Class-X Chapter-Nutrition Topic-Introduction, Autotrophic nutrition

[Audio] (1)The topics that I would like to discuss today are nutrition(1) and autotrophic nutrition(2)..

[Audio] Before going into the lesson, let us know the learning Objectives of the topics. By the end of this class, you will learn (1,2) What is nutrition? Why is it important?(3) Who needs food and why?(4) What is the Food of different organisms?(5) What is the Mode of acquiring food in different organisms-including autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition and in that we will learn (6) What are Autotrophs? How do they get their food?(7) How do plants carry out their life processes?(8) Autotrophic nutrition.(9).

[Audio] Students, before discussing about the topics, first, let us know what is nutrition and why is it important?.

[Audio] So, What is nutrition? (1) We already know that fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals and carbohydrates are the nutrients we get from the food we eat.(2) Nutrition is the process of obtaining nutrients through food and utilising it to the body which means that nutrition also deals with not only obtaining food but also how it gets utilised into the body.(3).

[Audio] The next question is 'Who needs food'?(1) What will be your answer? Well we all know that all living organisms need food.(2) Living organisms include human beings, Plants and animals.(3) Students, you have learnt all these points in your previous classes right? Yes, now lets recollect them once again..

[Audio] Secondly, Let's recall 'Why do we need food'? (1) Food is needed by all living organisms mainly for growth and repair. (2).

[Audio] Second importance of food is that it helps in repair of worn out tissues. (1) When ever we get hurt, we suffer with wounds right children? But they get healed in few days, how it happens? (2) Proteins and vitamin C plays a unique role to heal wounds. (3).

[Audio] (1,2,3,4) Food also plays a key role in maintaining constant body temperature irrespective of the changes in the weather whether it is hot or cool. Drinking more fluids and consuming certain cooling foods help to hydrate muscles and skin to maintain a safe internal body temperature..

[Audio] Now let us discuss about food of organisms. In this picture, you can differentiate between amoeba and human being.(1,2,3,4) Amoeba is a unicellular organism and human being is a multicellular organism. A variety of substances are taken as food by every organism ranging from single cellular organisms like amoeba to the complex multicellular organisms like the human body. (5) For example food of amoeba include algae, bacteria, etc and we the human beings consume wide varieties of foods like fruits, vegetables, pulses, etc. Thus, we can say that food of organisms is different..

[Audio] Students, let us know discuss about the mode of acquiring food which means the method of obtaining food in different organisms.(1) The mode of acquiring food varies from organism to organism. You have studied in the previous classes about how different organisms get their food. (2) There are two modes of nutrition namely Autotrophic and Heterotrophic. (3).

[Audio] Now, let's discuss about the first mode of nutrition that is autotrophic nutrition. (1) From our childhood, we know that Autotrophs are the organisms capable of using light energy to synthesise chemical compounds. What is this process called children, yes this process is called as photosynthesis. (2) In this figure, you can examine the process of photosynthesis and how a plant is acquiring the materials needed to prepare food.(3).

[Audio] Lets go deep into this particular topic like how plants get the required materials to prepare food?(1) (2,3) Now, I will ask you a question. What do we need to do work? Yes, we need energy. How do we get energy? Form the food we eat. Right. In the same way, Plants also need energy to prepare food material and this energy comes form sunlight..

[Audio] They acquire nutrients like mineral salts and water from the soil and through the roots they are absorbed and supplied to the plant.(1,2).

[Audio] Plants get necessary gases like carbon dioxide from the air..

[Audio] Now look at the equation carefully children. This equation explains that plants are capable of using simple substances like sunlight, water, minerals and carbon dioxide to produce complex compounds like carbohydrates, proteins and lipids or fats. These compounds produced by autotrophic plants are utilized for providing energy to most of the living organisms and all animals including human beings..

[Audio] Children, How is it possible to energy from plants? it is possible because, most of the food we eat is obtained from plants like grains, pulses, fruits and vegetables.(1,2,3,4,5).

[Audio] Similarly, if we depend on animal products, interestingly they also depend on plants for their food. (1) For example, if we consume animal foods like meat and chicken that comes from goat and hen depend on plants for their food. You can see in the image that goat depends on plant for food and hens too depend on plant products as their food like corn, peas, etc. (2,3).

[Audio] Scientists have been working for centuries to find out how plants carry out these life processes..

[Audio] Let us now know what are life processes? Life processes are the processes that helps an organism to live. In plants, the life processes include movement-like opening and closing of flowers, next life process is that plants respire like humans and animals by taking oxygen and release carbon dioxide, next one is plants show sensitivity where plants move to touch like in touch me not plant, next is that plants show growth, reproduce in different ways through seeds, spores and other parts of plant, the next one is plants excrete substances in the form of gum, resins, etc, and the last one include nutrition where plants prepare food material by the process of photosynthesis. All these are considered as life processes..

[Audio] Now, students guess which life process is called as "The universal food providers"? Yes, among all life processes, the process of photosynthesis makes plants "the universal food providers" for all living organisms..

[Audio] Students, in your earlier classes, you have studied about photosynthesis. (1)If we see the history of photosynthesis, Von Helmont and other scientists believed that plants get their food material not only from soil but also from other sources.(2).

[Audio] What are the raw materials required for photosynthesis children? Yes, the Raw materials needed for photosynthesis are sunlight, water and carbon dioxide and the end products of photosynthesis are glucose, water and oxygen..

[Audio] Ok students lets end our discussion here and recapitulate what we learnt today. Nutrition is the process of obtaining nutrients through food and utilising it to the body. Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are the nutrients we get from the food we eat. All living organisms need food for growth and repair. Food also plays a key role in maintaining constant body temperature irrespective of the changes in weather. A variety of substances are taken as food by every organisms from single cellular organisms like amoeba to the complex multicellular organisms like human being..

[Audio] There are two modes of nutrition namely Autotrophic and Heterotrophic. Through photosynthesis, produce complex compounds like carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Among all life processes, photosynthesis makes plants 'the universal food providers' for all living organisms. Raw materials needed for photosynthesis are sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide and the end products of photosynthesis are glucose, water and oxygen..

[Audio] Students, you can practice the questions given in previous examinations from exam corner section..

[Audio] Multiple choice questions related to the topics discussed today were provided in the practice book to get grip during the examinations..

[Audio] Hope you enjoyed the class, see you in the next video with another interesting topic..