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Rysa  Lee Ann  Ocariza -Salendab Presenter

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adjectives and adverbs that  shouldn't be compared or modified  because they have an   absolute ,       all-or-nothing quality .

complete and total  : not limited in any way :  having unlimited power.

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For example, the word  perfect  means  'having no room for improvement ’ 100% 	very perfect  all, none, must, except, every, not, always, just, only, never ,  complete ,  perfect ,  final ,  total , and (often)  unique .

The word  unique  is an  absolute modifier  when used in the sense of being  'one-of-a-kind'  or ' the one and only.'   	 Ex.  Lady Gaga is  unique.

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Unique  means "one of a kind." Therefore,  comparatives,   superlatives,  and words like  very, so,  or  extremely   should not be used  to modify it . If it is one of a kind, it cannot be compared! Incorrect:  He  has  a very unique personality. Correct:  He  has  a unique personality.

This  same logic applies to other words which reflect some kind of absolute:  absolute, overwhelmed, straight, opposite, right, dead, entirely, eternal, fatal, final, identical, infinite, mortal, opposite, perfect, immortal, finite, or irrevocable.

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In  most cases they cannot be modified by  very  and similar words, nor can they be used in comparisons.

Many times there is a similar word which is not absolute. For example, instead of using the word  unique  in the above example use a similar word that is not absolute .

Incorrect:  He has a more unique personality than Marie. Correct:  He has a more distinctive personality than Marie.

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It combines  a noun and a participle. Modifiers and/or objects may be present to complete the thought . An  absolute  phrase   modifies   an entire clause  instead of just a noun or pronoun within a clause.  Acts as an adverb to modify the whole clause; answers when, why 	or how.

The phrase follows this pattern:  NOUN  +  PARTICIPLE  +  OPTIONAL MODIFIER(S) AND/OR OBJECT(S)

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Present participles end in  - ing   ( opening, closing, shutting ); most past participles end in  - ed , although  some are  irregular.  2. A  participial phrase  may consists  of a  participle with  a helping verb ( having opened ; being  		 shut ).  		3 . An absolute phrase modifies  the whole  clause. 		4. It is set of by  a comma.

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Noun 	    Pa  P Phrase  	    		Noun  Phrase       Pr  P Absolute phrases:  school having closed;  		a  new store  opening

The phrase follows this pattern:  NOUN   +  PARTICIPLE  +  OPTIONAL MODIFIER(S) AND/OR OBJECT(S)

Sample sentences:  The  kids went to the beach,  school having closed. A new store opening , we decided to go into town . Her arms folded across her chest , Professor Hill warned the class about the penalties of plagiarism.

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Read  these examples:  Legs quivering  Legs  = noun ;  quivering  = participle . 		Sentence:   Legs quivering, our old dog Gizmo dreamed  of				  chasing squirrels . 		(Legs  quivering describes not only Gizmo but also  	 		his manner of sleep.)

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Their  fingers scraping the leftover frosting off the plates  Fingers  = noun ;  scraping  = participle ;  frosting  = direct object;  their ,  the ,  leftover ,  off the plates  = modifiers.  		Sentence: The  family devoured Aunt Lenora's carrot cake, their  				fingers  scraping the leftover frosting from the  plates

( Their fingers scraping the leftover frosting from the plates lets us imagine this one family and the degree of their hunger.)

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1.  The  play having begun ,  we crept quietly to our seats.

Exercises: Locate the Absolute Phrase in each sentence.

2 .  The chocolate cake baked, Mrs.  Patruni  turned to the decorations .

The   chocolate cake   baked , Mrs.  Patruni  turned to the decorations .

The   play   having begun ,  we crept quietly to our seats.

3 . The refugees can return from the mountains, the war finally ending .

The  refugees can return from the mountains,  the   war   finally   ending .

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4. The judges went home, the prizes having been awarded .

5. Sandra Cisneros began her second book, the first one having been published.

The  judges went home,  the   prizes   having been awarded .

Sandra  Cisneros began her second book,  	the   first one   having been published.

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let's atyandpa
correct punctuation can
save a person •s life.

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http://snarkygrammarguide.blogspot.com/2010/09/absolute-modifiers-meaning-of-unique.html

PowerPoint Presentation

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 Unique  means "one of a kind." Therefore,  comparatives,   superlatives,  and words like  very, so,  or  extremely   should not be used  to modify it . If it is one of a kind, it cannot be compared! Incorrect:  He  has  a very unique personality. Correct:  He  has  a unique personality.

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 http://snarkygrammarguide.blogspot.com/2010/09/absolute-modifiers-meaning-of-unique.html

PowerPoint Presentation

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