matter

[Virtual Presenter] Good morning everyone. Today I would like to talk to you about matter. Matter is all around us, from the air we breathe to the everyday objects we use. We will explore the physical and chemical properties of matter that influence its behaviour..

[Audio] Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It is categorized into three states: solid, liquid, and gas. Properties that are associated with matter can be either physical or chemical. Physical properties include mass, volume, length, shape, and color. Chemical properties determine how substances react to air, acid, base, water, and other chemicals. Intensive physical properties like melting point and boiling point depend on the amount of the substance, while extensive physical properties such as mass and volume are unaffected by amount. Being able to recognize and comprehend the properties of matter allows us to gain a better comprehension of our environment..

[Audio] Matter is composed of small particles known as atoms, and it has a variety of physical characteristics. These characteristics include size, flexibility, hue, density, volume, mass, and more. These physical characteristics let us tell one material from another. Additionally, physical properties are calculated and established without changing the chemical composition of a substance. Illustrations of physical characteristics comprise of density, colour, firmness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity. Being aware of the physical properties of matter helps us to comprehend the physical environment around us..

[Audio] In order to understand the intensive and extensive properties of matter, it is important to note that intensive properties are independent of the amount of matter present, for example temperature, concentration and boiling point. On the other hand, extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present and include properties such as weight, volume, length and entropy. To illustrate, the mass of a sample is directly proportional to the amount of matter present, however the temperature is not..

[Audio] Matter is the fundamental element of the universe. This slide focuses on the concept that matter can be in three distinct states: solid, liquid, and gas. Additionally, matter has two distinct types of properties - intensive and extensive. Intensive properties remain constant no matter the amount of matter present, such as pressure and temperature, whilst extensive properties rely on the amount of matter present, including mass and volume. It is these properties of matter that cause the immense diversity in our world..

Chemical Properties of Matter. changes cherx•ical i dity F I a a b i I ity Reactivity To x i c it y.

[Audio] Matter is the basis of the physical world and it possesses several properties. Reactivity is a measure of how readily mater responds to chemical reactions with other substances; some materials are more reactive than others, like potassium. Flammability refers to the ability of mater to be set ablaze, as toxicity denotes how strongly a particular substance can harm an organism. Acidity is another property of matter which denotes its capacity to respond to acids. These distinct properties of matter are significant to consider when evaluating its effects on the environment..

[Audio] . there are 4 states of matter. Solid - solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural rigidity (as in rigid bodies) and resistance to a force applied to the surfa ce..

[Audio] Plasma is an electrically conducting medium made up of roughly equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles, believed to be the fourth state of matter distinct from solids, liquids, and gases. Its particles move without attraction from each other and have the lowest intermolecular forces among all states of matter. Plasma is significant in physics due to its ability to be affected by electric and magnetic forces from a long distance, thus giving it a collective-fluid like nature..

[Audio] Matter exists in three distinct forms - solid, liquid, and gas. There is ordinary matter that makes up 4.6% of the universe, dark matter accounting for 26.8%, and dark energy making up the remaining 68.6%. This knowledge assists in comprehending the dispersal of matter and how it has an effect on the universe..

[Audio] Dark matter is an invisible form of matter that has an enormous role in the universe. First theorized by Fritz Zwicky of the California Institute of Technology in 1933, it was discovered that the Coma Galaxy Cluster had more gravity than could be accounted for by the visible matter. This led to the understanding that dark matter is responsible for about 30.1 percent of the universe's matter-energy composition. As it does not interact with electromagnetic radiation, dark matter is difficult to detect and comprehend. However, its gravity can be observed and measured, aiding experts to comprehend its importance in the universe's structure and evolution..

[Audio] Matter is essential in our daily lives, and is the basis for all physical objects. Antimatter, however, is its complete opposite. Antimatter particles have the same charge as matter particles, but the opposite sign. Protons and neutrons have a baryon number of +1, whereas antiprotons and antineutrons have a baryon number of -1. Electrons have a lepton number of +1, while that of positrons is -1. When a particle and its corresponding antiparticle come in contact with each other, they both convert into energy. Antimatter appears in natural processes such as cosmic ray collisions and certain radioactive decay processes. Despite numerous attempts to combine antimatter particles to form antiatoms, no macroscopic amount of antimatter has been produced due to the costly and difficult process..

[Audio] Matter is present everywhere - in the paper you are holding, the air you breathe, the ground beneath you or even the words I am speaking. It is anything that has a mass and takes up space. There are multiple ways of measuring matter such as length, mass, weight, volume, density and pressure. Temperature can be measured using the kelvin unit. Matter can take three different forms- solid, liquid and gas. This table shows the measurement units for all these properties - length, mass, weight, volume, density and pressure..

[Audio] Matter is composed of fundamental particles that interact with one another to form the building blocks of our universe. There are four known types of particles: electrons, photons, protons, and neutrons; with the addition of gluons having recently been confirmed to exist. Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative charge, while protons and neutrons are part of atoms, and each carry either a positive or neutral charge. Photons carry the electromagnetic force, while gluons are particles that carry the strong force that binds quarks together. The interaction between these different particles affects all distances in the universe..

[Audio] Without greetings and without beginning with Today: Thank you for your attention. The presentation was about matter, an essential part of everyday life. As most of you know, matter is any substance that takes up space and has mass, and is generally found in three states - solid, liquid, and gas. We also talked about muons, quarks, and leptons. Muons are elementary particles, similar to electrons but with much greater mass, quarks are fundamental particles that combine to form hadrons, and leptons are particles with an electric charge of -1 that don't take part in strong interactions. All these particles are involved in the formation of matter and I hope you found this lesson interesting and informative. Once again, thank you..