Presentation f

H. G.

[Audio] Hello friends, Today we will discuss about antianginal drugs..

[Audio] But first do you know about angina pectoris? Angina pectoris is basically a major symptom of ischemic heart disease which is caused by reduced blood flow leading to imbalance oxygen supply. Angina occurs when the hearts oxygen demand is greater then oxygen supply..

[Audio] Angina pectoris has three patterns. Stable angina, unstable angina and resting angina..

[Audio] Stable angina: Stable angina is the most common form of angina. It is also called typical angina. It is usually characterized by Short-lasting burning heavy and squeezing feeling in chest. It is caused by the reduction of coronary perfusion due to fined obstruction of a coronary artery. The second one is unstable angina: In unstable angina, chest pain occurs with increased frequency, duration and intensity. Any episode of angina longer then 20 minutes or even sudden development of shortness of breath is suggestive of unstable angina. The last one is Resting angina: Resting angina is an uncommon pattern of episode angina, symptoms are caused by decreased blood flow to the heart muscles, It occurs at rest and is due to coronary arty spam..

[Audio] In this lecture we will discuss antianginal drugs, treatment strategies, types, mechanism of action and adverse..

[Audio] How antianginal drugs works? Antianginal aim to dilate coronary blood vessels which leads to increase blood flow which causes increase in oxygen supply. Antianginal drugs also reduce hearts workload to reduce oxygen demand.

[Audio] There are three types of antianginal drugs: beta-blockers Calcium channel blockers. Nitrates.

[Audio] Beta-blockers: Atenolol Bisoprolol Metoprolol Propranolol.

[Audio] Mechanism of action: Beta block reduce oxygen demand by blocking beta receptors, resulting in decrease in heart rate, contractility, cardiac output and blood pressure..

[Audio] Side effects of beta blocker: Most common side effects of beta blockers are: Bradycardia Hypotension Fatigue Lethargy Insomnia.

[Audio] The second one is calcium channel blockers. Calcium channel blockers are vasodilators that inhabit calcium channel in arterial smooth muscle causing relaxation and vasodilation Two types of calcium channel blockers are used Dihydropyridine also called amlodipine Non dihydropyridine also called verapamil.

[Audio] Side effects of calcium channel blockers: Flushing Dizziness Headache Hypotension These are caused by decrease in blood pressure..

[Audio] And the third one is organic nitrate Organic nitrate relax vascular smooth muscles by their intracellular conversion to nitrate to nitrate oxide which activates guanylate cyclase and increase the cells, cyclic guanosine monophosphate that ultimately leads to dephosphorylation of the myosin light chain resulting in vascular smooth muscle relaxation.

[Audio] There are two types of nitrate Number one short acting nitrates for example glyceryl trinitrate Glyceryl trinitrate acts for about 30 minuts.

[Audio] Second type of nitrate is long acting nitrates for example Isosorbide dinitrate. Isosorbide dinitrates are effective for several hours.

[Audio] Adverse effects of nitrates. Most common side effect is headache which is caused by arterial dilatation produced by nitrates. Other side effects are postural hypotension, facial flushing, Tachycardia..