Production of Biochar

Nutrient Management in Agriculture & Horticulture Crops Pravinchandra Chaturlal Patel, 6, Vishrut Park-III, Jitodia Road, Anand-388001,Gujarat Mob.+91-9909022116, E-mail:patelpc12@gmail.com.

Improvement of Forage Quality Through Nutrient Management.

Fig. 1 Effect of P and S on forage sorghum variety SSG.59-3 at 13 days growth.

Fig. 2 Effect of phosphorous on sorghum variety SSG.59-3 at 13 days growth.

The results indicated that for growing forage sorghum variety SSG.59-3 in monsoon ( kharif ) season in soils having medium availability of phosphorus and deficient level of sulphur , the farmers are advised to apply 40 kg phosphorus (87 kg DAP) and 20 kg sulphur (133 kg gypsum) per hectare every year to obtain maximum forage yield, total returns, net incremental cost benefit ratio and better quality (crude protein and digestible dry matter production) of forage. These levels also remarkably reduced the cyanide content (HCN) in leaf (11 to 33 %) and shoot (12 to 156 %) of forage sorghum. The lowest neutral detergent fiber content was found with 40 kg phosphorus to SSG.59-3. (A common basal dose of 25 kg N/ha at the time of sowing, 25 kg N/ha at 30 DAS and 25 kg N/ha after the first cut i.e., 60 DAS should be applied)..

3. The farmers of Middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone III growing lucerne variety GAUL-1 are advised to apply 40 Kg S/Ha in the form of gypsum (300 Kg/ha) in soils having S status marginal to obtain higher seed yield of lucerne and net returns. 4. Application of 25 Kg ZnSO4/ha recorded the highest net return/ha and net incremental cost benefit ratio and it was found one of the most remunerative treatment in soil having marginal zinc status for obtaining higher lucerne seed yield..

Fig 3. Response of 300 kg K20/ha over 150 kg K2O/ha.

RECOMMENDATION. Thefarmeß who are growing Uuceme variety GAUL-a or as an perenniaUfor one and hafyear in (winter) mbi season in availability of P and tnediutn soils having rich fertåUizers are advised tofedCåze dose of900 per ha in fist year and 225 K20/ha in second year ($0 K20/ha in rabi and 75 K201ha in summer) to obtain maximum GFÜ DM and CP yieCdso net retums (Rso%ü a*ha) and net [CBR 6: 9a08)a The marginaCfarmeß can Use potassiumfedCåzer dose of K201ha in first year and Kg K20/ha in second year to obtain fairly higher forage yield, net return (Rs.9, 6591-ha) and net ICBR (a: The potassium fertåUizer should be appUied in three spC& in a year ioeac 50 basauo 25 each at beginning of summer and monsoon (kharif) seasons CA common dose of 50 or 75 phosphorus per ha and 25 Kg N/ha should be applied once at the titne of sowing)..

Fig.4 Response of Foliar spraying of FeSO4 + Citric acid to acid lime.

Fig 5. Alleviation of Iron chlorosis by foliar spraying of FeSO4 + Citric acid.

SUGGESTION. 6. CONTROL OF IRON CHLOROSIS. The results suggest that the spray of 0.1 % iron as FeSO4 in 0.05 % citric acid solution proved more effective compared to other treatments in controlling these iron chlorosis. Also, IS1C treatment, having ferrous sulphate (0.25 %) and citric acid (0.025 %), foliar spray can control the chlorosis of the citrus trees..

€4. Fig 6 Application of maize stover Biochar @ 10 MT/Ha + RDF (RDF+MS10 MT/Ha) showed taller plant height & gave 4 times higher DMY (94.4 q/Ha) than alone soil application of maize stover Biochar @ 5 MT/Ha (23.79 q/ha)..

SUGGESTION. 7 . RESPONSE OF BIOCHAR ON MAIZE. It is suggesting that application of corn stover biochar @ 10 MT ha-1 in combination with recommended dose of fertilizer (N:P205: K20): 80-40-0 kg ha-1 improved dry matter and crude protein yields of corn crop followed by corn stover biochar application @ 5.00 MT ha-1 in combination with recommended dose of fertilizer and it also beneficial for built up nutrients in soil..