PowerPoint Presentation

Working at Heights. A picture containing clock sitting black pole Description automatically generated.

The Training Material Approval Form for this lesson plan can be found within ADPI-000-000-.

Lesson Plan Revision Record. Rev # Description of Change Entered By (Name) Date Entered 1 Remove the Learning Objective: ”Identify bad practices when working at height” Added the Learning Objective :”Define a ladder” Added Learning Objective: “Identify different categories & parts of portable ladder” Added Learning Objective: “Explain how to properly select & inspect a portable ladder Added Learning Objective: :Explain proper usage, care, maintenance and storage of a portable ladder Added slide # 48 – 57 for ladder safety.

1.0. Terminal Objective - When working at height, perform assigned tasks in accordance with the related procedures and Working at Height procedure – ADPI-000-000 and Ladders procedure – ADPI-000-000. 1.1. Enabling Objective#1 – Explain working at height and its associated hazards 1.2 Enabling Objective#2 – Identify control measures when working at height 1.3. Enabling Objective#3 – Explain Exclusion Zone and when to setup 1.4. Enabling Objective#4 – Determine when Working at Height and Fall Protection is required 1.5. Enabling Objective#5 – Explain how different Fall Prevention/Protection Systems work 1.6. Enabling Objective #6 – Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS) 1.7. Enabling Objective #7 – Explain PFAS donning, inspection, maintenance, and storage 1.8. Enabling Objective #8 – Explain the concepts of total fall distance, free fall and 100% tie-off 1.9. Enabling Objective #9 – Explain suspension trauma, its symptoms, its effect and how to prevent it. 1.10. Enabling Objective #10 – Identify different categories & parts of portable ladders 1.11. Enabling Objective #11 – Explain how to properly select & inspect a portable ladder 1.12. Enabling Objective #12 – Explain proper usage, care, maintenance and storage of a portable ladder.

3.0. Prerequisites* N/A. 4.0. Instructor Guide* (Notes to the instructor related to lesson plan requirements, special considerations, etc.) N/A.

Instructor Introduction. A picture containing text Description automatically generated.

[Audio] Instructor Notes: (Time Estimated 1 Min) Reiterate Training Expectations Attend training as scheduled, Return from breaks on time Turn OFF electronic devices/mobile telephones on SILENT Be respectful to everyone Participate and add value Perform activities professionally and with integrity Provide feedback when requested Sign the Training Attendance Log or use biometric Note: If you are ill, inform your instructor to keep an eye on you.

[Audio] Instructor Notes: (Time Estimated 1Mins) Inform students they need to follow the instructor in case they hear an alarm. (Inform them if you are aware of any planned drills). Remind students about evacuation routes, alternate routes, and assembly point locations and they should remain calm and exit the area in an orderly fashion. It is the instructor's responsibility to ensure all students exit the building safely and attendance is taken at the Assembly Point to ensure all students are accounted for. Upon initiation of an alarm, all employees, contractors and visitors shall: Stay calm – immediately walk to the nearest emergency evacuation stairs. Do not use elevators. If you cannot walk down the stairs due to a medical condition, please notify the Emergency Floor Wardens. Take only your keys, wallets and essential belongings with you. If you are wearing high heels, please ensure you have ae pair of flat shoes at your desk otherwise consider removing your shoes and carrying them by hand. When you evacuating the building in high heeled shoes, you slow down the evacuation process and put at risk yourself and those around you in the event of a tripping hazard. Close all doors while exiting to slow the progress of fire and smoke, giving a better chance of survival. If smoke is present, stay low. Breathable air is closest to the floor. Stay at the assembly point until further instructions. Do not return until approval is given. Review Designated Assembly Area with trainees..

[Audio] Instructor Notes: (Time Estimated 3 Mins) Discuss the safety moment with the class. Emphasize the AT SITE values and behaviors related to the Safety Moment..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Review the terminal objectives with the class.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Review the enabling objectives with the class..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Review the enabling objectives with the class..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Ask question to the students what they think is considered to be working at height and then show the next slide and ask them again the same question..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: On 28 November 2020, and individual was performing a visual inspection of an electrical penetration sleeve in PTB. The individual was standing on the cable duct at a height of 70cm above the ground. Following completion of the inspection, the individual stepped down from the duct, lost his balance and fell. The fall resulted in a fracture of the right ankle and a loss time injury. The direct cause was the failure by the individual to maintain three point contact during his descent. The following causes were identified: *Inadequate Risk Assessment/Management *No proper access was provided between the ground and cable duct..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 1: Explain working at height and its associated hazards Definition comes from OSHAD-SF Code of Practice CoP23.0, Working at Heights. You are working at height if you: Work above ground/floor level. Could fall from an edge, through an opening or fragile surface. Could fall from ground level into an opening in a floor or a hole in the ground..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 1: Explain working at height and its associated hazards Risk of electrocution – if you are working near electrical lines or electrical system Poor structural design – the working platform is not design to withstand materials or personnel as plan Weather – it can affect the integrity of the structure where personnel are working and it can affect personnel working at height Movement of plant equipment – if working near or within a moving/rotating equipment and not properly de-energized and lock-out/tag-out. Release of pressure – if working near pressurize pipeline and its not properly isolated or de-energized and lock-out/tag-out Other Hazards: Weather Inappropriate carrying of material. Always hold the handrail while going up/down stairs and never carry items when climbing a ladder Removal of temporary working platform components Poor maintenance of access equipment (e.g. ladders, steps, scaffolds) Working on fragile surfaces Poor lighting Unfamiliarity with task to be carried out at height..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 1: Explain working at height and its associated hazards A fall is an event which results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or other lower level. In the occupational setting, falling incidents are commonly referred to as slips, trips, and falls (STFs). Falls from elevation hazards are present at almost every jobsite, and many workers are exposed to these hazards daily. Most injuries from falls are the result of abused equipment, failure to follow instructions, or from simple failure to use good judgement. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the equipment is in proper condition, used the way it is intended, and proper safety procedures are followed..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 2: Identify control measures when working at height An approved working at heights protection system and working at heights protection plan are required when a hazard cannot be abated through design, and the potential fall distance is 4 ft.(1.2 m) or greater. Vertigo is a sensation of feeling off balance. If you have these dizzy spells, you might feel like you are spinning or that the world around you is spinning. It should be added that when we discuss being "physically fit" we should also include the fact that if they have a fear of heights, they need to let their leadership know. Exposing someone to a height when they have a fear of such would increase the likelihood of an event taking place..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 2: Identify control measures when working at height 6.6.1 Where there is a risk of falling objects as a result of work at heights, any or all of the following protective measures shall be employed as required. The provision of guardrails, toe-boards, screens and netting. Protective roofs or canopies over walk ways and other occupied areas. Prohibition of storage of materials close to edges. Secure hand tools with tool lanyards, use of bolt bags, and secure tools stored in belts. Barrier off areas at lower levels where there is the potential for persons to be struck by falling objects and provide appropriate warning signs as specified in procedure. Stop Work at Height if persons and or vehicles have to traverse the area below. Edge protection "debris" safety netting. Dropped Object Inspection Checklist, shall be completed before activities being performed at a height greater than 1.8 meters (6ft) where there is a hazard of items falling onto employees along lower elevations. 1. This checklist shall stay with the Working at Height Permit at all times and be continuously reviewed throughout the duration of the activity for ongoing alignment. In the event where work is being performed at a height, it would be preferred if another person was at the lower level where employees would be traveling..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 3: Explain Exclusion Zone including when to setup. Safety Monitoring System – an alternative fall protection system, which can only be used by roofers performing roofing work on low slope roofs, in which the first line supervisor designates a safety monitor who is responsible for recognizing and warning employees of fall hazards.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 3: Explain Exclusion Zone including when to setup. Safety Monitoring System – an alternative fall protection system, which can only be used by roofers performing roofing work on low slope roofs, in which the first line supervisor designates a safety monitor who is responsible for recognizing and warning employees of fall hazards Falling Objects – usually areas where materials are being transported..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 3: Explain Exclusion Zone including when to setup. Safety Monitoring System – an alternative fall protection system, which can only be used by roofers performing roofing work on low slope roofs, in which the first line supervisor designates a safety monitor who is responsible for recognizing and warning employees of fall hazards Falling Objects – usually areas where materials are being transported. "Competent" person would be anyone that has completed the Working at Heights course..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required if Moderate or higher, then a working at height permit is required. Working at Height Permit, is permitted to stay active for a maximum of 7 days; however, the permit requirements shall be revalidated at the beginning of each shift. Work extending over multiple shifts requires communication, sign-off and an appropriate handover of the relevant information pertaining to the job A. This is intended to be performed by the Permit Holders and Working at Height Activity Supervisors belonging to the incoming and outgoing shifts. B. Incoming Working at Height Supervisors or Permit Holders are to perform a Pre-Job brief with all incoming personnel before the activity beginning each shift per NPI-PRC-0300, Pre Job Briefs and Post Job Debriefs. 1. Employees who are unable to attend the morning Pre-Job Brief must be provided a pre-job brief before beginning work activities. 2. Employees who are unable to attend the initial pre-job brief before that day's task are required to receive a pre-job brief by the Entry Supervisor before entering the confined space. 6.8.3 Information that is to be included in the handover includes, but is not limited to: A. Review of the current activity/activities that are taking place under the permit B. Hazards that are applicable to the work being performed. C. Mitigations that have been implemented as a result to the identified hazards. D. Status of what activities had been completed throughout the previous shift and expected activities to be completed throughout the next shift. E. Incoming Supervision to contact the On-Site Rescue Team and update the OSRT to the status of the ongoing work..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required if Risk rating is Moderate or higher, then a working at height permit is required. If student inquires about what criteria is used to come up with these numbers, then un-hide slide 25 and use that to explain..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required if Risk rating is Moderate or higher, then a working at height permit is required..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required 6.7.14 Protection of Open Sided Floors, Runways and Platforms Every open sided floor or platform 1.2 m (4 ft) or more above an adjacent floor or ground level shall be guarded by a standard railing on all open sides except where there is entrance to a ramp, stairway, or fixed ladder. The railing shall be provided with a toe board wherever. Every runway shall be guarded by a standard railing on all open sides 1.2 m (4 ft), above floor or ground level. Wherever tools, machine parts, or materials are likely to be used on the runway, a toe board shall also be provided on each exposed side. Runways (such as oiling, shifting, or filling tank cars) may have the railing on one side omitted where operating conditions require such omission, providing the falling hazard is minimized by using a runway of not less than 45 cm (17.7 in) wide. Regardless of height, open-sided floors, walkways, platforms or runways above or adjacent to dangerous equipment, open sided tanks, and similar hazards shall be guarded with a standard railing and be toe boarded. It needs to be mentioned that, at a minimum, fall protection will be required when employees are exposed to a height 1.8 meters or greater. Just because a Working at Height Permit may not be required, doesn't mean that fall protection is not required. If employees are performing activities at heights greater than 1.8 meters, that are identified to be low risk, they would still be required to don fall protection equipment, but a Working at Height Permit would not be required for said activity..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required 6.7.14 Protection of Open Sided Floors, Runways and Platforms Every open sided floor or platform 1.2 m (4 ft) or more above an adjacent floor or ground level shall be guarded by a standard railing on all open sides except where there is entrance to a ramp, stairway, or fixed ladder. The railing shall be provided with a toe board wherever. Every runway shall be guarded by a standard railing on all open sides 1.2 m (4 ft), above floor or ground level. Wherever tools, machine parts, or materials are likely to be used on the runway, a toe board shall also be provided on each exposed side. Runways (such as oiling, shifting, or filling tank cars) may have the railing on one side omitted where operating conditions require such omission, providing the falling hazard is minimized by using a runway of not less than 45 cm (17.7 in) wide. Regardless of height, open-sided floors, walkways, platforms or runways above or adjacent to dangerous equipment, open sided tanks, and similar hazards shall be guarded with a standard railing and be toe boarded. It needs to be mentioned that, at a minimum, fall protection will be required when employees are exposed to a height 1.8 meters or greater. Just because a Working at Height Permit may not be required, doesn't mean that fall protection is not required. If employees are performing activities at heights greater than 1.8 meters, that are identified to be low risk, they would still be required to don fall protection equipment, but a Working at Height Permit would not be required for said activity..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required 6.7.13 Hole Protection/Covers Openings in floors, platforms, roofs etc. larger than 2.5 cm (1 in) square or 2.5 cm (1 in) diameter must be suitably protected with strong material (preferably steel plate or scaffolding boards). The covers shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least two times the weight of employees, equipment, and materials that may be forced on the cover at any one time. Covers to be marked with "Danger" signage's for identification, covers to be securely fixed to prevent accidental movement and to be free from tripping hazards..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 4: Determine when Working at Height Permit and fall protection is required Any equipment which, as a result of form or function, may be hazardous to employees who fall onto or into such equipment..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 5: Explain how different Fall Protection/Prevention System works Passive – A "passive" fall protection system refers to a system that is non-dynamic, stationary, and does not move, adapt, or change when in or out of use. Passive systems don't require the use of personal protective equipment or active participation from the worker. Passive systems are most appropriate in architectural designs and working environments where fall hazards cannot be solved through engineering controls. Active – active fall protection systems are dynamic and require the use of special equipment as well as worker participation. There are two types of active fall protection systems, fall restraint and fall arrest systems. All active fall protection systems share the common feature of securing a harnessed worker to an anchorage point with a lanyard. Fall restraint systems typically use a fixed-length lanyard (or dog leash) to keep a worker's center of gravity from going over a fall hazard leading edge. Fall arrest systems incorporate various types of lanyards, including rip stitch lanyards and SRLs, all designed to stop a freefalling worker from impacting a lower level. Active fall protection systems are sometimes referred to as a PFAS or a Personal Fall Arrest System..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 5: Explain how different Fall Protection/Prevention System works Qualified person" means one with a recognized degree or professional certificate and extensive knowledge and experience in the subject field who is capable of design, analysis, evaluation and specifications in the subject work, project, or product. Competent Person – An employee that have the ability to perform a particular job in compliance with performance standards, in possession of required skill, knowledge, qualification, and capacity Reference 6.7.12 Guardrails.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 5: Explain how different Fall Protection/Prevention System works A "Competent Person", as mentioned above, would have to be either from the Manufacturer of the safety net to be installed, or an employee who has been trained by the safety net manufacturer that is to be installed..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 5: Explain how different Fall Protection/Prevention System works 6.7.13 Hole Protection/Covers Openings in floors, platforms, roofs etc. larger than 2.5 cm (1 in) square or 2.5 cm (1 in) diameter must be suitably protected with strong material (preferably steel plate or scaffolding boards). The covers shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least two times the weight of employees, equipment, and materials that may be forced on the cover at any one time. Covers to be marked with "Danger" signage's for identification, covers to be securely fixed to prevent accidental movement and to be free from tripping hazards. Competent person would be one who has successfully completed this class and lab. This class provides employees the minimum requirements as to what would suffice as a "Hole Cover".

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 5: Explain how different Fall Protection/Prevention System works Designates an area in which work may take place without the use of a guardrail system or personal fall arrest system to protect employees in the area..

[Audio] Mobile Elevated Work Platforms shall be utilized where it is reasonably practicable to obtain and use purpose built equipment for lifting personnel, particularly for regular or routine operations. Mobile Elevating Working Platforms (MEWPs) are a method used for working at heights. The MEWPs are classified high in the hierarchy of control as fall prevention for working at heights, and is a preferred alternative to ladders, scaffolds and cradles. They are suitable for both long and short duration tasks requiring a work platform as they are easily moved from place to place. A variety of types are available and guidance on specific applications should be sought from the manufacturers, through their user manual, when planning for use of MEWPs. Typical types of MEWPs are: 1) Scissor Lift 2) Cherry Picker 3) Telescopic Boom 4) Articulated boom For more information pertaining to Mobile Elevated Work Platforms, Safe Use of Plant and High Level Access Equipment..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System Stress that the terms Body Wear and Body Harness or Safety Harness means the same thing..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System When choosing an anchor point the best location would be at or above shoulder height to limit free fall. As per H&S all anchorage point will be stenciled or mark with color. Only one person should be attached to an anchor point unless the anchor point factors in the force that would be generated in the event of a fall from multiple employees. When dealing with rigging and lifting activities, the straps that are used to wrap around the object to be lifted are required to have softeners to prevent from the strap being cut due to the heavy load being administered to it by the object (if there are sharp edges, such as a steel beam as is depicted in the pictures). But beam straps (pictured above) are not required to have these softeners mainly because the force that will be generated, in the event of a fall, is significantly less than what rigging straps would be subject to. It should also be mentioned that beam straps used for fall protection, are different than the straps that would be used for rigging. You are not allowed to mix fall protection equipment and rigging equipment unless the rigging equipment is brand new, out of the bag, and than it would have to be identified as "For Fall Protection Use Only".

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System To tell if something would be able to support the force you will generate if you were exposed to a fall, look at the anchor point and ask yourself if you think it would be able to support a full size truck..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System 6.8.3 Lifeline System Use Self-Retracting Lifelines (Retract locks or safety blocks) when available that automatically limit Free Fall Distance to 60.96 cm (2 ft) or less that are capable of sustaining a minimum tensile load of 1360 kg (3000 lbs). Lifelines shall not be used for any other purpose than fall protection. Lifeline systems are points of attachment for fall protection lanyards and harnesses. Lifelines may be mounted either vertically or horizontally and provide fall protection for personnel working in elevated areas. Lifelines shall be protected against being cut or abraded (i.e., softeners around lifelines at anchorage point). Visual inspection of the lifeline should be carried out by the Supervisor at least weekly to ensure the system and equipment integrity..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System 4.32 Self-Retracting Lifeline/Lanyard – a device containing a drum-wound line which can be slowly extracted from, or retracted onto, the drum under slight tension during normal employee movement, and which, after onset of a fall, automatically locks the drum and arrests the fall When inspecting these lifelines, the entire length of the lifeline should be pulled out in order to inspect it prior to use. If this is an SRL that is installed overhead and the employee is not able to inspect the entire contents, they are expected to pull out and inspect as much of the lanyard as possible. This is one of those things where the employee is supposed to inspect the entire length, but realistically this may not always be possible..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: Objective 6: Explain the components of a Personal Fall Arrest System Do not tie any lanyard in a knot to shorten Do not wrap lanyards around objects not unless its design to do so. Never attach two or more snap hooks to one D-ring Lanyard: A flexible line of rope, wire rope, or strap that has a double locking connector at each end for connecting the body harness to a deceleration device, lifeline, or anchorage. Connecting a lanyard back into itself is also not allowed..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes "Self-Retracting lifelines or lanyards are not permitted for daisy-chaining to create a longer connection" This is also called "daisy-chaining". Two hooks are not allowed to be tied into each other. The reasoning behind this is two-fold Connecting two lanyards adds extra length to the employees free fall and could result in the employee striking the lower elevation or equipment below Connecting a hook into another hook could result in a "roll-out" where the hooks could roll in such a way that force can be placed against the gate of the hooks, resulting in the gate failing and allowing each of the hooks to release from the other. Causing the employee to no longer be protected from the fall..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: In order to inspect the grommets, just make sure that each grommet is in place, inspect for bent grommets or sharp edges and that the buckle is in good working order as well. Inspect the quick connect buckles on the chest and around each leg is freely moving. Push down on each side of the clip and watch for the clips to spring back into position. Connect the buckle and the clip to ensure it has connected and tug on the buckle to make sure the fitting is not loose and will not come undone They can test out the locking mechanisms of the quick-connect buckle as much as they want to in order to feel confident in the fact that it is working properly. The quick-connect buckles on our harnesses have windows within the locking mechanism, and a green dot on the clip itself. So when the clip is connected within the quick-connect buckle, you will see the green dot through the window on the quick-connect buckle. Explain to the class that once the software has been inspected, it is now time to inspect the hardware. Which pertains to all of the hard components of the equipment. Hooks D-Rings, Grommets & Quick Connects Discuss the importance of why the snap-hooks / carabineers are always freely moving and demonstrate how to inspect them to ensure they are Picture to depict rust damage on the hardware. Rust damage would fail the equipment of inspection.

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: This slide used to show representation of the inside of the manufacturer label The manufacture includes a label on all of its equipment. Harnesses, lanyards, etc. On these labels, there lies information that is important for the user to review. If the manufacture label is missing, or damaged in any way, this could fail the harness and prevent the user from using that selected piece of equipment. It does not matter what the condition of the equipment is. It could be a brand new piece of equipment that was just pulled out of its bag. If it did not come with a manufacture tag (or if one can't be found when out in the field) that piece of equipment is not to be used. Same goes for the inspection tag in the back. It could be a brand new piece of equipment that has not been used before, but if it does not have the inspection tag, it can NOT be used under any circumstance..

[Audio] Facilitator Notes: When you pick up a piece of fall protection, the first thing you are going to look for is the inspection tag to see if it has gone through the current inspection for the time of the year you are currently in. If this inspection tag is the wrong color, or it is missing, you automatically cannot use that harness. Speak with the class and explain that our official inspections are performed each Quarter, every 3 months. The First Quarter is Yellow (Jan-March) The Second Quarter is Green (April-Jun) The Third Quarter is Blue (July-Sept) The Fourth Quarter is White (Oct-Dec) RED- If a safety harness fails inspection or becomes damaged, a competent person will color code it as failed. There is a "grace period" of 14 days for all equipment to be inspected. This means that employees have a MAXIMUM of 2 weeks from the beginning of the new quarter to have their working at height equipment inspected. Equipment during this 2 week grace period will still be deemed compliant until the end of the 2 week grace period. Equipment that has NOT be inspected and tagged appropriately within this 2 week grace period will be deemed out of compliance. 2 weeks = 14 days Many things will fail the equipment, if identified. But if the equipment hasn't even gone through its bi-annual inspection, this will fail the inspection before you really even get into your own user inspection. Better to check the bi-annual inspection tag, to save you the trouble of having to complete your full user inspection, only to find out that it hasn't even gone through its own required inspection.