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Air pollution  is one of the biggest threats for the environment and affects everyone: humans, animals, crops, cities, forests, aquatic ecosystems ... Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air, water, and land. Many things that are useful to people produce pollution. Cars spew pollutants from their exhaust pipes. Burning coal to create electricity pollutes the air. Industries and homes generate garbage and sewage that can pollute the land and water. Pesticides—chemical poisons used to kill weeds and insects—seep into waterways and harm wildlife . Sometimes, air pollution is visible. A person can see dark smoke pour from the exhaust pipes of large trucks or factories, for example. More often, however, air pollution is invisible. Polluted air can be dangerous, even if the pollutants are invisible. It can make people’s eyes burn and make them have difficulty breathing. It can also increase the risk of lung cancer.

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Agricultural Activities The Burning of Fossil Fuels Waste in Landfills Indoor Air Pollution

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Ammonia is a very common byproduct of agriculture-related activities and is one of the most hazardous gases in the atmosphere. The use of insecticides, pesticides, and fertilizers in agricultural activities has grown quite a lot. They emit harmful chemicals into the air and can also cause  water pollution . Farmers also set the field and old crops on fire in order to keep them clean for the next round of sowing. The burning to clean fields is said to cause pollution by releasing harmful gases in the air.

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Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion of  fossil fuels  like coal, petroleum for energy in power plants, and other factory combustibles is one the major cause of air pollution.  Billions of vehicles run on roads are powered by gasoline and diesel engines that burn petroleum for releasing energy. Petroleum is made up of hydrocarbons, and engines don’t burn them cleanly. But, their overuse is  killing our environment  as dangerous gases are polluting the atmosphere. Carbon Monoxide caused by improper or incomplete combustion and generally emitted from vehicles is another major pollutant along with Nitrogen Oxides, that is produced from both  natural  and man-made processes .  As per the  World Health Organization  (WHO), exposure to outdoor air pollution contributes to as much as 0.6 to 1.4 percent of the burden of disease and 4.2 million deaths every year.

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Landfills are land areas in which waste is deposited or buried. These deposited or buried wastes generate methane. Methane is a major greenhouse gas that is highly flammable and very hazardous.   E-waste is another grave concern involving a lot of unscientific  dismantlings  such as chemical leaching, burning wires and others.

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Household  cleaning products , painting supplies emit toxic chemicals in the air and cause air pollution. Have you ever noticed that once you paint the walls of your house, it creates some sort of smell that makes it literally impossible for you to breathe ?  Suspended particulate matter popular by its acronym SPM, is another cause of pollution. Referring to the particles afloat in the air, SPM is usually caused by dust, combustion, etc.

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Respiratory and Heart  Problems Global Warming Acid Rain  Eutrophication Effect on  Wildlife

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The effects of  air pollution  are alarming. They are known to create several respiratory and heart conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, heart attacks and strokes along with cancer, among other threats to the body. Several million are known to have died due to the direct or indirect effects of Air pollution.

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Another direct effect is the immediate alterations that the world is witnessing due to  global warming . With increased temperatures worldwide, an increase in sea levels and  melting of ice  from colder regions and icebergs, displacement, and loss of habitat have already signaled an impending disaster if actions for preservation and normalization aren’t undertaken soon.

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Harmful gases like nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are released into the atmosphere during the burning of  fossil fuels . When it rains, the water droplets combine with these air pollutants, becomes acidic and then falls on the ground in the form of acid rain.  Acid rain  can cause great damage to humans, animals, and crops

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Eutrophication  is a condition where a high amount of nitrogen present in some pollutants gets developed on the sea surface and turns itself into algae and adversely affects fish, plants, and animal species .  The green-colored algae that are present on lakes and ponds are due to the presence of this chemical only.

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