INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Presented by: AGBAYANI, JERWIN C .. Logo Description automatically generated.

WORLD CITI COLLEGES. Local Government and Regional Administration.

[Audio] Public administration is concerned with the goal of advancing management and policies of government. Public administration is what takes place after the election, in which the day-to-day business of governing actually occurs. IT can contribute toward the operational and strategic activities of the public sector organization. Moreover, IT can provide cost reduction, management support, strategic planning, cost-reduction applications, management support, and, most importantly, outreach to constituencies such as citizens, policymakers, employees, and contracts. Essentially, public administration and IT deal with the use of information systems to shape organizational change in government. Much of the literature on public administration and IT argues for the transformation of government through IT. This book focuses on how IT has influenced almost every functional area of public administration, with a specific focus on organizational change..

[Audio] We study public administration and IT for four important reasons: how it impacts trust in government, the sheer money spent on IT, the lack of performance of existing systems, and the increased demands on public managers. Trust in Government It is important for elected officials to increase trust in government to provide confidence in governing institutions. IT is one way to make the public sector more responsive to citizens, by being able to deliver services faster and more efficiently. In addition, IT can be used to create more open and transparent government because information on governments can be made freely available and easily posted online. Money Spent on IT and Public Administration The hope of this is to allow the public greater understanding of how government works and make more responsible spending decisions. Lack of Performance of Systems There has been tremendous growth in spending on IT investments in public sector organizations, but what is the impact of this growth in spending on the relative performance of public sector organizations (Lee and Perry, 2002)? Investing in IT can help the public sector improve the efficiency of internal operations through automation. IT can also improve the quality of existing public services, creating new types of services that were not previously available. The improvement in government performance overall is one of the perceived net benefits of IT spending. Increased Demands by Public Sector Managers for IT The final reason to study public administration and IT is the increased demands placed on public sector workers for results. To meet these demands, government needs to use IT to translate goals into outcomes. Therefore, public managers must be cognizant of the impact of IT on their organization..

[Audio] Public sector agencies typically have more concerns and issues than their private sector counterparts. Therefore, their goals are usually more complex and ambiguous than business firms. Public sector agencies typically have vague, hard-to-measure, multiple, and even conflicting goals with which they must contend. This is usually a product of the lack of profit indicators and incentives for the public sector due to political oversight and multiple interests that need to authorize programs. 2. Public sector agencies typically have more formalization, such as excessive rules and procedures that need to be enforced, which is called "red tape." Public agencies, therefore, are usually associated with an excessive amount of rules or red tape that may impede its performance. 3. Public agencies have more formalized personnel procedures, purchases processes, and other administrative tasks that are regulated by central administrative agencies. There is typically more external oversight of public agencies for personnel and purchasing decisions. 4. Most studies of work-related satisfaction indicate a lower rating in the public sector than in the private sector, especially at the management levels. This poses a challenge for recruiting and retaining of top workers for the public sector agencies..

[Audio] Public sector organizations have many diverse interests with which to contend. The external environment can be divided into three factors that influence IT and public administration. The literature on IT and public administration has long argued for the importance of examining the external environment; because change does not merely happen internally within government, many external influences drive IT adoption. 1. there is democracy and its influence on IT and public administration. The Internet and other information and communication technologies (ICTs) have influenced the way democracies function. For instance, the Internet can be used as a medium for political candidates running for office to reach a broad audience. They can also target specific individuals they might want to get donations or support from for their election campaign. 2. the participation of citizens in the political and policymaking process. ICT has enabled citizens to participate in their government much more easily as a result of advances in this technology. For instance, before the Internet, proposed policies would be distributed in paper form, which of course is expensive and time consuming to deliver. With ICT, governments can display and customize information for citizens, creating a more transparent government. The policymaking cycle has changed as a result of ICT, where citizens can mobilize support for or against a new government policy because of new social media such as blogs. 3. e-governance. E-governance is the impact of ICTs on the delivery of services to citizens by their government. E-governance focuses more on how IT impacts change, not just within the organization but externally both politically and institutionally. With advances in ICT, public service delivery has fundamentally changed. It is possible for a government to provide information or a service to its residents through the Internet. This can range from simple things such as looking up a city council's agenda online, to more advanced functions such as renewing a vehicle registration online. E-governance is supposed to create more transparent government and is said, by some researchers, to increase trust and confidence in their governing institutions. E-governance can be driven externally by the interests of citizens and their needs..

[Audio] 1. leadership and management and its impact on IT and public administration. We often hear there is a lack of leaders in public sector organizations. Leaders are critical for these organizations because they can move and change them in a defined direction. Leaders need to provide the vision of where IT fits into the mission of their organization. Management also plays a critical role, because management is responsible for making sure IT projects are properly implemented and produce results. Effective management, according to the literature, is a critical catalyst for the development of IT in public administration. 2. e-government and organizational change. A second internal environment stimulus is that of e-government and organizational change. Unlike e-governance, e-government deals specifically with the application of IT to public sector organizations. The focus on e-government is more on change within the organization. The e-government literature examines best practices and how this technology transforms organizations. E-government through ICT is said to change the internal structures of government by creating more efficient and effective organizations. Compared to e-governance, e-government deals more with the "nuts and bolts" of ICT application in the public sector. Examples of e-government are the implementation of an information system within a department that can communicate across different departments and share information. The literature on e-government has some scholars arguing it will transform the organization, and it has others arguing it will produce more incremental change. 3. enterprise architecture, or the use of IT to map the business processes of the organization. The third internal environmental influence is enterprise architecture, or the use of IT to map the business processes of the organization. For IT to be integrated holistically with the organization, there needs to be a blueprint mapping out all its functions and how technology fits into these functional arrangements..

WORLD CITI COLLEGES. Local Government and Regional Administration.

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