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Managing a Disaster & Safety Measures  & Tips

Peter P.  Debbarma , Asst. Professor Department of Geography

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Understanding Disaster Mechanisms Strategies, Principles  Safety Tips & Precaution  Meausures Mock Drill and Preparing

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Factors and Dimension of Disaster Management

FACTORSkffECTlN€
DISASTER
• Age
• Immunization status
• Degreeofmobility
• Emotional stability
• Physical Factors
• Chemical Factors
Environmental
• Biological Factors
factors
• Social Factors
• Psychological Factors

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Capacity  to   cope High	Low Low 	High Vulnerability   V ery   l o w	 Low

The propensity  of  things  to  be  damaged by a   hazard.

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What makes  communities   & environment more Vulnerable?

What makes  communities   & environment more  Vulnerable 1.Poverty 2. Population  Exploison 6. Proper essentials infrastructures & materials 3 . Lack of skills & social services 4.A fragile Community 5.Weak Economy

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What are Risks?-  Danger involved Risks is a function of   =  Hazrds  X  Vulnerability X Exposure

VULNERABILITY
Suceptiability to damage
and capacity to cope
with/adapt to
disturbances
RISK
EXPOSURE
HAZARD
Communities and
Waves, storms,
infrastrucue located
tsunamis, erosion,
along coastal and
sea level rise
low lying areas

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When Hazards become Disasters? Function of Hazards and Vulnerability, If  vulnerables  are reduced then Disaster can be minimized from Hazards

Factors affecting management: Degg's model
Natural Hazard
fid-den Events Chrmk
• Pug
Risk
of
isast
Vulnerable System
Exposure Sensitivity Re&xe
ZUSGS
> This could be adapted to explain which physical and human factors
influence the effectiveness of strategies were/are used to manage hazards

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Disaster occurs when hazards meet   vulnerability

Progression of   vulnerability Root   causes Dynamic   pressures Unsafe   conditions

Limited  Access to   - Power Structure R esources

Ideologie s - Political   - s y stem Econo m ic -   system

Lack of   – Local   institutes Training Appropriate   skills Local   investment Local   market Media   freedom Ethical   standards  in public   life

Macro   forces- Rapid   population   growth Rapid urbanization Arms   expenditure Debt   repayments Deforestation Decline in   soil  productivity

Fragile   physical  environment Dangerous locations Unprotected   buildings  &  infrast r u c t u re

Fragile local   -  economy Livelihoods  at   risk Low income   levels

Vulnerable   society Special groups   at  risk

Public   actions Lack of  prepared n e s s Endemic   disease

Earthquake   High   winds    H urri c ane Cyclone   T y phoon Flood   Volcanic   - erupt ion s  Landslides  Drought   Virus   Bacteria  Pests Fire  Chemicals   Radiation  Armed   - conflicts

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C   l   a   s   s   i   f   i   c   a   t   i   o   n	o   f	D   i   s   a   s   t   e   r   s

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Image result for pictures of natural hazard

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A sudden shaking or tremor of Earth’s crust caused by mainly natural  endogenetic  forces and also by external influence and activities by men. Movement of Plates Volcano Eruptions Landslides Collapse,Explosion  and Mining  by men

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Body Waves: P and S waves
BoÖy wavs
— p or prinwywaves
• fastest waves
• travel through solids,
liquds, or gases
• compressional wave,
material movement is
in the sarne diectZn
as wave movement
— S or semndarywaves
• sbwer than P waws
• travel solids
only
• shear waves - move
material
perperdicular to
wave movement

Siesmic  Zones of the Earth Mid Continental Belt- Pacific Ring of Fire Collision and  Subduction  of Plates North- East Fall under one of the six most active regions of the world. Other being –Mexico, Taiwan, California, Japan and Turkey.

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Don’t keep sharp weapons  on the top of  shelfs .  Create a place for hiding under hard Desks or Tables, Keep free space underneath the table Build RCC pillar buildings and use maximum rods, the big halls are liable to collapse A secure enclosed build with mostly Iron RCC on all around must be built as interior room for protections -Side walls using Iron,  on top also RCC ceilings..

Prepare an er«gency kit:
flashbghts, bandage and wtistle
BEFORE EARTHQUAKE
Practice earthquake
Store fragile ±Écts
in safe *aces.

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BEFORE
The key to dfective disaster
prevention is plannning:
Know the eathquake hæards
in your area
Fdlow structural desgn md
ergiwng practics whm
constructing a hue or buiding.
e' Evaluate the stlßtural sourdness
ofthe buildings ard hues;
strnthenor if necessaw,
Prepare your homes, workplace
or schools:
Strap or bolt
heavy
furnituresl
cabinets to the
walls.
Check the
stability hanging obpcts
like ceiling fans and chandeliers.
Breaka± items, harmful chnZals
and flammable materials should
stored goperly in the Inmost
secured shelves.
Familiarize yourself with the exit
routes.
Know where fire extinguishers, first
aid kib alarms, and communication
facilities are locatd Learn howto
use then beforehand.
Prepare a handy
ærgency supply kit
wthfltstadkitf
canned food and can
operer, water, clothing,
batåpperated rdio,
flashl$hs and exta bater'es.
Condud and partiipate in rgular
earthquake drib

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10
Keep furniture from
falling or moving.
• in
TV
Be prepared to
avoid
Always be ready to
extinguish
t t mob
Meet with your 'amny
what you do.
and
Take steps for fire prevention
early
Know
hazards in
Keep informed
Confirm the strength of
your house and
Prepare emergency
supplies in advance.
• Plan h. to
Train yourself
Aid.

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1.  As it shakes, you may fall down,  So Kneel  down and cover your head by Cushion or Under hard objects, under Bed or tables. 2. See the strongest part of Building- Toilets and Bathrooms are small enclosed structures, so try to hid under. Do not go Kitchen as many utensils, objects may fall over  You.  Do not stand near by windows, wall which has no Iron especially the side walls, Underneath the door also may be as over there is iron rod…

Survival Trick
STAY INSIDE.
DO NOI RON ouiSlDE OR TOOlHtH
DURING SHAKING.
DROP DOWN
ONTO YOUR
HANDS AND
KNEES
COVER YOUR
HEAD AND NECK
GET UNDER A
STURDY SHELTER
AND HOLD ON TO IT
roomi
GET DOWN
NEAR AN
INTERIOR WALL
THE MOST
LIKELY
SOURCE OF
INJURY-
FALLING OR
FLYING OBJECTS
DO NOT
STAND IN A
DOORWAY
y.com

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Safety tips-Protecting from Earth Quake- Protect your Head

DURING:
' HOLD,
Suv •rt untit the stops.
tf inside remain insu if outside stay outside.
00 not •tt•mpt t' run

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HOW TO STAY SAFE
Dos
ground and
take co« by
getting under
a sturdy üble
or other
furniture: until
shaking stops
Ifthere isnoshetternear
cover vour face and head
with your arms and crouch at a
ccrrwr inside a building
Stay away frorn glass.
windows, doors and walls, and
anyåing that could fall
Stayin bed ifyou aretlrre
when earthquake strikes.
Protect yow
head with a
pillow
Don'ts
> DO nol
stand close
to buildings,
trees, steet-
lights and
utility wires
> Do nolstop under buildings.
trees, overpasses and utility
wires if in a vehicle
Donottake roads, bridges or
ramps damaged by quake
> If trapped urift•r
debris, nol
a match
kick up dust
> Try not to shmftasycumay
in hale dust; kmcking or
tapping is

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Build a Good strong House/RCC building/Bamboo house/ Don’t Use much of Glass, Large halls are vulnerable, Build  ineririor  enclosed strong  rooom  for survival, u, have an emergency exit route that you can quickly come out of the  bulding , bamboo houses are good, Don’t build houses near hills and slopes

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WHAT TO DO DURING
AN EARTHQUAKE?
CALM DOWN
Try to stay as
calm as possible
Su•np
WHILE
DRIVING
If you are driving
stop in a safe place,
turn on the hazard lights
and stay inside the vehicle
INSIDE
Stay away from furniture,
windows and lamps
WHILE ON
WHEEL CHAIR
If you use a wheelchair,
put the brakes on in a
safe place and protect
your head with your arms
vivo
he a 'thc are
OUTSIDE
Stay away from buildings,
walls and 'X»wer poles
WHILE AT
CROWDED PLACE
If you are in a crowded
place protect your head
with your arms or take cover
under seats and tables

Vhat shall we do or not do
if an earthquake happens?
Dos
I.Stay in a small room,such
1. Be close to the
as kitchen or bathrm)lll
outside
2.11ide underthe table or
2.Stay on the
bed , if you haven't time
balcony
3. Jumpoutofthe
to escape.
3.1fyou stayin the open air
tall building
goto the fields trees
4. Use the lift

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DON'T PANIC
DROP
COVER AND
HOLD
KEEP DISTANCE GOT
FIND A
FROM ASSEMBLY
OUT
BUILDINGS
POINT

Cover your
head and
tn Case of Earthquake
use the
DO not use
use c.tevator
utility
wires
Get under desk
and hold On
Do not stand
at a
Drive to clear
area and
avoid bridges
Stag away from
potentially danger objects

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Drop
Cove r
way
Move 'rom Emer
H Old
panic; stay 8
Sta a to not t o
not rush to port,
Of the

DURING
STAY CALM.
When you are INSIDE a structurally
sound build irw or
STAY THERE'
the dÄr for
Duck under a sturdy desk or
and hold on to it, or your
with arms_
Stay a•.vay from glass
shetvos. and hevy
Beware O-SætS. Be al«t
and kæp your eye
Stay away fra•n træs.
and
Move frorn steep which
may by landside.
If you're nnr the and
an — rthquake, if it's
move quickly to
graznds. Tsuna mis m •ht fei10N.
in a moving
STOP and get out' Do not
overpasses, or flyovers which
have

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10 TIPS FOR
EARTHQUAKE SAFETY
QUAKE! Protect Yourself First.
• IV• and
• Stay u n til f—
AVAY
And Walls.
fall
Sure And
After An Earthquake
in
Culm. Cimk All Viro
Put Out Fire •aickly,
Riöt
Take The Right Action.
Calm. MAY
Sum F.mily
Sum Wayg
duking
And Aid.
to first

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How to Survive an Earth
INSIDE A BUILDING
1
DRIVING
n
OUTSIDE: In the City
In the Mountains
ua
At the Beach

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Watch out for aftershocks.
AFTER EARTHQUAKE
Avoid using the elevators.
Listen for any news update.

AFTER
Be for aftershxks.
Once shaking
take tre fastst
and safest way out of the
Don't...
Check...
d chemd, tdc
leave a nuage
statinqw are gang
and hg

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WHAT TO DO AFTER
AN EARTHQUAKE?
TURN OFF
water. electricity
and gas
PUT OUT
any fire
IF YOU ARE TRAPPED
USE
the stairs
LIGHT
with flashlights,
not fire
(D
Cover your mouth
and nose; don't
shout because you
can suffocate in the
dust. Hit with an
object to show your
position.
Be alert to the possible
aftershocks that might
occur
INJURED PEOPLE
DO not use the phone
unless absolutely
necessary
vivo
DO NOT USE
elevators
DO NOT ENTER
d a n. aged
buildings
DO not move seriously
injured people unless
they are in imminent
danger Of being
harmed.
Pay attention only to
information from the
authorities

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1. Due to Earthquake   in Hilly areas 2. Hill Terrain and  Slopy  areas 3. Due to Heavy Rain in Hilly Areas 4. Sink Hole in Plain areas.

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRVBfQafrYrSsbE6VKT_GQOFYkZExaZ7oo9dHV9oPn0YfcL1WgxqyTSZY-fyw

সম্পর্কিত চিত্র

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safety measures during landslides image এর চিত্র ফলাফল

Run away from the path not in linear direction but to the sides from where it is falling

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Tsunami Disaster- related to Earthquake in Ocean and Seas

Occur in coastal areas After some  time when Earthquake occur in the ocean and Seas Areas

•rSuNAmIS -IN Bé
QUICK FACTS
TSUNAMI WAVES EACH V'AVE be
BC TSUNAMIS
TSUNAMI WARNING SIGNS
.09
SHAKING
4 STEPS TO TSUNAMI SURVIVAL
STAY AV•VAY
FOLLOW
PROTECT
you
YOUR

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Safety Measures- Tsunami- Go to higher Ground, Building or Climb  a   tree or Hold unto things

Alert Name
WARNING
ADVISORY
Tsunami Alerts
Actions
Get to high ground inland
IMMEDIATELY
Follow signage
Stay out of the water and
away from the shore
Be prepared to take
Stay tuned to Ødi0/TV/
NOAA "alef weather radios
INFORMATIO
No action needed
STATEMENT
Potentia azar
OAKEN TSUNAMI w
currents
heightp3ftcv
STO"MRENTSANO
MNGEROUSWAVES
Wawheightsofl')ft.
TSUNAWlSPOSSlB1t
Akrt thar#
mom infomatim i' known
Alert Iml
"teinformatini'kno«
THREAT to international partnes Not to coasts
NATIONAL TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER Issues OFFICIAL TSUNAMI ALERTS.
CHECK TSUNAMI." OR WUTHERGOV WEBSITES FOR TSUNAMI ALERT

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Avalanches
A\/hat is Avalanche?
atalanche is a rapid movement of snow
slope as a result of structural weakness
cover

1.Occur In Snow and Glacier areas 2. Trigger Earthquake in  Glacier areas 3. Some Unusual movements and State of Glaciers- 4. Weather phenomena-Heat 5. Weakness and location at height

Avalanche Safety
of victims
trigger their own
avalanche
-20
Read the SportSøtland
9•paqe
brrhure tolan nm

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Avalanche Safety Tips
aware of recent weather concfitions
Take propr avolonche safety training
Carry survival quipment
Check avalanche wfety bulletins
Travel in a grwp

Safety tips
Run for trees
Cover mouth if
avalanche is going to
hit you
Take off any
equipment

Run in Horizontal direction from the Angle of falling- simply don’t run observe directions and magnitude of snow covering

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Cyclones/ Storm- How  to Survive during Storm

How oesa Tornado Form?
During a storm, cold air
and warm Fir combine in a
set pattern. The cold air
drops as the warm air
rises. The warm air
eventually twists into a
spiral and forms the funnel
cloud that we all associate
with a tornado.

The warmed air conkinues
the oceanftakinglits ijlåCe
and creating -more•uind.
Cdridensatio-n releases heat
into the atmosphere, making
the air lighter.
As the water vapour rises,
it cools and condenses into
liquid droplets.
the atrnosphere.
rnoist air tnovps
Warrn,
over the ocean.

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Storms/Cyclone Prone Zones- Coastal Areas

The seasons and
pathways Of tropical
cyclones (also known as
tropkal storms. ty#uns
and turrkanes)
'Ju*Nov
"9 -Oct
Areas where usually de-Rlop
The paths they usual*
SNrte: NASA

South Gujarat
Maharashtra
Goa
Very High
West Bengal
North Orissa
South Orissa
North Pradesh
South
North Kerala
North Nadu
Kerala Tamil Nadu
DegreeofV

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cyclone disaster safety measures এর চিত্র ফলাফল

safety measures during cyclone image এর চিত্র ফলাফল

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upues
Wet'
sharp
Should
Do's and Donts
n Be smart
Be prepared

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Stock
Of Hurricane
NEWS
news
Keep your
Close
Gee a
PLAN
ahead

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Tropical Cyclones
and
Squall a sudden violent
Of Wind or
bringing rain, snow, Or
overwhelming outpouring
for the Storm:
Latent heat of
www.pmnas.com

now TROPICAL STORMS ARE FORMED
humidity and ocean temperatures Over 26'C are major cont
Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale
CATEGORY n CATEGORYQ • CATEGORYO CATEGORY
ZS2

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Image result for poster for after and before flood of safety tips hd pic

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fire disaster safety image এর চিত্র ফলাফল

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Safety Tips - Do's and Don'ts
LPG Cylinder
Do's
safety Tips
Always keep tt•e
in vertical posit.ct' with
valve on tog
Always instal the
appliance ShoulC he al a
highe level than the
Retain safety cap with nylon
attached to Cylinder.
Fix the cap the valve to
Stoalaak, if ny Fix the
sa'ety t:ao on 'he valve.
Men cylinder is in use
Ensure the'e is
Zequa'e ventilatitH' at
level and at level
Don'ts

WHAT YOU SHOULD DO
IF THERE IS A GAS LEAK?
HOW A GAS LEAK OCCUR?
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH AN LPG LEAK
Kgs
STEPS you SHOULD TAKE 'N CASE O' AN LPG LEAK

Managing a Disaster & Safety Measures & Tips

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