn| fhdackdj" A$RES$64$142 http($$www'refworld'org$docid$4c3acd162'html' m%fõY ùu 2017iema;eïn¾ 01 jeks od' 5 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. . 3'1 oelau. ys;ldó mjq,a yd m%cd mßirhla ;=, ye§ jeãu yd.

. 4 jk fldgi úl,am /ljrKh wjYH jk orejka f.a ;;a;ajh orejka ;u foudmsh fijkska fjka lsÍfï wjodkï ;;a;ajhg muqKqjk fya;= jkafka oßø;djh" ksjila fkdue;s ùu" wmrdO" wOHdmkh i|yd m%fõYh wvqùu" udmshka fofokd u fyda tla wfhl= fkdue;s ùu" iqÿiq /ln,d .kafkla fkdue;s ùu" foudmshka úfoaY.; ùu" foudmshka isr.; ùu" .Dyia: ysxikh" újdy u; .egqï" wvq jhia .eí .ekSï" wdndê; ;;a;ajhka" mjqf,a §¾> ld,Sk frda.S ;;a;ajhka" YdÍßl yd ,sx.sl wmfhdackh" w;yer hdu" iajNdúl wdmod" hqoaO iy .egqï jeks ;;a;ajhkah' my; olajd we;s ;;a;aj tllg fyda jeä .Kklg ksrdjrKh ù isák orejka" wjodkï iy.; orejka jYfhka ie,lsh yelsh' · wkd: orejka · w;ay, orejka · taâia wdidÈ; orejka · YdÍßl" udkisl fyda ,sx.sl wmfhdackhg ,la jQ orejka · ùÈ orejka · kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejka · <ud ,sx.sl iQrd lEug fyda ydkslr /lshdjkayS Y%u iQrd lEug ,la jQ orejka · wdndO iys; orejka · u;aøjHj,g weíneys jQ orejka · uQ,sl YdÍßl yd Ñ;a;fõ. wjYH;d iïmQ¾K fkdjQ orejka · udmshkaf.ka wfhla isr.; ù isàu fya;=fjka nkaOkd.dr mßirj, Ôj;ajk orejka · <ud irKd.;hska · wNHka;r j wj;eka jQ orejka ^ hqoaOh yd yÈis úm;a fya;=fjka& orejka ;u mjq,a mßirfhka fjka lsÍfï wjYH;djh wju lsÍu ioyd rch iy wfkl=;a md¾Yjlrejka úiska by; ;;a;ajhka iy wfkl=;a wjodkï ;;a;jhka wduka;%Kh l< hq;=h' ;udg ióm mqoa.,hl= yd mj;sk Yla;su;a Ndjd;aul ne£u" orejl= f.a wd;;sh ,sys,a ùug yd ika;DIaáhg bjy,a jk neúka orejka yd udmshka w;r Yla;su;a ne£ula mj;ajd .ekSu" orejd ;=, iqrlaIs;nj ms,sn| yeÕSï cks; lsÍug fya;=jk w;sYh ;SrKd;aul idOlhla fõ' kS;sh iu. .egqï we;slr .;a orejka yd ì÷kq mjq,a mßirhl Ôj;a jk orejka jeks we;eï orejkayg úl,am /ljrKhl wdrlaIdj iy /ljrKh wjYH úh yelsh' wmfhdackfha úkaÈ; orejkayg" fkdi,ld yßk ,o iy iQrd lEug ,la jQ orejkayg úl,am /ljrK ie,iSfï § .e,fmk iqÿiq /ljrK úi÷ula f;dard .; hq;=h' udkisl frda.S ;;a;aj" m%pkavldÍ yeisÍu fyda wdndê;nj" §¾> ld,Skj wdh;k.;lr ;eîug fya;+ka fkdfõ' wmfhdackfha iy iQrd lEfï úkaÈ; orejkayg iy úfYaI /ljrKh yd wjOdkh wjYH orejkayg wjYH WmfoaYk fiajdjka iy /ljrKh ,nd §u" Tjqka ish mjqf,ka fjka fkdlr m%cd mßirh ;=, u ,nd §fï yelshdj fndfyda úg mj;S' Y%S ,xldfjys /ljrK úi÷ï .Kkdjla ;snqK o" orejl=yg wdrlaIdj iy /ljrKh wjYH jQ úg wdh;k.; /ljrKh ,nd §u tlu úi÷u jYfhka f;dard .ekSu ;ju;a isÿ fjñka mj;S' fï fya;=fjka" flá ld,Sk /ljrKh wjYH orejka mjd È.= ld,Sk j wdh;k.; fldg ;eîu isÿ fõ' we;eï wjdis iy.; ;;a;ajhkag ,la jQ orejkaf.a iqúfYaIS wjYH;d wuka;%Kh lsÍu i|yd flá ld,Sk fkajdisl /ljrKhla ie,iSu wjYH jqj o" fndfyda orejkayg wjYH jkqfha ;u iajNdúl mjq, Yla;su;a lsÍfï jevigyka fyda mjq,a mdol /ljrKhkah' ;djld,sl yd flá ld,Sk wdh;k.; /ljrKh wjYH orejka jkafka fijkla wjeisj ùÈfha Ôj;ajk orejka" wkdrlaIs; .Dy mßir ;;a;aj hgf;a Ôj;ajk wmfhdackfha úkaÈ; orejka" <ud cdjdrfï úkaÈ;hska jQ orejka" kS;s úfrdaë u;aøjHj,g weíneys jQ orejka" wêlrK l%shdj,sh hgf;a isák orejka iy nyqúO ixj¾Ok jHdl+,;d iys; j isák úfYaIs; m%;sldr wjYH orejkah' iajNdúl jHikhka yd .egqï o úl,am /ljrK ie,iSfï wjYH;dj u;= lrhs' Y%S ,xld rch úiska wduka;%Kh l, hq;= kjH .eg¨jla jkafka irKd.;hska yd /ljrKh fidhd meñfKkakka w;r jQ orejka isák whj¨ka f.a .eg¨h' tfukau" foudmshka isr.; ù isàu fya;=fjka orejka .Kkdjla 7 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. ^,dxlsl fuka u ,dxlsl fkdjk& jeäysá isr f.j,aj, isá;s' jir 2014 §" rdcH iy mqoa.,sl wdh;hka u.ska l%shd;aul l, Èjhsk mqrd msysá ,shdmÈxÑ <ud /ljrK uOHia:dk 414l orejka 14"179 úh' miq.sh oYl lsysmh ;=, isÿl, wOHhk .Kkdjla fmkajd § we;s mßÈ Y%S ,xldfõ rdcH iy rdcH fkdjk <ud /ljrK uOHia:dk foj¾.fhysu orejkayg wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh ie,iSfï W.% wvqmdvq mj;S' tfuka u" orelug yodjvd .ekSug ,nd §u yd .e,fmk mqoa.,hl= imhd §u jeks úl,am /ljrKhka mej;sh o tajd m%udKj;a j Ndú;d fkdlrk nj o wOHhkhka fmkajd fohs' ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= wud;HxYh iy mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska <ud /ljrK uOHia:dk iïnkaOfhka uE;l u isÿ l, úYaf,aIKh fmkajdfokq ,nkafka" /ljrK uOHia:dkhka yS há;, myiqlï yd fiajdjka j, jeäÈhqKq ùula isÿ ù we;s uq;a orejka f.ka nyq;rhla tu ia:dkhka yS /|ùug fya;=j ù we;af;a oßø;djh yd 1 mjq, ;=, mj;sk .eg¨ njh ' foudmshka iy Ndrlrejka f.a woyi jkafka orejkayg" úfYaIfhka u kj fhdjqka úfha isák .eyeKq orejkayg" fuu /ljrK ia:dkhkayS .=Kd;aul wOHdmkhla i|yd m%fõYh fuka u idfmalaIj wdrlaIs; mßirhl Ôj;aùfï yelshdj we;s njhs' tkuq;a" mjqf,ka yd Ndrlrejka f.ka fjka ùu fukau /ljrK uOHia:dkj, jQ wdh;k.; mßirh fya;= fldg f.k orejka ie,lsh hq;= udkisl yd idudÔh wmyiq;d fmkakqï lrk nj tu jd¾;dj fmkajd fohs' tfukau" tu orejkayg iudch ms,sn| wjfndaOh wvq ùu fya;=fjka iy /ljrK wdh;khka f.ka msg; § tu orejkayg iyh ùu i|yd ;u mjq, fyda iujhia lKavdhï iu. in|;d ySk ùu fya;=fjka fuu orejka iudc.; lsÍu wNsfhda.d;aul jk nj o tu jd¾;dj olajd we;' tneúka orejkayg wdrlaIdj iy /ljrKh ie,iSu msksi wdh;k.; /ljrKh u; hemSu wvq lsÍu i|yd WÑ; úl,am /ljrKhka m%udKj;a mßÈ we;s lsÍfï yd Yla;su;a lsÍfï wjYH;djh fuu fidhd .ekSï o biau;= fldg olajd isáhs' úl,am /ljrKhka fj; orejka fhduq lsÍfï oekg mj;sk l%ufõofhys fukau <ud /ljrK uOHia:dkhka yS orejka r|jd ;eîfuys o fndfyda wvqmdvqlï mj;S' fhdað; <ud wdrlaIdj iy hqla;sh mi|,Su ms,sn| kS;sh u.ska úkaÈ;hska njg m;a orejka" kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr .;a orejka f.ka fjka lr /|ùu i|yd kj úêúOdk i,id we;;a" iy;sl l, mdie,a yd /|jqï ksjdi jeks fndfyda fkajdisl /ljrKhkayS" wmfhdackfha úkaÈ; orejkayg fijk ie,iSu isÿ flfrkqfha kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejka yd iu.h' mj;sk kS;sh u.ska iq¿ jerÈ l, orejka i|yd fjk;a úl,am i,id ;sìh§;a" fmd,a f.ähla fyda mdka f.ähla fidrlï lsÍu jeks iq¨ jrolg jrolrejka jQ orejkayg o jvd;a nrm;, jerÈ i|yd jrolrejka jQ orejkayg jQ wdh;k.; 1 /ljrKh u ,nd §u isÿ flf¾ ' orejka ld¾hd, fõ,dfjka miq j fyda i;s wka;fha § fyda w;awvx.=jg .kq ,enQúg Tjqka wêlrKh yuqjg muqKqjk f;la fmd,sia isr ueÈßj, m%udKj;a ksok myiqlï rys;j r|jd ;eîu we;eï wjia:djka yS isÿ fõ' orejka jeäysá isrlrejka iu. tlu jdykfha m%jdykh lsÍu ksrka;rfhka isÿ flf¾' flfia jqj o" by; i|yka lrk ,o fhdað; kS;sh u.ska m,d;a mßjdi flduidßiajreka yg orejka m%jdykh lsÍfï j.lSu ,nd §ug úêúOdk i,id we;' fndfyda <ud /ljrK ld¾h uKav, msßia b;d lemùfuka lghq;= l, o" rdcldÍ lghq;=j, nyq,;ajh fya;= fldg f.k fudjqkaf.ka fndfyduhla udkisl wd;;shg m;a j isá;s' fndfyduhla msßia wd;;sfhka hq;a jgmsgdjl fiajh lrk w;r m%udKj;a f,i wëlaIKh iy ;dlaI‚l iyh ,nd §u i|yd iïm;a m%udKj;a j fkdue;' fndfyduhla <ud /ljrK fiajl msßiayg m%udKj;a wOHdmkhla fukau iudc jev ms,sn| ksmqK;ajhla o fkdue;s w;r th o fuu wiSre ;;a;ajhg fya;= fjhs' wdh;khkayS /ljrK imhkakka úiska orejka YdÍßl oKavkh ,la lsÍu yd wmfhdackhg ,la lsÍu ms,sn| jd¾;d jQ isoaê Y%S ,xld 1 udkj ysñlï fldñiu i;=j mj;S ' úkaÈ; orejka wdh;khka ;=, § oaú;shsl j wmfhdackhg ,laùu je,elaùu msksi" /ljrK imhkakka j.ùug ne| ;nk Yla;su;a wëlaIK l%ufõohl oeä wjYH;djhla mj;S' tfuka u /ljrK imhkakka i|yd mqyqKq ùï yd wOHdmkh ,nd §fï o ;on, wjYH;djhla mj;sk w;r u iqÿiqlï iys; mqoa.,hska <ud /ljrK lafIa;%hg wdl¾YKh lr .ekSu i|yd iqÿiq mßÈ iïm;a fjka lsÍu o l, hq;=h' orejka wdh;k.; ùfuka j,ld .ekSu i|yd iy orejkayg úl,am /ljrK iemhSu i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ l%shd;aul jk úúO rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;khka w;r iïnkaO;djhkayS ì| jeàï mj;S' tfukau 8 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. orejkag /ljrK ie,iSfï hdka;%Khkays iy fiajd iemhSï j, o wvqmdvq oelsh yelsh' orejka wkjYH f,i /ljrK wdh;khkag we;=,;a lsÍu je,elaùu i|yd id¾:l fodrgq md,kh lsÍfï hdka;%Khla we;s lsÍu o w;HjYH fõ' óg wu;r j" foudmshka yd Ndrlrejka yg Tjqka f.a orejka ;u ksfjiaj, u r|jd .ekSfï yelshdj i,id §u i|yd" wjYH;djh iys; mjq,a Yla;su;a lsÍfï jevigyka yd orejka wdh;k.; lsÍu j,ld,k jevigyka ilia l, hq;= fõ' tjeks mjq,a Yla;su;a lsÍfï l%shdud¾. .Kkdjla rch úiska l%shdjg kxjd we;' mjq,a ixia:djka yS oßø;djh yd wjodkï ;;a;ajhkag md;%S nj my; oeóu b,lal lr .;a" fomd¾;fïka;= tfld,ylg wêl ixLHdjlska wëlaIKh flfrk" iqNidOk jevigyka ;sylg wêl 1 ixLHdjla oekg l%shd;aul fjñka mj;S ' uQ,Huh wdOdr jevigyka orejka wdh;k.; ùu j,lajd .ekSfï jvd;a M,odhS l%ufõohla jqj o" fndfyda wjia:dj, § tu jevigyka ksis b,lalhkag fhduq fkdùu;a" wod, f;dr;=re mß>kl.; lsÍu ksr;=re isÿ fkdùu;a wiïmQ¾K wëlaIKhg" iïnkaëlrKhg yd m%.;sh uek ne,Sug fya;=fõ' 2012$13 .Dy tall wdodhu iy úhou ms,sn|j isÿl, iólaIKfha o;a;hkag wkqj ksjdi tall 6'7] m%;sY;hla o¾ø;d f¾Ldjg my,ska 1 isáh o iuDoaê wdOdr ysñjkqfha bka 16] lg mu‚ ' tfukau" b;d È,s÷ mxpulfhka ;=fkka follg wdikak fldgila lsisÿ iuDoaë wdOdr uqo,la fkd,nk w;r we;eï m%;s,dNSka wdOdr ,eìh hq;= ld, iSudj blaujd m%;s,dN ,nk ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka iuyfrla lsis Èkl fuu wdOdrj,g ysñlï fkdlshhs' fujeks iudc wdOdr jevigyka iïnkaOfhka uyck;dj ;=, jQ oekqj;anj jeäl, hq;= njg o b,a,Sula fjhs' úfYaIfhkau úúO iudc .eg¨ iïnkaOfhka mdie,a úIhud,d Tiafia isiqka yd .=rejrekayg wOHdmkh ,nd §u ;=,ska" wdh;k.; ùu je,elaùfï;a oekqj;a lsÍfï;a l%shdud¾. jeä jYfhka .ekSu o wjYH fõ' ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= wud;HdxYh úiska by;ska úia;r lrk ,o ikaO¾Nh ksÍlaIKh lrñka wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wjYH orejka f.a fuka u kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr .;a ish¨ orejka f.a whs;sjdislï mßmQ¾K lsÍu yd k.d isgqùu i|yd m%cd mdol /ljrKhka .Kkdjla f.kyer olajkakd jQ fuu úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh ieliSu wrUk ,§' 5 cd;sl iudc ixj¾Ok wdh;kh ^2013&' Y%S ,xldfõ úl,am <ud /ljrK wdh;khka yS iy wdh;k.; orejka f.a ;;a;ajh úYaf,aYKh' mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j" ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= wud;HdxYh" Y%S ,xldj' 6 See for instance, Vijay Samaraweera ^&¦ Save the Children, Home Truths: Child Rights in Institutional Care in Sri Lanka (2005) C.Rocella ^&¦ Ministry of Women and Child Affairs ^2013&¦ Ariyadasa ^&' 7 cd;sl iudc ixj¾Ok wdh;kh ^2013&' Y%S ,xldfõ úl,am <ud /ljrK wdh;khka yS iy wdh;k.; orejka f.a ;;a;ajh( ;;a;aj úYaf,aYKh' mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j" ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= wud;HdxYh" Y%S ,xldj' 8 Wod' jYfhka orejka yd fh!jkhka ms,sn| wd{dmk; 9 udkj ysñlï fldñIka iNdj ^2016&' ksoyi wysñ jQ orejka( nyq úIh wOHhkhls" Y%S ,xldj' 10 The World Bank Group ^2017&' Sri Lanka Poverty and Welfare (Recent Progress and Remaining Challenges, Washington D'C' USA' 11 by; uQ,dY%hu' 12 The National Welfare Benefit Board of the Ministry of Finance is in the process of developing criteria for a comprehensive social protection system to enable better identification of individuals and families in need of social protection. 13 cd;sl l%u iïmdok fomd¾;fïka;=j' 8 jk mßÉfþoh" iudc wdrlaIdj' ck;d wdfhdack jevigyk ^2017-2020&' Y%S ,xldj' 127-136 msgq 9 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. COURT-02.

. 5 jk fldgi úúO úl,am /ljrK l%u 5'1 úl,am /ljrKh w¾: oelaùu úl,am /ljrKh hkq" wêlrKh fyda tjeks n,hla ,nd § we;s wdh;khla u.ska fokq ,enQ ;SrKhla u; fyda orejd f.a" foudmshka$ Ndrlrejka f.a fyda foudmshka fkdue;s wjia:djl /ljrK imhkafkl= f.a uQ,slùfuka" foudmsh fijkska mßNdysr j orejl=yg úêu;a fyda wúêu;a /ljrK ie,iSula 1 4 fõ ' tlai;a cd;Ska f.a úl,am /ljrK ud¾f.damfoaYh" úêu;a yd wúêu;a hk /ljrKhka fo wdldrh u w¾: olajd we;' wúêu;a /ljrKhg" orejdf.a uj"mshd fyda Ndrlrejl= úiska {d;shl= fyda ñ;%hl= iómfhys" ld, ks¾Kh lsÍulska f;drj ;u orejd yg /ljrKh ie,iSu i|yd fm!oa.,sl j isÿ lr .kq ,nk {d;s /ljrKh jeks /ljrK ie,iSï wh;a fõ' ksis ms,s.ekSulska hq;a /ljrK i,ikakl= hgf;a ,nd fok ish¨ /ljrKhka úêu;a úl,am /ljrK jYfhka tu ud¾f.damfoaYh olajkq ,nhs' 5'2 úêu;a úl,am /ljrKhka yd mjq,a wdY%s; iyhhka úêu;a úl,am /ljrK l%u" mjq,a mdol /ljrK iy mjq,l jeks /ljrK jYfhka j¾.SlrKh flf¾' mjq,a mdol /ljrKhkag {d;s /ljrKh" fmdaIs; /ljrKh iy l=,jeoa§u wh;a jk w;r ish¨ u fkajdisl /ljrKhka mjq,l jeks /ljrKhka 15 jYfhka ie,fla ' úúO úl,am /ljrK l%u my;ska olajd we;s w;r th oelaùu isÿ lr we;af;a fyd| u úl,amfha isg wkqms,sfj,sks' orejl= ;ud Ôj;a jk mjq,a mßirfhka fjka lsÍu ^úia;D; mjq, o we;=,;aj& wjidk úl,amh jYfhka ie,fla' mjq, iu. Ôj;a jk orejl=yg iyh ùu i|yd we;s fiajdjka yd hdka;%Khka ms,sn|j orejl= ;u mjq,a mßirfhka fjka lsÍug fmr fidhd ne,Su isÿl, hq;=fõ' 5'3 mjq,a mdol /ljrK mjq,a mdol /ljrK ie,iSu ;u iajNdúl mjq, ;=, fyda {d;s mjq,la" fmdaIs; mjq,la" fyda l=,jeoa§u isÿl, 16 mjq,la jeks oekg mj;sk mjq,la ;=, ,nd §u isÿ fõ' ;u ifydaorhskag iyh úh yels iy Tjqka /ln,d .; yels jeäuy,a orejka isák" <ud uQ,sl .Dyhka o mjq, u; mokï jQ /ljrKhg we;=,;a l, yelshs' 5'3'1' {d;s /ljrK tlai;a cd;Ska f.a ud¾f.damfoaYfhys {d;s /ljrKh w¾: olajd we;af;a orejd okakd y÷kk {d;Shl= fyda mjq,g lsÜgq /ljrK imhkafkl= úiska ,nd fok 17 /ljrK ie,iSula jYfhks ' Y%S ,xldfjys {d;s /ljrKh ie,iSu úêu;a fkdjQ wdldrhlg isÿ lrkq ,nk w;r" orejka {d;shl= fyda ñ;=rl= iómfhys ;djld,slj flá fyda we;eï úg È.= ld,hla r|jd 18 ;eîula f,i th isÿ flf¾ ' {d;s /ljrKh iemhSu úêu;a fkdjQ wdldrfhka isÿ ùu fya;=fjka Y%S ,xldfjys ta yd iïnkaO o;a; ,nd .ekSu ÿIalr fõ' tneúka" {d;s /ljrKh hgf;a isák orejka f.a m%.;sh uek ne,Su" miq úmrï lsÍu yd wëlaIKh lsÍfï lghq;= i|yd fuu /ljrK l%uh o úl,am /ljrK l%ufõofhys wx.hla jYfhka ks, uÜgñka y÷kd .ekSu jeo.;a fõ' wêlrK moaO;sh ;=, isák we;eï orejkag /ljrKh ie,iSu i|yd <uhska yd fh!jkhka ms,sn| wd{d mk; u.ska iqÿiq mqoa.,hl= iq¿ f.ùula iys;j m;a flf¾' fuu iqÿiq mqoa.,hd jYfhka {d;s fkdjk whl= fhdod .ekSug kS;sh u.ska m%;smdok imhd ;snqK o" m%dfhda.sl j isÿjkafka orejdg {d;s iïnkaOlula iys; wfhl= fuu iqÿiq mqoa.,hd jYfhka fhdod .ekSuhs' fuu ld¾hh bgqlsÍu i|yd {d;s fkdjk mqoa.,hska y÷kd .ekSfï hdka;%Khla fkdue;s neúka orejka {d;s fkdjk mqoa.,hska iu. ;eîug ks,Orhska ue,slula olajhs' tneúka fuu úêu;a /ljrK ie,iSu o" m%dfhda.sl fhoùfï § {d;s /ljrKhg iudk fõ' flfia fj;;a" iafõÉPd <ud ksjdihka yS r|jd isák orejka f.ka nyq;rhla fmdaIs; /ljrKh fyda iqÿiq mqoa.,hl=f.a /ljrKh jeks úl,am /ljrKhkag bv fkdi,ik wk;a ore wd{d mkf;a úêúOdkhkag hg;a jk orejka fõ' iqÿiq mqoa.,hl= hkafkys ks¾jpkh fukau th ie,iSfï wruqK meyeÈ,s lr .ekSu th úl,am /ljrK fiajdjka iu. wkql+,kh lsÍu i|yd wjYH jkq we;' 14 Better Care Network ^2014&' New York" USA' http($$www'bettercarenetwork'org$toolkit$glossaryof- key-terms' Accessed 3rd December 2017. 11 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. 15 tlai;a cd;Ska f.a uyd iuq¿j ^2010&' 2010 fmnrjdß ui 24 jeks Èk uyd iuq¿j iïu; l, orejkayg úl,am /ljrKh ie,iSfï ud¾f.damfoaY ms,sn| fhdackdj" A$RES$64$142 http($$www'refworld'org$docid$4c3acd162'html' m%fõY ùu 2017iema;eïn¾ 01 jeks od' 16 Centre for Excellence for Looked After Children ^2012&' MOVING FORWARD( Implementing the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, Scotland. 17 tlai;a cd;Ska f.a Mud whs;sjdislï iïuq;sh ^1989&' G'A res'44$25" annex" 44 U'N' GAOR Supp' ^No'49& at 167" U'N' Doc A$44$49 18 Centre for Excellence for Looked After Children ^2012&' MOVING FORWARD( Implementing the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children" Scotland' 19 orejka yd fh!jkhka ms,sn| wd{dmk; 5'3'2 fmdaIs; /ljrK fmdaIs; /ljrK w¾: olajkq ,nkafka n,h,;a hqj, fyda mqoa.,hska úiska .dia;= wh lsÍula iys;j Tjqkaf.a ksji ;=, § ,nd fok /ljrKhka f,ih' §.= l,a imhk fmdaIs; /ljrKh u.ska úúO fya;= ksidfjka l=,joa§u id¾:l úl,amhla fkdjkakdjQ;a" mjq,l /ljrKh jir .Kkdjla ,nd §u wjYH jkakdjQ;a 20 úfYaIs; orejkaf.a wjYH;djh imqrd,sh yelsh' foudmsh /ljrKh wysñ jQ orejkayg fmdaIs; /ljrKfhka hym;la ù fkdue;s nj f.da,Sh idlaIs fmkajd fokq ,nhs' ;j o" fmdaIs; /ljrKfhys ixialD;sl yd idïm%odhsl WÑ;nj ms,sn| u;jdo o Y%S ,xldfjys mj;S' tkuq;a fjk;a rgj, w¾nqohkag uqyqK mE mjq,aj, orejkayg ;djld,sl iyk iemhSfï hdka;%Khla jYfhka yÈis fmdaIs; /ljrKh id¾:l ù we;' 5'4 mjq,la jeks /ljrK mjq,la jeks /ljrK jYfhka y÷kajkqfha orejd f.a iajNdúl fyda úiD; mjq,g msg;ska jQ úl,am /ljrK ie,iSïh' ish¨ u fkajdisl /ljrKhka mjq,la jeks 21 /ljrKhka jYfhka ie,fla ' we;eï wjia:djkayS orejkayg mj;sk jvd;au fhda.H úl,amh fuh jk neúka we;eï orejkayg ;djld,slj fkajdisl /ljrKh ie,iSu wjYH jk nj fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh ms,s.kq ,nhs' mjq,la jeks /ljrKfhys wruqK úh hq;af;a mjq,a mßirhg iudk ;;a;aj hgf;a l=vd lKavdhï i|yd /ljrKh ie,iSuhs' Y%S ,xldfjys" yÈis wjia:d /ljrK uOHia:dk" iafõÉPd ksjdi" wdrlaIs; ksjdi" mqoa.,sl kjd;eka" fkajdisld.dr" iy;sl l, mdie,a" ksj¾;k ksjdi" lKavdhï ksjdi" wkqu; ksjdi" WmfoaYk uOHia:dk yd úfõl i;aldr jeks fkajdisl /ljrKhka .Kkdjla fjhs' 5'5 wfkl=;a fiajdjka iy hdka;%Khka 5'5'1 l=,jeoa§u l=,jeoa§u hkq hï mqoa.,fhl= f.a" idudkHfhka orejl= f.a" udmshNdrldr;ajh tu mqoa.,hdf.a iajNdúl fyda ffk;sl udmshka f.ka fjk;a mqoa.,hl= Ndr .ekSfï l%shdj,sh jk w;r tfia lsÍfï §" odrl;ajh o iu.ska tu mqoa.,hdf.a ish¨ whs;sjdislï yd j.lSï iajNdúl udmshka f.ka Ndr .kakd mqoa.,hdg iaÓr f,i udreùu isÿfõ' orejka l=,jeoa§fï wd{d mkf;ys úêúOdk hgf;a wkd: fyda w;ay, orejka l=,jeoa§u isÿl, yelsh' úfoaYSh l=,jeoa§ïj,g jvd foaYSh l=,jeoa§u nyq,j isÿ flfrkq olakg yels w;r th orejl=f.a cd;sh" ixialD;sh" NdIdj i|yd jk ffki¾.sl whs;sh ie,lSfï § jeä m%sh;djhla olajk wdldrh o fõ' l=,jeoa§u i|yd jk b,a,Sï imqrd,Sfï l%shdj,sh i|yd .;jk ld,h tla tla m,d; wkqj fjkia fõ' we;eï m,d;aj, orejka l=,joaod .ekSug wfmalaIdfjka isák foudmshka f.a È.= fmdfrd;a;= f,aLk we;s uq;a yodjvd .ekSu i|yd id¾:l .e,mSula isÿ lsÍug iqÿiq orejka fkdjk w;r we;eï m,d;aj, fmdfrd;a;= f,aLk flá jk w;r orejka l=,jeoa§u i|yd .; jk ld,h o fláh' foaYSh l=,joaod .ekSfï l%shdj,sfhys yd l%shdmámdáfhys m%udoùï i|yd fya;=mdol jQ lreKq y÷kd .ekSu;a" mj;sk ndOdjka orejdf.a Wmßu hym; ie,iSfï uQ,O¾uhg wkql+, fjñka wduka;%Kh lsÍu;a i|yd m¾fhaIK lsÍfï oeä wjYH;djhla mj;s' 5'5'2 iyk ñ, Èjd iq/l=ï Èjd iq/l=ï jkdyS foudmshka fyda Ndrlrejkayg úfõlhla ,nd §ug;a" /lshdjl kshe,Su we;=¨j jvd;a hym;a Ôjk ;;a;ajhla Wodlr .ekSug wjia:dj ie,iSug;a ks¾udKh lrk ,o iudc iyh iemhSfï fiajdjls' wju uqo,la wh lrkq ,nk fuu iykñ, Èjd iq/l=ï idudkHfhka wjodkï ;;a;ajfha isák mjq,a fjkqfjka meje;afõ' Y%S ,xldfjys rch u.ska fuka u rdcH fkdjk wdh;k u.ska o mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk iyk ñ, Èjd iq/l=ï olakg we;' 12 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. . 5'5'3 mdie,a fõ,dfjka miq jevigyka. mdie,a fõ,dfjka miq jevigyka jQl,S orejkayg.

. 6 jk fldgi Wmdhud¾.hka yd m%;sm;a;s ueÈy;alrKhka 6'1 wdh;k.;ùu je,elaùu fuu fldgi u.ska orejka wdh;k.;ùu je,elaùu i|yd .;hq;= l%shdud¾." úfYaIfhka u orejka È.= l,a wdh;k.; fldg ;eîug odhljk idOl mrdch lsÍu i|yd jQ l%shdud¾. fhda.H;d uQ,O¾uh weiqre fldg .ksñka f.k yer olajhs' 6'1'1 ;u mjq,a ixia:dfjka fjka ùfï wjodkula iys; orejka y÷kd .ekSu i|yd wjodkï ;;a;aj is;shï.; lsÍfï l%ufõohla we;s lsÍu' 6'1'2 ish¨ rdcH ks,OdÍka yd ld¾h uKav,hka <ud wmfhdack" fkdi,ld yeÍï" iQrd lEï yd w;yer hdï y÷kd .ekSu yd je,elaùu ms,sn|j fukau WÑ; yd ld¾hlaIu whqßka ksmqK;ajhlska hq;a wdh;khkag fhduq lsÍu ms,sn|j;a mqyqKq lr we;s njg ;yjqre lr .ekSu' 6'1'3 /lshd i|yd hEug orejka wdh;k.; lsÍfï wjodkula iys; foudmshka úfYaIfhka flakaø fldg .ksñka" ie,lsh hq;= Ôjk ;;a;ajhla iys;j yd f.!rjdkaú;j Ôj;aùu i|yd foudmshka iún, .ekaùu wruqKq lr.;a wd¾Ól yd iudc iyh imhk jevigyka we;s lsÍu iy m%j¾Okh lsÍu' 6'1'4 fmr mdief,a isg 13 jk fYa‚h olajd iïm;a" .=re uKav,h yd wOHdmkh m%udKj;aj we;s njg ;yjqre lr.ekSu i|yd mdie,a wOHdmkh Yla;su;a lsÍu iy orejka mdie,a moaO;sh ;=, r|jd ;nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH Wmldrl fiajdjka ,nd§u' 6'1'5 orejkag ysßyer lsÍu" wmfhdackh" wka;¾- mqoa., .egqï wdÈh ish¨ mdie,a ;=, isÿùu je,elaùu i|yd mdie,a wOHdmkhg Ôjk l=i,;d tla lsÍu Èß .ekaùu' 6'1'6 l=vd orejka yd Tjqka f.a mjq,a fjkqfjka mQ¾K mrdihlska hq;a mQ¾j <ud úh ixj¾Ok jevigyka we;s lsÍu' 6'1'7 uq,a wjia:dfõ §u wjYH ueÈy;aùï isÿlsÍug yelsjk fia" j¾Ok ÿ¾j,;d fmkaùu iïnkaO we.hSulg w¨; Wmka iEu ì,sf`ola u bm§ uq,a udi ;=k we;=,; ,la flfrk njg;a" wju jYfhka jhi wjqreÿ 5 olajd wLKav j tu we.hSu isÿflfrk njg;a ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'1'8 ,sx.sl yd m%ckl fi!LH ms,sn| jevigyka mdie,a ;=, yd m%cdj ;=, meje;aùu o we;=¿j <ud ujqjreka" ;ks udmsh yd Tjqka f.a orejkayg iyh ùu i|yd úfYaI jevigyka meje;aùu iy Tjqka iudc wmydihg ,la ùu wvq lsÍug m%h;ak oeÍu yd Tjqkayg orejka iu. mjq,la fia Ôj;a ùug bv ie,iSug .; yels ish¨ l%shdud¾. .ekSu' 6'1'9 ùÈ.; orejka yd Tjqka f.a foudmshkayg ùÈfha Ôj;a ùfuys we;s wjodku ms,sn| wjfndaOh we;s lsÍu i|yd úfYaIs; jevigyka ks¾udKh lsÍu yd úl,am jdiia:dk yd fjk;a wdodhï ud¾. i|yd Wkkaÿ lrùu' 6'1'10 u;aøjH yd u;ameka i|yd weíneys ùu" wka;¾cd, l%Svd" wiNH o¾Yk" ,sx.sl wOHdmkh yd <ud wmpdr hkdÈh ms,sn| j jhig iß,k whqßka orejka iún, .ekaùu i|yd jevigyka yd wOHdmksl mqyqKq jevigyka ks¾udKh lsÍu' 6'1'11 ish¨ ud;D m%;s,dNhka" fi!LH wdrlaIl hdka;%Khka iy wd¾Ól iyh ie,iSfï jHdmD;Ska úiska ;ks ujqjreka" oßø;djfhka hq;a mjq,aj, ujqjreka yd .Dyia: ysxikfha úkaÈ; ujqjreka fj; úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq lrk njg ;yjqre lr .ekSu' 6'1'12 mjq, ;djld,sl j fjka jk wjia:dj, § ^Wod' /lshd i|yd úfoaY.; ùu& {d;s /ljrKh jeks mjq,a mdol /ljrKhka ie,iSfï yelshdj fidhd ne,Sug foudmshka Èß .ekaùu i|yd jevigyka ks¾udKh lsßu yd l%shd;aul lsÍu' 6'1'13 rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk fiajd imhkakka hk fomsßiu is;shï.; fldg ish¨ fiajd imhkakka w;r iïnkaëlrKh yd iyfhda.S;djh m%j¾Okh lsÍu i|yd wod, fiajdjka fj; fhduq lsÍfï hdka;%Khla we;s lsÍu' 14 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. 6'2 oajdr md,kh oajdr md,kh hkq" orejl= wdh;ksl /ljrKhg hg;a lsÍfï ;SrK l%shdj,shg iïnkaO jk ish¨ md¾Yjhka úiska" —fhda.H;d uQ,O¾uh˜ ms,smÈñka" orejl=yg jvd;au fhda.H /ljrKh ;SrKh lsÍu i|yd isoaê l,uKdlrk hdka;%K" we.hSï l%shdj,sh" uQ,H iyhka ,nd §u jeks ish¨ l%shdud¾. .kq ,nk njg ;yjqre lr .ekSuhs' 6'2'1 oajdr md,k hdka;%K Yla;su;a lsÍu msksi wjodkï iy.; ;;a;ajhka yS isák orejka iïnkaOfhka mj;skakd jQ cd;sl yd m,d;a kS;s yd fr.=,dis iudf,dapkh fldg tajd tal f¾Çh lsÍu' 6'2'2 foaYsh l=,joaod .ekSfï l%shdj,sh Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd mj;sk l=,joaod .ekSfï kS;s ixfYdaOkh lsÍu yd m%;sixialrKh lsÍu' 6'2'3 orejl= wdh;k.; lsÍug fmr tys wjYH;djh iys; orejka ksjerÈj y÷kd .ekSu" m%dfhda.sl hdka;%Khka ^orejd iy mjq, we.hSu iy wdrlaIK ie,iqï ilia lSÍu we;=¨j&" wdh;ksl ieliqï iy úêu;a oajdr md,k l%ufõohl ;sìh hq;= iïnkaëlrK jHQyh hkdÈhg wod, j nyqúO m%fõYhla wkq.ukh lrkakd jQ ud¾f.damfoaY yd wju cd;sl m%ñ;Ska f.dv ke.Su' 6'2'4 fjk;a rglg legqj hk ,o iy furgg legqj tk ,o orejka f.a .eg¨" tfia legqj taug fyda hdug wod, jQ fya;= i,ld ne,Sulska f;drj o" jeäysáhl= úiska legqj fkdmeñ‚ fyda mjqf,ka fjka lrkq ,enQ hkd§ lreKq fkdi,ld yßñka" kshduKh lsÍu i|yd iqúfYaIS ud¾f.damfoaY f.dv ke.Su' 6'2'5 orejka irKd.;hska njg m;aùu iy iajleue;af;ka fyda iajleue;af;ka f;drj ;u uq,a /ln,d .kakjqka f.ka fjka ùu je,elaùu msksi l%shdud¾. .ekSu iy iajNdúl úm;a we;=¿j" yÈis wjia:d j,§ wjYH mßÈ flá fyda È.= ld,Sk úl,am /ljrKhka iemhSu' 6'2'6 orejl= ;u mjq, yd iudch fj; iudc.; lsÍu m%udo ùfï wjodkula we;s mjq,a i|yd wd¾Ól iy iudchSh iyh ,nd §ug m%uqL;ajh §u' hï foudmshl=$Ndrlrejl= ish foudmsh j.lSï yd ne£ï bgq lsÍug iQodkï jk ;=re" orejdyg ;djld,sl ksjdihla wjYH jQ wjia:djka jeks ;;a;ajhkays §" {d;s /ljrKh fyda yÈis fmdaIs; /ljrKh jeks" mjq,a mdol /ljrK úl,amhka Èß.ekaùu yd iyh §u' 6'3 úl,am /ljrK moaO;sh ;=, isák orejka fuu fldgi foudmsh wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wysñ orejkayg úl,am /ljrK ie,iSu yd iïnkaOj fõ' 6'3'1 Widú ksfhda.hla fyda mßjdi flduidßiajrhd f.a ksfhda.hla fkdue;sj orejl= iDcqj u /ljrK wdh;khkag Ndr fkd.; hq;= nj i|yka kS;sh oeäj wëlaIKh flfrk hdka;%Khka Yla;su;a lsÍu' 6'3'2 iEu úl,am /ljrK ie,iSul §u foudmshka$ Ndrlrejka yd orejka f.a oekqj;a leue;a; ,nd .kakd njg;a" tu úl,am /ljrKh ;=, we;s ;;a;ajh ms,sn| j Tjqka iïmQ¾Kfhka u oekqj;a flfrk njg;a ;yjqre ùu iy Tjqkayg" wod, isoaêfhys ffk;sl f,aLkhkag m%fõY ùfï yelshdj ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'3'3 úl,am /ljrK l%uh ;=, isák ish¨ orejka f.a Wmamekak iy;slh" <ud j¾Ol ldâm;" ye÷kqï m; wd§ w;HjYH ffk;sl f,aLKhka iys; njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'3'4 úl,am /ljrK ie,iSï iemhSug wod, wju m%ñ;Ska fyda ms,smÈk njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'3'5 úl,am /ljrKhka ;=, isák orejkayg ;u foudmshka$Ndrlrejka iu. iïnkaO;d fkdue;s úg fyda iïnkaO;djh meje;aùug wjia:dj fkdue;s úg ;u iajNdúl mjq, ms,sn| hdj;ald,Sk f;dr;=re i|yd m%fõYh imhd fok njg ;yjqre ùu yd foudmshka È.= l,a frday,a.; ùu fyda isr.; ùu fya;=fjka orejka mjqf,ka fjka ùu isÿ jk úg Tjqkayg ufkdaffjoHuh iyhka i|yd m%fõYh we;s njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'3'6 ksjiska msg; ia:dkhl r|jd isák orejl= kej; mjq, iu. tla flfrk ;=re tu orejd f.a udmshka f.ka whl=$ Ndrlre" foudmshka$Ndrlrejka fkdue;s úg {d;shl= 15 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. fyda wêlrKh m;a l, Ndrlrejl=" wju jYfhka uilg jrla wksjd¾hfhka orejd ne,Su msksi meñŒug;a" ksrka;frhka iïnkaO;d meje;aùug;a leue;slr .ekSu w;HjYHfhka isÿjk njg ;yjqre lr .ekSu' 6'3'7 ish orejd ne,Su i|yd meñŒug fkdyels fyda wlue;s foudmshka ms,sn|j wëlaIKh lsÍu" miq úmrï lsÍu iy Tjqkayg iyh ùu i|yd orejka iïnkaOfhka j.lSï ork ks,OdÍka iún, .ekaùu' 6'3'8 2015 wxl 4 ork wmrdOhl úkaÈ;hska yd idlaIslrejka yg iyh §fï yd wdrlaId lsÍfï mkf;ys úêúOdkhka" WÑ; wjia:djka ys § orejkag wod,j Ndú;hg .efkk njg j.n,d .ekSu' 6'3'9 úl,am /ljrKhkag we;=¨ jk orejka yg Tjqka f.a mßk; njg wkqrEmShj" ;SrK .ekSfï l%shdj,shg iyNd.S ùu i|yd wjia:dj ,nd §u isÿ lrkak' orejl= ;SrK .ekSu i|yd l=vd jeä kï fyda wkd: orejl= kï fyda iyhùu i|yd {d;shl= fkdue;s kï fyda " úl,am /ljrK imhkq ,nkakd úiska wod, ;SrK .ekSu isÿ lrkq fjkqjg" orejd oekqj;a lrñka Tyqg ;SrK .ekSug iyhùu i|yd wêlrKh u.ska m;a lrkq ,enQ woajld;ajrhl= m;a lrkak' ;SrK .ekSu isÿ l, hq;af;a wêlrKuh" mßmd,kuh fyda fjk;a ms,s.;a l%shdmámdála yryd" orejd fjkqfjka fmkS isák ffk;sl ksfhdackhla we;=¨ ffk;sl wdrlaIl mshjrhka o iys;jh' 6'3'10 <ud uQ,sl mjq,a fjkqfjka fmkS isàu i|yd ffk;sl Ndrlrejl= m;a lr tu orejka wmfhdackhka f.ka yd iQrd lEug ,la ùfuka wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd úêúOdk i,ikak¦ fuu orejka yg fi!LH" ksjdi" wOHdmkh yd Wreuhkag we;s whs;sh hkdÈh i|yd m%fõYh iy;sl lrkak' foudmshka$Ndrlrejka wysñ jQ miq" jeäuy,a orejd .Dy uQ,slhd jYfhka lghq;= lsÍug ukdm kï yd yelshdfjka hqla; kï" tu orejd iu. ksjfia u úiSug ;SrKh lrk ifydaor ifydaorhskayg iyhhka iemhSu isÿjk njg ;yjqre ùu iy .Dy uQ,slhka jk orejka yg úfYaI wjOdkh ,nd fok njg;a" tu orejdg úfõlh yd wOHdmkh we;=¨ <udúhg wod, whs;sjdislï iys; jk njg;a ;yjqre lr .ekSu' 6'3'11 jeäysáhl= úiska legqj fkdmeñ‚ orejka yg" mjqf,ka fjka ù we;s orejkayg yd <ud cdjdrfï úkaÈ; orejka yg iyh ie,iSï isÿlsÍfï § tla tla isoaêhg wod, jk f,iska th isÿ lsÍu yd kS;súfrdaë f,i rgg we;=¨ jQ orejka" kS;sh W,a,x>Kh lsÍfï jrog isrNdrhg .ekSfuka fyda fjk;a o~qjulg hg;a lsÍfuka wdrlaId lr .ekSu' orejd f.a wdrlaIdjg wjodkula mj;Skï" jeäysáhl= úiska legqj fkdmeñ‚ orejka fukau mjqf,ka fjka j we;s orejka Tyqf.a$weh f.a uq,a rgg kej; msg;a lr fkdheùug hdka;%Khka ;sìh hq;=h¦ jeäysáhl= úiska legqj fkdmeñ‚ orejka yd mjqf,ka fjka j we;s orejka f.a Ndrldr;ajh kS;s.; lsÍu yd orejdf.a wdrlaIdj iïnkaO lrekq ms,sn| ie,ls,su;a fjñka orejdf.a mjq, fidhd §ug mshjr .ekSu¦ orejdg wLKavj /ljrKh ie,iSu i|yd rgj,a w;r iy wod, wdh;k w;r iyfhda.S;ajh Èß .ekaùu' 6'3'12 úêu;a fkdjQ {d;s /ljrKhka hgf;a isák orejka f.a wdrlaIdj yd iqNidOkh ms,sn|j fkdoefkk" fkd.efyk whqßka fidhd ne,Su isÿ lr wdrlaIdj yd iqNidOkh ;yjqre lsÍu msksi;a" tu.ska y÷kd.kq ,nk wjodkï iy.; ;;a;ajhg m;aúh yels ia:dkhka wëlaIKh lsÍu msksi;a hdka;%Khla we;s lsÍu' 6'3'13 wjYH jQ úg orejkaf.a iy foudmshka$ Ndrlrejka f.a udkisl yd Ñ;a;dfõ. wjYH;d i|yd iyh ùug .=Kd;aul m%cdmdol WmfoaYk fiajdjka fyda flá ld,Sk úfõl i;aldr we;s njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'3'14 orejl=yg {d;shl= fkdjk wh úiska fyda orejdg kqyqre {d;Ska úiska fyda orejdf.a iqmqreÿ jdiia:dkhg ÿria:j isák {d;ska úiska ,nd fok wúêu;a /ljrKhka ,nk orejka" wmfhdackfhka" fkdi,ld yeÍfuka" <ud Y%ñl;ajfhka iy iQrd lEfuka wdrlaId flfrk nj ;yjqre lsÍug;a" iqÿiqlï ,;a ffjoHjrfhl= f.a ffjoH mÍlaIdjlska iy T!IO jÜfgdarejlska f;drj T!IO iy m%;sldr ,nd §fuka wdrlaId lr .ekSug;a" orejdg we;s .eg¨ldÍ hfula fõ kï th ryis.; j oekqï 16 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. §u i|yd ksmqK;ajhlska hq;a úYajdilghq;= mqoa.,hl= we;s njg ;yjqre lsÍu;a i|yd hdka;%Khka we;s lsÍu' 6'3'15 YdÍßl yd udkisl wdndO iys; orejka we;=¿j úl,am /ljrK l%uh ;=, isák ish¨ orejkayg wOHdmkh i|yd wjldYh we;s njg fuka u tu orejka iudc.; lsÍu b,lal lr .ksñka" wdndê; ;;a;ajhka ms,sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;s j,g wkql+, j WmfoaYkh" l:k" jD;a;Sh yd YdÍßl Ñls;aidjka o we;=¿j mßmQ¾K /ljrKhla iemfhk njg;a ;yjqre ùu' 6'3'16 orejl=yg iaÓr /ljrKhla ie,iSug fmr iqÿiq mqoa.,hl= f.a /ljrKh" fmdaIs; /ljrKh jeks ;djld,sl /ljrKhla iemhSug isÿ jQ wjia:djka ys§ tu ;djld,sl /ljrKh iemhSu yels wju ld, iSudjlg jk njg ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'3'17 <ud ujqjrekayg" ;ks ujqjreka yd Tjqka f.a orejkayg i,ik iyhka flfrys jeä wjOdkhla" Tjqka foudmsh újdyhlska f;dr j Wmkafka o hkak ie,lSug ,la lsÍfuka f;drj fhduq lsÍu yd Tjqka iudc wmydihg ,la lsÍu wvq lsÍu i|yd m%h;ak oeÍu¦ Tjqka yg ;u mjq,a ixia:dj iu. u Ôj;a ùug bv i,id §u i|yd .;yels ish¨ l%shdud¾. .ekSu iy ish¨ <ud .eìks uõjrekayg wOHdmkh wLKavj isÿ lsÍu we;=¿j" <ud ujqjrekayg <ud yd udmsh hk whs;sjdislï foj¾.hu iys;ùu ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd l%shdud¾. .ekSu' 6'3'18 úl,am /ljrK ie,iqï hgf;a isák kjfhdjqka orejka" jeäysáhka f,i j.lSï bgq lsÍug iQodkï lsÍu i|yd wmfhdackfha .eg¨" m%ckl fi!LH iy ,sx.sl j iïfma%YKh jk frda. ms,sn| wOHdmksl jevigyka u.ska iún, .ekaùu Èßu;a lsÍu' 6'3'19 ifydaor ifydaoßhka yels ;dla ÿrg tla ia:dkhl /|ùu isÿjk nj ;yjqre lsÍu' fuu hdka;%Kh Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd my; l%shdud¾. fhdackd flf¾' úksiqrejreka oekqj;a lsÍu" úúO /ljrK wdh;khka yS$/ljrK l%uhkays isák ifydaor ifydaoßhka w;r iïnkaO;djh mj;ajd .ekSug myiqlï ie,eiaùu" .eyeKq iy msßñ fomsßfia u ifydaor ifydaoßhka tlg /|ùu i|yd há;, myiqlï jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu" Wmßu hym; i|yd fkdjkafka kï ifydaor ifydaoßhka tlg ;eîu i|yd kj kS;s y÷kajd §u' 6'3'20 úl,am /ljrK l%uh ;=, isák orejka ms,sn| j" <ud /ljrK uOHia:dkhka yS /ln,d .kakka f.a Odß;d ixj¾Okhka isÿ lsÍu' 6'4 ks;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ orejka yd kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejka fuu fldgi jhi wjqreÿ 18g wvq" kS;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ orejka yd kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr .;a ish¨ orejka f.a wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lsÍu yd iïnkaO fõ' orejl= /|jd ;eîug fukau orejd f.a ksoiy wysñ lsßug úl,amhka jYfhka" mjq,a - yd - m%cd mdol fiajd ^mqkre;a;dmkh o we;=¿j& i,ld ne,Su iy orejl= f.a whs;Ska yd ksoyi iqrlaIs; lsÍu fuhg wh;afõ' orejka wêlrK moaO;sh iu. wkjYH f,i iïnkaO ùu je,elaùu i|yd fjk;a l%ufõohla we;s lsÍu fuu.ska i,ld nef,a' 6'4'1 <ud wêlrK wdrlaIdj ms,sn| mk;a flgqïm; iy nd,l hqla;sh ms,sn| mk;a flgqïm; iïu; lr .ekSu läkï lsÍu' 6'4'2 wmrdO wêlrK l%ufhka fjkia jQ l%uhla orejka fjkqfjka ika;;sl j Ndú;d lsÍug iyh ùu i|yd" <ud yd fh!jkhka ms,sn| wd{d mkf;ys" 1979 wxl 15 ork wmrdO kvq úêúOdk ix.%y mkf;a 114 jeks j.ka;sfhys" iy 1988 wxl 72 orK iu: uKav, mkf;ys jQ úl,am oKavkhka Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka úfYaIs; ud¾f.damfoaY ilia lsÍu' 6'4'3 iu: uKav, ld¾hNdrh" orejka úfYaIfhka u iq¿ fidrlï" lÜá mekSï" iq¿ jrolg fjdaokd ,eîu jeks" Ndú;fha fhoúh yels ish¨ wjia:djka i|yd kej; y÷kajd §u' 6'4'4 jir 3la fyda jeä ld,hla i|yd /|jqï ksjdi.; lsÍu fyda iy;sl l, mdie,a.; lsÍu fjkqjg" mßjdi ksfhda.hla yryd m%cdmdol mqkre;a;dmkh ,nd §u i|yd" jrolrejka mßjdi Ndrfha ;eîu ms,sn| wd{d mk; Ndú;d lsÍu Èß .ekaùu' 17 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. 6'4'5 wêlrK l%uh ;=, isák orejka f.a m%.ukh ms,sn| úuis,su;a ùu ioyd;a Tjqka wëlaIKh lsÍu i|yd;a" o;a; moaO;s yd o;a; l,ukdlrK l%u Ndú;h m%j¾Okh lsÍu' 6'4'6 oajdr md,k l%shdj,shka wêlrK moaO;sh olajd jHdma; lsÍu iy kS;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ orejkag wod,j isÿ flfrk we.hSu" wdrlaIK ie,iqï ilia lsÍu" mjq,a iyhka ie,iSu yd iudf,dapk lsÍu ;jÿrg;a Yla;su;a lsÍu' 6'4'7 kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr .;a orejl=yg iqÿiq ia:dk.; lsÍu ms,sn|j we.hSï isÿ lsÍu i|yd nd,l we.hSï uKav,hla msysgq ùu' 6'4'8 orejka ;jÿrg;a laI;shg ,la ùfuka wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd" orejd uqyqK ÿka isÿùu úúO mqoa.,hska bÈßfha kej; kej;;a mejiSug isÿ ùu je,elaùu i|yd mj;sk l%uhka iúu;a lsÍu' 6'4'9 ;u ksjfia § úkaÈ;Ndjhg m;a orejka i|yd m%;sixialrKhka weröu iy orejd f.a wdrlaIdj fukau Ñ;a;dfõ. hymeje;au iy;sl úh yels kï" ksjfia § úkaÈ;Ndjhg m;a orejkayg iqmqreÿ jgmsgdfõu jdih lsÍug bv ie,iajkq msksi" ;u ksjfiau fyda tfia fkdue;s kï {d;s ksjil jdih lsÍug yels Wmßufhka bvlv i,id §u' 6'4'10 úkaÈ;hd jdih lrkq ,nk mßirfha u wmfhdaclhd f.a jdih isÿ fkdùu i|yd" wmrdOlre bka bj;a lsÍug;a" wksjd¾fhka kvq mejÍug;a WoafoaYkhka isÿ lsÍu iy wmrdOlre mjqf,a tlu wdodhï Wmhkakd kï mjq,g uQ,Huh iy /lshduh iyhhka ie,iSug;a WoafoaYkhka isÿ lsÍu' 6'4'11 orejl= wdh;k.; lsÍu wjidk úl,amhla úh hq;=h hk ixl,amh m%j¾Okh lsÍug;a" orejka fjkqfjka úêu;a wêlrK l%shdj,sfhka mßNdysr l%ufõohla Èß.ekaùug yd m%uqL;d.; lsÍug;a" wêlrK fiajd fldñIka iNdj iu. WoafoaYkh lsÍu' 6'4'12 nd,l hqla;sh mi|,Sfï l%shdj,shg we;=,;a jk orejkag wod, kvq ;=ka uilg jrla iudf,dapkh flfrk njg iy;sl ùu iy tu orejkayg úfYaIs; jQ /ljrK ie,iSu i|yd iy;sl l, mdie,a" /|jqï ksjdi yd ksj¾;k ksjdihka" wvq orejka ixLHdjla iys;" md,khg myiq mjq,la jeks l=vd tallhkag fnod fjka lsÍu' 6'4'13 kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr .;a orejka i|yd iy m%cd mdol mqkre;a;dmkh i|yd iqÿiqlï fkd ,o orejka i|yd jQ o~qjï kshu lsÍfï l%shdmámdáh yd mqkre;a;dmk fiajdjka ixfYdaOkh lsÍu iy" o~qjï kshu lsÍfï § wdh;k.; úfYdaOk fiajd i|yd fhduq lsÍu yels;dla ÿrg wju lsÍu iy" jrolrejka jQ ish¨ orejka ms,sn| isoaê iEu ld¾;=jl u iudf,dapkh lsÍu i|yd hdka;%K we;s lsÍu' 6'4'14 kS;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ ish¨ orejka yg m%udKj;a iïm;a iemfhk njg;a" tu orejka úkaÈ;hska njg fyda kej; úkaÈ;hska njg m;a ùfï wjodkï iy.; núka wdrlaId flfrk njg;a ;yjqre ùu' 6'4'15 orejka f.a leue;a;g mgyeksj Tjqka mjqf,ka fjka lsÍfï l%ufõoh" ksis n,Odßhl= úiska wod, kS;s yd l%shdmámdáj,g wkql=, j iy wêlrK iudf,dapkhla hgf;a isÿ flfrk njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'4'16 kS;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ orejka yg fyd| u /ljrK úl,amh iemhSu msksi wêlrKhg" mßjdi ks,OdÍkayg" isoaê l,ukdlrejka" rdcH wdh;khka yS ks,OdÍka iy kS;sh l%shd;aul lrk n,Orhska yg" isoaê l,uKdlrK l%ufõoh wkq.ukh lrñka nyq úIh lKavdhula f,i lghq;= lsÍu i|yd yelshdj we;s lsÍu' 6'4'17 iEu m,d;l u <ud ufyaia;%d;a wêlrK msysgqùu wdrïN lsÍu yd <ud kvq úNd. wjika lsÍu i|yd .kq ,nk ld,h flá lsßu iy orejkag wod, kvq úNd. lsÍfï § mj;sk wêlrK ;=, <ud ñ;=re mßirhla we;s lsÍu' 6'4'18 mjq,l jeks fkajdisl /ljrKh ;djld,sl j ,nd§u wjYH jk úkaÈ;hska njg m;a orejka" <ud jrolrejka jQ orejka iu. tl u ia:dkhl r|jd fkd;nd" fjka fjka j r|jd ;efnk njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'4'19 wêlrK ksfhda.h n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka isák fyda wêlrK ksfhda.hla § we;s fyda orejl=f.a f.!rjh yd wd;au wNsudkh wdrlaId flfrk nj" tu orejd /ljrK iemhSu msksi 18 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. wdrlaIs; ksjdihla fj;" ixl%dka;sl /ljrKhlg fyda mjq,l jeks /ljrKh imhk m%udKfhka l=vd fjk;a fkajdisl /ljrKhlg udre lr heùu isÿ lsÍfï §" w;a wvx.=jg .;a fudfydf;a isg ks, we÷ñka ieriS fkd.;a msßia úiska iqugj yd läkñka lsÍu ;=,ska ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'4'20 orejl= kej; kej;;a úkaÈ;Ndjhg m;a ùfuka wdrlaId lsÍu msksi" kvq úNd. flfrk f;la tu orejka rd;%sh .; lsÍu i|yd fmd,sia ia:dkhl" nd,l ksÍlaIK uOHia:dkhl fyda jeäysá /|jqul ;djld,slj fyda /|jd ;eîfuka je,lS" hdno j msysá rcfha <ore frday,a tallhl fyda wdrlaIs; ia:dkhl r|jd ;eîu' 6'4'21 orejka wêlrKh fj; /f.k tau yd bka msg;g /f.k hEu i|yd <ud ñ;=re m%jdyk myiqlï orejka yg iemfhk njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'4'22 yels wjia:djka ys § meh 24 mqrd újD; lr ;eìh yels wx. iïmQ¾K ;djld,sl ixl%dka;s wdrlaIs; ksjdi m,d;a kjfhys u wod, wêlrKh wi, msysgqùu' 6'4'23 nkaOkd.drh ;=,§ Wm; ,eîu fya;=fjka fyda" isr.; ùu fya;=fjka uj úiska /f.k meñ‚ fyda" isrldßhl f.a jhi wjqreÿ 5g wvq orejl= jdih lrk ia:dkh ;SrKh lsÍug bv m%ia:dj ie,iSu iy orejd uj iu. kj;skafka kï orejka /l n,d .ekSfï fiajdjka yd myiqlï" <ud ñ;=re mßirhl orejd f.a Wmßu hym; i,ld n,ñka imhd fok nj ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'5 orejka mjq,a ixia:dj iu. h,s tla lsÍu yd iudc.; lsÍu' fuu fldgi" wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd ;u mjq,a ixia:dfjka fjka l, orejka iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq lrk w;r" Tjqka mjq, iu. tla lsÍu yd iudc.; lsÍu yels blaukska isÿ lsÍu m<uq b,lalh jYfhka ie,lSfï uQ,O¾uh u; msysgd isà' mjq, iu. h,s tla lsÍfï l%shdj,sh" orejd f.a Wmßu hym; ie,iSfï uQ,O¾uh u; msysgñka isÿúh hq;= jQjls¦ th orejl= ksjiska msg; jQ ;djld,sl /ljrKhl isg uq,a mjq, fj; h,s heùfï l%shdj,shhs' 6'5'1 mjq, iu. h,s tla l,$iudc.; l, orejka yd iïnkaO o;a; .nvdjla kv;a;= lsÍu iy úl,am /ljrKhka f.ka msgj .sh ish¨ orejka f.a m%.;sh jd¾Isl j iudf,dapk lsÍu' 6'5'2 úl,am /ljrKhlg orejl= ,la l, fudfydf;a isgu tu orejd kej; mjq, iu. tla lsÍu l%udKql+, j ie,iqï l, hq;= w;r tu ie,iqï lsÍug" orejd úl,am /ljrKhg ,la lsÍu läkï lsÍug wod, jQ .eg¨" mjq,a b;sydih" iïnkaO;djhka" foudmshka f.a fi!LH ;;a;ajh yd Ñ;a;dfõ. l%shdldÍ;ajh iy m%cd mßirfha WÑ; nj hkdÈh ms,sn| j mQ¾K we.ehSula isÿ lsÍu o we;=,;a úh hq;=h' mjq, iu. h,s tla lsÍu$ iudc.; lsÍu i|yd wdrlaIK ie,iqula ilia l, hq;= w;r tys tla tla orejdg wod, j tla tla md¾Yjfha$ ks,OdÍka f.a j.lSï we;=,;a úh hq;=h' 6'5'3 wdh;k.;j isák orejka mjq,a mßirhg yd iudchg yev .eiSfï .eg¨ wvq lsÍu i|yd Tjqka m%udKj;a f,i iudchg yqre lsÍu yd iudch yd m%cdj iu. wka;¾ iïnkaO;d meje;aùu bvm%ia:dj we;s njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'5'4 orejd mjq, iu. kej; tla lsÍug fmr orejd f.a ksjfiys ta i|yd iQodku yd f.k we;s wdrlaIl mshjrhka we.hSfï l%shdj,sh yd ksfjia-msßlaiSfï ud¾f.damfoaYhka Yla;su;a lsÍu' mjq, iu. kej; tla lsÍfuka miq tys meje;au we.hSug;a úksúoNdjhlska hq;=j ;SrK .ekSug;a by; we.hSïj,g hdj;ald,Sk f;dr;=re we;=,;a lsÍu' 6'5'5 yels hehs yef.k iEu wjia:djl u ie,iqï lsÍfï §" fiajdjka f;dard .ekSfï § yd m%.;sh we.hSfï § orejd f.a mjq, ta i|yd we;=,;a lr .ekSug yd iyNd.S lr .ekSug mshjr .ekSu yd úl,am /ljrK imhkakka úiska nyq-úIh lKavdhul Wmfoia .ksñka" isoaê igyka" we.hSï yd orejd" mjq, iy /ljrK imhkakka f.a woyia i,ld n,ñka" orejka kej; mjq, iu. tla lsÍu i|yd wLKav iQodkï flfrk njg ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'5'6 kej; mjq, iu. tla lsÍfï l%shdj,sfha §" orejd f.a yd mjqf,a ixlS¾K wjYH;d i|yd m%;spdr oelaùug" fhda.H Ñls;ail fiajdjka" wd¾Òl iqNidOkhka iy$fyda úl,am /ljrKhg mdol jQ mjqf,a wjYH;d yd orejd f.a Wmßu hym; ms,sìUq flfrk úúOdldr jQ 19 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. fya;= i|yd wduka;%Kh lsÍï o we;=¿j" WÑ; fiajdjka yd iyhhka iemhSu' 6'5'7 iudc.; lsÍu i|yd iQodkï wkd: orejka f.a bvï yd ksjdi jeks úfYaI wjYH;d i,ld ne,Su yd ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'5'8 mjq, iu. tla ùug leu;s yd w;ay, orejka yg mjq,a fidhd .ekSug yd mjq, iu. tla lsÍug myiqlï iemhSu' 6'5'9 iudc.; lrñka isák orejka yg iyh ùu i|yd m%cdjg oekqj;anj ,nd §u yd iún, .ekaùu ;yjqre lsÍu' 6'5'10 ixl%dka;s l%shdoduhg orejl= yg yev.eiSug Tyq$wehf.a j¾Ok jhi" ffjoH b;sydih" úfYaI wjYH;d" wdrlaIdj" u;=ù tk yelshdjka wdÈh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka" iudc.; lsÍfï l%shdj,sfha § yd bka miqj ksr;=re j wëlaIKh lsÍu iy miq úmrï hdka;%Khka u.ska /ljrK imhkakka yg ixl%dKa;shg myiqlï ie,iSu’ 6'5'11 u;aøjH yd u;ameka weíneysh ms,sn| b;sydihla iys; orejka iudc.; lsÍu" ndysr frda.S mqkre;a:dmkhka yd miq úmrï fiajdjka ,nd foñka myiq lrùu' 6'5'12 jhi wjqreÿ 18 iïmQ¾K jk orejka wdh;ksl /ljrKfhka msg j hEu i|yd iQodkï lsÍu" miq-/ln,d .ekSfï ie,iqï" iujhia lKavdhï cd,hka fj; m%fõYh iy wOHdmkh yd jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj" ksjdi" /lshdjka yS msysgqùu iy ufkdaffjoHuh" ffk;sl yd fi!LH fiajdjka we;=¿j w;sf¾l iyhhka ,nd .ekSu i|yd rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wxYhka yS /ljrK imhkakka yd fiajd imhkakka fj; m%fõYhka iys; j" iudc.; flfrk ld, iSudj ;=, WÑ; uQ,Huh yd Ñ;a;dfõ. iyhhka iy wdndO iys; jQjka yg úfYaI fiajdjka o iys; j flfrk njg ;yjqre ùu' 6'6 kS;s m%;sixialrKhka" m%;sm;a;s ud¾f.damfoaYhka iy wju m%ñ;Ska by< u .=Kd;aufhka hq;a úl,am /ljrK fiajdjla iy úl,am /ljrK imhkakka iy;sl lrkq msksi ld¾h uKav, n|jd .ekSu" mqyqKq lsÍu iy iïm;a ,nd §u we;=¿j fiajd m%ñ;Ska ilia lsÍu i|yd ks¾Kdhl yd wju m%ñ;Ska f.dv ke.Sug ilia l, hq;= yd ia:dmkh l, hq;= kS;s m%;sixialrK" m%;sm;a;s ud¾f.damfoaY iy wju m%ñ;Ska fuu fldgiska olajkq ,nhs' 6'6'1 úl,am /ljrK ia:dkhka we.hSu" wëlaIKh lsÍu yd miq úmrï lsÍu isÿ flfrk njg yd ieu úg u nyq-úIh m%fõYhla wkq.ukh f l f r k n j g ; y j q r e ù u i | y d ud¾f.damfoaYhka f.dv ke.Su' 6'6'2 úl,am /ljrK ie,iqï úêu;a wëlaIKhg ,la lsÍu msksi yd ish¨ úl,am /ljrK ia:dkhkayS m%ñ;Ska l%shdjg kexùu msksi ud¾f.damfoaY iy wëlaIK m%ñ;Ska iudf,dapkh lsÍu" ixfYdaOkh lsÍu yd ieliSu iy tu lghq;a; i|yd m%udKj;a f,i iïm;a fjka lsÍu' 6'6'3 úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sj,g wod, j mj;sk ish¨ kS;s" wju m%ñ;Ska iy ud¾f.damfoaYhka iudf,daphkh lr fuu m%;sm;a;s f,aLKh yd ;=,kh lsÍu iy wjYH ;eka yS §" úfYaIfhka úúO úl,am /ljrK l%u i|yd bv ie,iSug" kj m%ñ;Ska yd ud¾f.damfoaY f.dvke.Su' 6'6'4 ;u orejdyg ksjiska msg; /ljrK ie,iSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk foudmshka iu. m%:ufhka u iïnkaOjk ld¾h uKav,hka yS ish,a,ka i|yd m%udKj;a mqyqKq lsÍï yd iyhhka ,nd §u i|yd udkj yd uQ,H iïm;a fjka lsÍu wëlaIKh lsÍu i|yd ud¾f.damfoaY f.dv ke.Su' 6'6'5 <udrlaIl lghq;= yd iïnkaO wdpdr O¾u iy hy mßphka ms,sn| ud¾f.damfoaY f.dv ke.Su' 6'6'6 orejka yg /ljrKh imhk wdh;khka yS fiajdia: msßia yg rdcH m%;S;kh iys; mqyqKq jevigykla ilia lsÍu yd m%j¾Okh lsÍu' 6'6'7 iudc fiajlhd$ <udrlaIK lghq;=" j;auka rdcH fiajfha jD;a;Shuh ldKavfha fiajl >khla jYfhka ms,s.ekSu i|yd m%dfhda.sl m%;sm;a;s úi÷ï fhdackd lsÍu yd ilia lsÍu' 6'6'8 wod, ish¨ md¾Yjhka f.a mqoa.,sl;ajh yd ryiHnj wdrlaId lsÍfï úêúOdk o we;=,;a j" orejka ms,sn| o;a; moaO;s kv;a;= lsÍu i|yd ud¾f.damfoaY yd m%ñ;Ska f.dv ke.Su' 6'6'9 orejka i|yd /ljrKh imhk wdh;khka yg Tjqka f.a fiajh m%Yia; lsÍu msksi 20 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. . Tjqfkdjqka w;r f;dr;=re yqjudrej yd. cd,.;ùug WmldÍ jk m%;sm;a;s yd.

. . 00 S9.-tnpnv4S A!unuruxoo u ongonpz.

. wdh;ksl rduqj" wëlaIK yd iudf,dapk l%ufõoh 7 jk fldgi fuu ,shú,af,ys jQ m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùï h:d¾:hla njg m;a lsÍu i|yd" fuu m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul lsÍu wëlaIKh lsÍug yd iudf,dapkh lsÍug wdh;ksl rduqjla we;s lsÍu wjYH jkq we;' fuu m%;sm;a;s u.fmkaùï" kS;s yd m%;sm;a;s m%;sixialrKhka f.a isg úfYaIs; ueÈy;alrKhka olajd úys§ we;s neúka" wëlaIKh lsÍfï yd iudf,dapkh lsÍfï j.lSu ork wdh;kh úiska ta i|yd l%shdldÍ ie,eiaula ilia l, hq;= jkq we;' fuu l%shdldÍ ie,eiaug ld, ks¾Khka" j.lSï fn§u" uQ,H yd udkj iïm;a iy wëlaIK ie,iqula we;=,;a úh hq;=h' fuu úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh l%shdjg kexùu wëlaIKh lsÍu i|yd ld¾hidOl n,ldhla fyda Bg iudk jQ by, n,hla iys; wdh;khla msysgúh hq;= njg ks¾foaY flf¾' l%shdldÍ ie,eiau M,odhS whqßka l%shdjg kexfjk nj ;yjqre lr .ekSu i|yd tu ld¾hidOl n,ldh n, .ekaúh hq;= w;r m%udKj;a f,i iïm;a ,nd Èh hq;=h' my; i|yka jkakka ld¾hidOl n,ldhg we;=,;a úh hq;= njg ks¾foaY flf¾( 1' mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;= flduidßiajrhd 2' cd;sl <udrlaIl wêldßfhys iNdm;sjrhd 3' kS;sh yd iduh ms,sn| wud;HdxYhys idudðlfhla 4' ldka;d yd <ud lghq;= ms,sn| wud;HdxYhys idudðlfhla 5' fcHIaG mßjdi ks,Odßfhla 6' m,d;a mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd flduidßiajreka 7' rdcH fkdjk <ud whs;sjdislï$<udrlaIl fiajdjka yS ksfhdað;hska ;sfofkla 8' <ud whs;sjdislï$<udrlaIl fiajdjka ms,sn| miqìula iys; kS;s{jrfhla 7'1 ld¾hidOl n,ldfha j.lSï · úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh l%shdjg kexùu i|yd l%shdldÍ ie,eiau ilia lsÍu' · l%shdldÍ ie,eiau l%shdjg kexùu wëlaIKh lsÍu' · úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh iy l%shdldÍ ie,eiau u.ska y÷kd .kq ,enQ wdldrhg" wod, m%;sm;a;s" kS;s" ud¾f.damfoaY iy m%ñ;Ska y÷kd .ekSu" iudf,dapkh lsÍu iy ixfYdaOkh lsÍu'� · m%;sm;a;sh l%shdjg kexùug wjYH iïm;a ,nd .ekSu i|yd rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;khka iu.ska b,a,Sï bÈßm;a lsÍu'� · úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh ms,sn|j m,d;a yd cd;sl uÜgñka WoafoaYk isÿ lsÍu'� · ksYaÑ; ld,dka;rhlg jrla úl,am /ljrK m%;sm;a;sh iudf,dapkh lr iqÿiq mßÈ ixfYdaOkhka isÿ lsÍu' 23 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. mdßNdYsl fhÿï v WoafoaYkh - hful= wdrlaId lsÍu msksi fyda Tjqka f.a ldrKdj bÈßhg f.k hdu msksi wod, mqoa.,hska iDcqj u ksfhdackh lsÍfï fyda wdrlaId lsÍfï l%shdjhs' � v we.hSu - f;dr;=re tla /ia lsÍu iy" fiajd,dNshd fyda fiajd,dNs l%ufõohlg wod,j we;s .eg¨ iy Yla;Ska iómj msßlaiSfï iy wod, f;dr;=re M,odhS ueÈy;alrKhka ie,iqï lsÍu i|yd" úêu;a fyda wúêu;a ;dlaI‚l fuj,ï yd Ys,aml%u Ndú;d lrñka j¾.lr ilia lsÍfï l%ufõohhs' � v /ljrK imhkakd - orejl= f.a wjYH;d imhd §u isÿlrkq ,nk ksjil isák iajNdúl foudmshka" {d;Ska" i;aldrl udmshka fyda .DyuQ,slhl= we;=¿j" wdh;k.; mßirhl isák orejl= yg wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh imhk mqoa.,hl= fõ'� v orejd - tlai;a cd;Ska f.a <ud wis;sjdislï m%{ma;shg ^ 1jk j.ka;sh& wkql+, j orejd hkq jhi wjqreÿ 18 g wvq ´kE u mqoa.,hl= fõ'� v <ud wdrlaIKh - orejkag tfrys j isÿ flfrk wmfhdackhka" fkdi,ld yeÍï" iQrd lEï yd ysxikhka je,elaùug yd tajdg m%;spdr oelaùu msksi jQ l%shdud¾.hka yd jHQyhkah'� 24 v <ud wmpdr - /ljrK imhkafkl= úiska" Ndrlrejl=" orejl= iïnkaO j.lSu ork mqoa.,hl=" wdh;khla" l%shdj,shla úiska isÿ lrk orejl=f.a fi!LHhg" j¾Okhg ienúkau ydksodhljk fyda ydksodhl úh yels l%shdjka fyda meyer yeÍï iy orejl= wkjYH ú|ùïj,g ksrdjrKh lsÍï iy orejl= yg wdrlaId iys;" kSfrda.Su;a j¾Okhla Tiafia jeäysáhl= njg m;aùug we;s ndOdjkah' v isoaê l,ukdlrKh - fiajd,dNshl= fjkqfjka fyda fiajd,dNS l%ufõohla fjkqfjka we.hSï isÿ lsÍu" ie,iqï ilia lsÍu" wëlaIKh lsÍu iy ueÈy;alrK isÿ lsÍfï" fhduq lsÍfï yd miq úmrï isÿ lsÍfï fiajdjka ie,iSuhs'� v isoaê l,ukdlrejd - fiajd,dNshl= f.a b,lalhka yd wjYH;djhkag wkqrEmj" fiajd,dNshdg imhk fiajdjka wëlaIKh lsÍu yd iïnkaêlrKh lsÍu ld¾hNdrh jQ iudc fiajlhl= f,i idudkHfhka w¾: oelaùu isÿ flf¾' � v ryiHNdjh - jD;a;slhl=" fiajd,dNshl= f.a mQ¾j leue;a;la iys; j muKla Tjqkag wod, f;dr;=re msg;g ,nd §u fyda fjk;a wh iu. yqjudre lr .ekSu isÿ lsÍfï wdpdrO¾uh fõ' v wdh;kyrKh - wdh;k.; fldg isák orejka" m%cdfjys jQ ia:dk fj; ^mjq, o we;=,;aj& uqod yeÍu iy Tjqkayg miq /ljrK ,nd .ekSug fyda iajdëk j Ôj;a ùug myiqlï ie,eiaùuhs'� v oajdr md,kh - orejka mjqf,ka fjka lsÍu je,elaùfï yd kqiqÿiq /ljrKhkag hg;a lsÍfuka je,elaùfï wruq‚ka orejka iy Tjqka f.a mjq,a ksis fiajdjka fj; fyda /ljrKhka fj; fhduq lsÍfï l%shdj,shhs'� v orejka wdh;k.; lsÍu - orejl=yg fyda udkisl frda.S núka hq;= mqoa.,hl=yg /ljrK imhkakd jQ wdh;khka jekakl /ljrKhl ukqIHhl= /|ùuhs' Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. weuqKqï weuqKqu - 1 j¾;udkfha Y%S ,xldfjys olakg yels <ud /ljrKhka wkqu; mdie,a - 2013 jir jk úg Y%S ,xldfjys" wkd: jQ" wirK njg m;a jQ" w;ay, iy wmfhdackhg ,la jQ orejka yg fijk iy ufkdaúoHd;aul yd ldhsl úoHd;aul wdrlaIdj iemhSu i|yd ia:dmkh l, wkqu; mdie,a 2la úh' Y%S ,xldfjys iEu m,d;l u isák orejka i|yd ufkdaidudÔh iyh iemhSfï oeä wjYH;djhla mj;S' wkqu; mdie,aj, wjYH;djh we.hSug ,la lrñka iqÿiq mßÈ m%;sixialrKhka isÿ flfrkq we;' iy;sl l, mdie,a - iy;sl l, mdie,a u.ska we;=,;a l, orejka i|yd l%udKql+, jD;a;sh mqyqKqj ,nd §u isÿ flf¾' we;=,;a lsÍug fya;+ka jkafka fidrlu" foudmshkayg wlSlrelu" u;ameka úlskSu yd Ndú;d lsÍu" wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wjYH ùu" ish Èú kid 1 .ekSug W;aiy lsßu yd fjk;a fya;+ka wdÈhhs' Y%S ,xldfjys fndfyduhla iy;sl l, mdie,a m%udKhg jvd wêl orejka ixLHdjla" m%udKj;a fkdjk ld¾huKav,hla hgf;a ;nd .kq ,nhs' fïjdo mÍlaIdldÍ j we.hSug ,la lr orejkag jvd ys;ldó ia:dkhka njg m%;sjHQy.; flfrkq we;' ksj¾;k ksjdi - jhi wjqreÿ 8 g jeä hdpl orejka" fidrlï lsÍu" u;ameka úlsŒu yd Ndú;d lsÍu" foudmshkag wlSlre ùu iy fjk;a jerÈ i|yd o~qjï kshu l, orejka fukau wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wjYH orejka mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍu yd fijk iemhSu ksj¾;k ksjdi u.ska isÿ lrhs' wêl ;onoh fya;=fjka yd úúO wjYH;d iys; orejka tlg ;eîu¦ ^wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wjYH iuyr orejka kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr .;a orejka iu. r|jd ;eîu& fya;=fjka fndfyduhla ksj¾;k ksjdi mjq,l jeks iajNdjhla fkd.kS' ksj¾;k ksjdi mj;ajd f.k hdfï wjYH;djh we.hSug ,la lsÍu yd tajd jvd;a <ud ñ;=re ia:dkhka njg m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu wdh;kyrK l%shdj,sfha§ w;HjYH jk w;r orejka m%:ufhkau fïjdg we;=¿ lsÍu wvq lsÍu ioyd m%;sixialrKhka f.k tau yd iudc .eg¨ wduKa;%Kh lsÍu w;HjYH fõ' lKavdhï ksjdi - lKavdhï ksjdi orejka 10-15 w;r ixLHdjlg bv i,ik" ;ukag wh;a fkdjk fm!oa.,sl ksjil" ld¾h uKav,fha tla wfhla fyda jeä ixLHdjla úiska úêu;a núka wvq jQ" mjq,l jeks /ljrKhla ,nd fok ia:dk fõ' idudkHfhka fïjdfhys ióm wëlaIKhla wjYH orejka fukau wLKav j m%;sldr wjYH jkakd jQ orejka" wmfhdackhka f.a úkaÈ;hka jQ orejka yd ;on, YdÍßl yd udkisl wdndO iys; orejka jeks" úfYaI wjYH;d iys; orejka r|jd ;eîu isÿ flf¾' tfuka u iqjm;a ùu i|yd úfõl i;aldrhka u.ska i,ik ld,hg jvd jeä ld,hla wjYH orejka yg o" úYd, fkajdisl /ljrKhka yS isg iudc.; lsÍu f;la ixl%dka;s mshjrla jYfhka fhdod .ekSug o lKavdhï ksjdi fhdod .; yelsh' idudkHfhka mjq,l iajNdjh iys; l=vd ksjdihka yS" orejka ;u kHIaál mjq, fyda {d;s fyda l=,jeoa¥ mjq, iu. tla lrk f;la /ln,d .kakd i;aldr udmshka isá;s' orejka /ln,d .kakd i;aldr uõjreka iys; mjq,l iajNdjfhka hq;a úiSula imhk lKavdhï ksjdi lsysmhla Y%S ,xldfjys we;' <ud mqyqKq yd WmfoaYk fiajd uOHia:dkh - fuu uOHia:dkh wmfhdackhka f.a úkaÈ; orejkayg iy kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejkayg /ljrKh imhkq ,nhs' tfukau fuu uOHia:dkh u.ska orejka yg ih uia ld,hla ;=, iudc yd Ñ;a;dfõ. iyhhka fukau jD;a;sh mqyqKq ùï ,nd §u isÿ lrhs' mqoa.,sl fkajdisl ia:dk - Y%S ,xldfjys úúO mqoa.,sl fkajdisl ia:dkhka we;s w;r" tajd ksjiska ÿr neyerj m%d:ñl fyda oaù;shsl wOHdmkh yodrk orejka i|yd wdydr yd kjd;eka imhkq ,nkakd jQ mqoa.,sl ksjdihka fõ' fuu fkajdisl ia:dkhka yS ldur ;ks mqoa., mokug fyda mqoa.,hska lsysm fofkl=yg fyda ,nd fok w;r .dia;= wh lsÍu udisl j isÿ flf¾' we;eï ysñlrejka kjd;eka muKla ,nd fok w;r kjd;eka ,nd .kakka wdydr imhd .ekSu i|yd l%ufõohla fhdod .; hq;=h' Ndr .ekSfï ksjdi - rcfha Ndr .ekSfï ksjdi" w¨; Wmka orejka iy jhi wjqreÿ 5 g wvq orejkayg 25 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. fkajdisl /ljrK imhk ia:dk fõ' fïjd wkd:" w;ay, yd wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wjYH orejkayg /ljrK i,ikq ,nhs' úúO m%foaYhka yS msysgqjd we;s Ndr .ekSfï ksjdi .Kkdjla Y%S ,xldfjys we;' bka fndfyduhl orejka wêl ixLHdjla yd wjYH;djhg jvd wvq ld¾h uKav,hla isák w;r tu fya;=j lrk fldg f.k mjq,l jeks /ljrKhla ie,iSu isÿ fkdfõ' w¨; Wmka ì,s÷ka yd <orejka yg Tjqka f.a uq,a wjêfha § wjOdkh yd /ljrKh ;ks ;ks j wjYH jk neúka" Ndr.ekSfï ksjdi ióm we.hSulg ,la fldg mjq,l jeks mßir ;;a;aj iys; <ud ñ;=re ia:dk njg m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu isÿ flfrkq we;' /|jqï ksjdi - /|jqï ksjdi" ksj¾;k ksjdi úfYaIhla jk w;r" orejkag wod, kvq wêlrKfhys úNd. flfrk w;r;=r kj;d ;eîu i|yd msysgqjd we;' fïjdfhys r|jd .ekSu isÿ flfrkqfha ñkS ueÍu i|yd iel lsÍu" ñkS ueÍug ;e;a lsÍu" .sks ;eîu" wmfhdack úkaÈ;hska yd ,sx.sl ysßyer j,g ,la jQ orejka" fidrlu" l,y lsßu" wlSlrelu" whdf,a ießieÍu" w;yer hEu" u;amdka yd u;a øjH Ndú;h" Y%ñl;ajh" jeäÿr úu¾Yk isÿ lsÍu jeks fya;=j,g wod, orejkah' oekg fuu ksjdij, mjq,l jeks mßirhla fkdue;s neúka /|jqï ksjdi o m%;sixialrKh lsÍu yd m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu isÿ flfrkq we;' úfõl i;aldr - úfõl i;aldrhka mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nkafka YdÍßl wdndOhka iy udkisl yd fjk;a ;on, fi!LHuh wjYH;djhka jeks ixlS¾K wjYH;d iys; orejka i|ydh' we;eï úfõl i;aldrhka Èjd ld,fhys l%shd;aul jk w;r foudmshka$Ndrlrejka ish orejka wer,ùu isÿ lrhs' wfkl=;a úfõl i;aldrhka flá ld,hla i|yd jk w;r orejkayg ffjoH" Ñ;a;dfõ. iy idudÔh iyhhka ,nd fohs' fïjdfhys WmfoaYkh" l:kh" ufkdaffjoH yd fN!;sl Ñls;aidj jeks úúO lafIa;%hka yS Ñls;ail m%;sl¾u ,nd foa' Y%S ,xldfjys úfõl i;aldrhka iq¿ ixLHdjla we;s w;r ta i|yd we;s wjYH;djh w;suy;ah' wdrlaIs; ksjdi - wdrlaIs; ksjdi wêlrK ;Skaÿj ,nd §ug we;s orejka i|yd kjd;ekla o irK;a o jk w;r Y%S ,xldfjys fndfyduhla wdrlaIs; ksjdi rch u.ska mj;ajd f.k ,nk tajd fjhs' we;eï wdrlaIs; ksjdi orejdg iy orejdf.a uj hk fofokdg u fijk i,ik w;r we;eï ujqjreka ;ju;a <uhskah' <ud uõjreka <ud ksjdihlg udre flfrk f;la fyda l=,joaod .ekSula isÿ jk ;=re Tjqkayg jD;a;sh mqyqKqj iy wOHdmkh ,nd §u fïjdfhys isÿ flfrk w;r" foudmshka fjk;a újdy isÿ lr .ekSu" wmrdOlre ;u ksjfiys u wfhla ùu fya;=fjka wdrlaIdj iïnkaO .eg¨" iudc wmlS¾;sh iy .eryqï fya;=fjka fndfyduhla <ud uõjreka ;uka mÈxÑ j isá m%foaYhg kej; mÈxÑhg fkdhhs' wdrlaIs; ksjdihka yS wjYH;djh ms,s.ksñka oekg mj;sk wdrlaIs; ksjdihka o we.hSug ,la lr m%;sjHQy.; lrkq we;' iafõÉPd ksjdi - oßø;djh" wmfhdackhg ,laùu" fkdi,ld yeÍu" wkd:nj iy mjq,a wix.;sh jeks úúO fya;= lrk fldg f.k kjd;ekl wjYH;djh we;s jhi wjqreÿ 5 g jeä orejkayg iafõÉPd ksjdihka yS bv ie,iSu isÿ flf¾' Y%S ,xldfjys <ud /ljrK wdh;khka f.ka nyq;rhla iafõÉPd ksjdihka jk w;r" rdcH fkdjk md¾Yjlrejka úiska mj;akd f.k hkq ,nk w;r mßjdi yd <ud rlaIl fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=fõ u.ska wëlaIKh flf¾' wêl ;onoh yd ld¾h uKav,h wvq ùu fya;=fjka Ndr .ekSfï ksjdi f,iska u Y%S ,xldfjys we;s fndfyduhla iafõÉPd ksjdihka o mjq,a mßirh n÷ iajNdjhla fkd.kS' wdh;kyrK l%shdj,sfha § fïjd m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu o w;HjYH l¾;jHhla j mj;S’ weuqKqu - 2 ffk;sl rduqj wjodkï iy.; orejka yd wjodkï iy.; ;;a;ajhg m;a úh yels orejka i|yd fndfyda cd;sl ffk;sl wdrlaIK hdka;%Khka Y%S ,xld wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjys" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a <ud whs;sjdislï ms,sn| iïuq;sfhys¦ 1939 <uqka yd fh!jkhka ms,sn| wd{d mkf;ys¦ 1941 wk;aore ksjdi wd{d mkf;ys¦ 1949 wxl 24 orK orelug yodjvd .ekSfï wd{d mkf;ys¦ 1998 wxl 50 orK cd;sl <ud wdrlaIl wêldß mkf;ys¦ 2003 wdndê;Ndjh ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;sfhys iy 2005 wxl 16 orK iqkdñ ^úfYaI úêúOdk& mkf;ys we;=,;a fldg we;' rcfhys wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh wjYH <uqkag wod, úêúOdk we;=,;a <ud ^wêlrK wdrlaIK& mk;a flgqïm; o rch úiska flgqïm;a lr we;' wdKavql%u jHjia:dj orejka iy mjq,a wdrlaId lr .ekSfï jeo.;alu ms<sf.k we;' tys iv jk mßÉfþoh 26 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. jk rdcH m%;sm;a;sh fufyhùfï uQ,O¾u iy uQ,sl hq;=lï hgf;a orejka i|yd úêúOdk rdYshla we;=,;a fldg we;¦ tys 27^12& fufyhùfï uQ,O¾uh hgf;a —mjq," iudcfha uQ,sl tallh jYfhka rch úiska ms<sf.k wdrlaId l< hq;af;a h˜hkqfjka i|yka lrk w;r —<uhska iy fh!jkhka ldhsl jYfhka" udkisl jYfhka" iodpdrd;aul jYfhka" wd.ñl jYfhka yd idudðl jYfhka mQ¾K j¾Okhg m;ajk njg j.n,d .ekSug;a" Tjqka wd;aud¾:h ms‚i fhdod .kq ,eîfuka iy fjkialï j,g md;% lrkq ,eîfuka wdrlaId lr .ekSug;a yels jk mßÈ Tjqkaf.a iqN isoaêh rch úiska úfYaI mßY%uhlska hq;=j j¾Okh l< hq;af;a h'˜ hkqfjka 27^13& fufyhùfï uQ,O¾uh hgf;a i|yka fõ' —m%udKj;a wdydrmdk" we÷ï me<÷ï iy ksjdi o" Ôjk ;;a;ajfhys ksrka;r j¾Okh o"úfõlh iy iudchSh yd ixialD;sl mQ¾K jYfhka N=la;s ú| ksis mßÈ m%fhdackhg .ekSu o we;=¿j m%udKj;a Ôjk uÜgula ish¨ mqrjeishka úiska ;ukag iy ;u mjq,aj, idudðlhkag w;alr §u˜ tys 27^2& jk fufyhùfï uQ,O¾uh i|yka lrhs' wdKavql%u jHjia:dj tys vi jk mßÉfþofha 27^15& jk uQ,O¾u j.ka;sfhka wka;¾cd;sl kS;s iy .súiqïj,g tlÕ;dj m%ldY lrñka —cd;Hka;r iduh" iqrlaIs; Ndjh yd iyfhda.s;dj j¾Okh lsÍu o" cd;Ska w;r lghq;= j, § cd;Hka;r kS;sh iy .súi.;a ne¢ï flfrys f.!rjh we;s lsÍug W;aidy lsÍu o O¾ñIaG yd idOdrK cd;Hka;r wd¾Ól yd iudc l%uhla we;s lsÍug W;aidy lsÍu o rch úiska l< hq;af;a h'ZZ hkqfjka m%ldY lrhs' Y%S ,xldj <ud whs;sjdislï iïuq;sh wmrdkqu; lr we;' mjq,a tallhl mßirh wdrlaId lsÍfï jeo.;alu iy orejdg úfYaIs; /ljrKhla ,nd §u iïnkaOfhka jQ nyqúO j.ka;s <ud ysñlï iïuq;sfha m%ia:djkdfõ we;=<;a fldg we;' Y%S ,xldfõ <uqka i|yd jk cd;sl l%shdldÍ ie,eiau ^2016-2020& <uqka i|yd oekg mj;akd rcfha m%Odk l%fudamdhsl f,aLkh jk w;r thg ud¾f.damfoaYl;ajh imhd we;af;a <ud ysñlï ms<sn| iïuq;sh iy 1992 Y%S ,xld <ud whs;sjdislï m%{ma;sh u.sks' <ud ysxikh ksud lsÍfï f.da,Sh iduQysl;ajh hgf;a l%shd lrk rgj,a w;ßka Y%S ,xldj o mqfrda.dó rgla jk w;r fuu.ska ;srir ixj¾Ok b,lal wxl 16'2 idlaId;a lr .ekSfï rfÜ wfmalaIdjg rel=,la iemfha' fuu l%shdfõ wruqK jkafka" Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl yd wka;¾cd;sl ne|ïj,g wkqj" ish¨u orejkag ysñlï yd wdrlaIdj ,nd§fï cd;sl yd m<d;a m%h;ak i|yd ud¾f.damfoaYhka ,nd §uh' <uqkaf.a mQ¾K ixj¾Okh ;yjqre jk mßÈ iy Tjqka i;= iqúfYaI yelshdjka yd l=i,;djka ixj¾Okh lr.ekSug bvlv ie,fik mßÈ" ish¨ <uqkaf.a whs;sjdislï wdrlaId lrñka Tjqkaf.a j¾Okhg yd ixj¾Okhg iqÿiq" iqrlaIs; iy ta i|yd WmldÍ jk mßirhla ks¾udKh lsÍu fuu l%shdldÍ ie,eiafï wruqKhs' kS;sh iu. iïnkaO jQ orejka yd kS;sh iu. .egqï we;s lr.;a orejka i|yd fndfyda úl,am /ljrK l%u <ud yd fh!jkhka ms<sn| wd{d mkf;ys wka;¾.; fldg we;' tys <ud Widú msysgqùu i|yd;a" <ud jrolrejka wëlaIKh lsÍu i|yd;a" wmfhdackhg yd iQrdlEug ,la jQ <ud yd ;reK úkaÈ;hska wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd;a úêúOdk i,id we;' wxl 50 ork cd;sl <ud rlaIl wêldÍ mk; 1998 jif¾ § mkjk ,o w;r" tu.ska <ud wmpdr je,elaùu" wmpdrj, úkaÈ;hska yg m%;sldr lsÍu yd wëlaIK lghq;= i|yd cd;sl <ud rlaIl wêldßh msysgqjk ,È' tu mkf;ys 14 ^ta& j.ka;sh u.ska wmrdO ms,sn| úu¾Ykhkag n÷ka j isák orejka f.a iy wmrdO kvq lghq;=j,g n÷ka j isák orejka f.a wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh i|yd wjYH mshjr .ekSfï n,h cd;sl <ud rlaIl wêldßhg ,nd fohs' wjodkï ;;a;ajhka hgf;a isák orejkag wod, kS;s" m%;sm;a;s iy mßmd,k pl%f,aL Y%S ,xldfjys fndfyda we;;a mj;sk m%;sm;a;s rduqj, fuka u tajd l%shdjg kexùfï o wvqmdvq mj;S' foudmsh /ljrKfhka neyer j úl,am /ljrKhka yS isák orejka f.a /ljrKh yd wdrlaIdj iïnkaOfhka fndfyduhla uÜgïj, § úfYaIfhka u kS;s j, ixfYdaOkhka isÿ lsÍu wjYH fõ' <ud wdrlaIdj ms,sn| úIh" úl,am /ljrKh yd fndfyda fihska w;smsys; fõ' orejka iu. lghq;= lsÍu ie,lSfï §" Y%S ,xldfjys wud;HdxY yd rdcH fomd¾;fïka;= .Kkdjla we;s w;r bka fndfyduhl ld¾hNdrhka w;smsys; fõ' <ud wdrlaIdj yd /ljrKh i|yd Y%S ,xldj j¾;udkfha nyq wdxYsl m%fõYhla wkq.ukh lrk kuq;a fomd¾;fïka;= w;r we;s iyfhda.S;ajh ;jÿrg;a by< kexùu b;d wjYH fõ' orejka i|yd úl,am /ljrK ie,iSu ms,sn| jQ fuu m%;sm;a;sh u.ska fuu úúO jQ ld¾hNdrhka ie,ls,a,g 27 Y%S ,xldfõ orejka i|yd jk úl,am /ljrK cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh.

. . ,lalrñka mßmQ¾K m%;sm;a;s úêúOdkhka bÈßm;a lr.

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