PowerPoint

[Audio] SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AFTER THE MARCOS REGIME.

[Audio] In 1986, when Corazon Aquino was the president, she changed the National Science and Technology Authority to the Department of Science and Technology. This move gave science and technology a voice in the government's decision-making. In the plan for the years 1987–1992, they emphasized how important science and technology were for helping the economy recover and grow. In 1990, during Corazon Aquino's speech, she stated that developing science and technology would be one of the government's top three goals for getting the economy back on track. On August 8, 1988, Corazon Aquino made the Presidential Task Force for Science and Technology. They made the first Science and Technology Master Plan, aiming for the Philippines to become a newly industrialized country by 2000. However, in Congress, there wasn't much focus on dealing with laws about science and technology. The Senate Committee on Science and Technology discussed very few bills compared to other committees..

[Audio] Ceferin Follosco, the former Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), mentioned that in 1989, the budget for science and technology increased to 1.054 billion pesos from the previous year's 464 million pesos. However, due to the Asian financial crisis, the budgets for 1990 and 1991 were reduced to 920 and 854 million pesos respectively. There was an increase in the budget to 1.7 billion pesos in 1992. During Corazon Aquino's presidency, she motivated scientists and inventors to elevate the Philippines to its former status as second only to Japan in the field of science and technology. One of her administration's goals was to make the country an industrialized nation by 2000. Aquino emphasized the need for a stronger collaboration between the private research sector and public research to accelerate progress in Philippine Research and Development..

[Audio] Fidel V. Ramos believed that science and technology could help the Philippines become a newly industrialized country (NIC). During his presidency, he implemented important programs in the field of science and technology. In 1993, the Science and Technology Agenda for National Development (STAND) was established, focusing on priorities like exporting products identified by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), meeting domestic needs outlined by the President's Council for Countryside Development, supporting industries, and developing the coconut industry. During Ramos' term, Congress passed significant laws related to science and technology, including the Magna Carta for Science and Technology Personnel (Republic Act No. 8439), the Science and Technology Scholarship Law of 1994 (Republic Act No. 7687), and the Inventors and Inventions Incentives Act (Republic Act No. 7459). Additionally, the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (Republic Act No. 8293) was enacted, providing regulations for industrial property rights, copyrights, related rights, and technology transfer arrangements..

[Audio] During President Joseph Estrada's term, he signed two significant legislations: the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 (Republic Act No. 8749) aimed at protecting the environment and ensuring sustainable development, and the Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 (Republic Act No. 8792) which prohibited computer hacking and promoted new businesses emerging from the Internet-driven New Economy. In his first State of the Nation Address, President Estrada initiated a program focused on cost-effective irrigation technologies and declared an end to dole-outs. Instead, he emphasized providing basic health care, nutrition, and education for those who wanted it but couldn't afford it. He also announced the acceleration of the establishment of one science high school in every province. In his second State of the Nation Address, President Estrada highlighted the passage of the Clean Air Act and the decision to pursue a 15-year modernization program for the Armed Forces of the Philippines. In his final State of the Nation Address, he advocated for the advancement of industries and schools into the Internet age and announced the passage of the e-Commerce Act..

[Audio] During Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo's administration, the science and technology sector in the Philippines was hailed as the "golden age" by Secretary Estrella Albastro. This period saw the implementation of various laws and projects focusing on the environment and science, aiming to leverage technology as a tool to boost the country's economic standing and benefit the less privileged. The term "Filipinnovation" was coined to emphasize the Philippines' aspiration to become an innovation hub in Asia. Efforts were made to enhance Science, Technology, and Innovations (STI) by strengthening educational institutions like the Philippine Science High School (PSHS), which emphasized science, technology, and mathematics in its curriculum. Private sector involvement in school development through events and sponsorships was also encouraged, aiming to cultivate future Filipino scientists and innovators. Environmental concerns were a priority, leading to the passage of R.A. 9367 or the "Biofuels" Act, promoting the development and use of biofuels as a cleaner and potentially cheaper alternative to gasoline. Despite challenges like the lack of raw materials, efforts were made to implement the law fully. Drought-resistant rice was also promoted to enable farmers to continue rice production despite environmental hazards..

[Audio] To enhance efficiency in agriculture and fisheries, the government implemented Republic Act 10601, which focuses on the mechanization of the Agriculture and Fisheries Sector (AFMech). This law covers research, development, and extension, as well as the promotion, distribution, and regulation of agricultural and fisheries machinery and equipment. By 2023, the Philippines ranked 56th on the Global Innovation Index, reflecting the positive strides made in fostering innovation and technological advancement during this period..