Name: PowerPoint Presentation
Uploaded: 2022-01-16
Duration: 39 min 4 s
Description: Cairo University. Prepared by: Dr.Omar S. Hussein.

Cairo University. Prepared by: Dr.Omar S. Hussein. 

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GEN 1004 COMMUNICATION SKILLS Lecture 2: Communication Process, Presentation Skills, and  Listening Skills Prepared by  Dr. Omar Shokry Hussein 5/11/2019

- Two types of skills are needed to ensure an effective communication process: Hard Skill : is any skill that is learned to do a specific function with specific non-arguable rules. (e.g. Mathematics, Driving, etc.) Soft Skill: is any skill that is learned to improve the efficiency of doing something by setting general guidelines. Soft skills can be intrapersonal or interpersonal.. 

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1- Communication Process - A Communication process is the process of transferring information between individuals and it consists of five elements as shown in the figure below.

Sender
Encoding
Feedback
Message
Noise
Decoding
Receiver

- Two types of skills are needed to ensure an effective communication process: Hard Skill : is any skill that is learned to do a specific function with specific non-arguable rules. (e.g. Mathematics, Driving, etc.) Soft Skill:  is any skill that is learned to improve the efficiency of doing something by setting general guidelines. Soft skills can be intrapersonal or interpersonal.

Types of a Communication Process: A-Verbal : One to one communication, Telephone, Cam conference, Presentation, public Speech, written communication. B- Non-Verbal : 1-Kinesics (Emblems, Illustrator, Affect displays, Regulator, and Adapters) 2-Time Communication. 3-Smell communication. 4- Touch communication. 5-Paralanguage. 6-Artifacts. 7-Space • Intimate distance (0–18 inches) • Personal distance (18 inches to 4 feet) • Social distance (4–12 feet) • Public distance (over 12 feet)). 

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Characteristics of an Effective Communication  Process: 1- Clear.   2- Complete.  3- Correct.     4- Concise.

Types of a Communication Process: A-Verbal  :  One to one communication, Telephone, Cam conference, Presentation, public Speech, written communication. B- Non-Verbal :  1-Kinesics (Emblems, Illustrator, Affect displays, Regulator, and Adapters)   2-Time Communication.   3-Smell communication.    4- Touch communication.    5-Paralanguage.   6-Artifacts.   7-Space         • Intimate distance (0–18 inches)              • Personal distance (18 inches to 4 feet)         • Social distance (4–12 feet)                      • Public distance (over 12 feet))

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Barriers to an Effective Communication (Noise)

Physical Noise (Attention filters) : 1-Nosie,   2-Environment, 3-Interruption, 4-Timing Personal Noise (Emotional Noise) 1-Prejudice and Stereotype,   2-Status,  3-Experience,  4-Assumption,   5-Values and beliefs,  6-Self-centered.  Semantic Noise (Word filters): 1-Different language, 2-Technical terms ( Jarons ),  3-Emotionally-charged word (criticize, moralize, order, threatening, advising, diverting,)

B- While designing your slides: B.1- The first slide should contain a clear topic title, presenter’s names and their affiliation, date, institution’s name and symbol. B.2- The second page should include the objectives of the presentations. The objectives should be clear and coherent. B.3- It is better to use a white background. Very dark background can have a negative effect on the audience. Also the background should not contain too much graphics that can cause distraction.. 

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B- While designing your slides: B.1- The first slide should contain a clear topic title, presenter’s names and their affiliation, date, institution’s name and symbol. B.2-  The second page should include the objectives of the presentations. The objectives should be clear and coherent. B.3- It is better to use a white background. Very dark background can have a negative effect on the audience. Also the background should not contain too much graphics that can cause distraction.

A-Skills Before Designing your presentation: A.1- Analyze your Audience. (Place, Size, Time Limit, Knowledge). A.2- Set S.M.A.R.T objectives. (Specific, Measurable, attainable, Relative, Time bounded).

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B- While designing your slides: (Continued) B.4- The slides should not contain a lot of empty spaces. You can increase the font size or combine multiple slides. B.5- The slides should not contain a lot of writing or paragraphs. Just write simple sentences. The audience should be listening to you, not be reading from the slides. B.6- Do not use too much animation while transitioning between points. Just use the simple “appear” animation. B.7-You should add a summary or a conclusion slide. B.8- You should add a last slide indicating that the presentation has ended. (e.g. Thank you for your time,  any questions,  etc …) B.9- The font should be compatible with the room size. For our lecture room, the font  size can be between 24-28. The font type should be clear to read (e.g. Times New Roman)

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B- While designing your slides: (Continued) B.10- The style and layout should be consistent for all slides. B.11- Make sure to leave suitable slide margins. B.12- Make sure that the slides aspect ratio is compatible with the screen. B.13-You should rehearse multiple times to make sure the smooth transition between points and to check your timing. B.14- You can prepare note cards to help you memorize what you want to say.

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C- While Presenting: C.1- You must try your equipment and settings where you will do the presentation, if possible. C.2-When presenting the objectives of your presentation, make sure to show how these objectives are coherent. C.3- You should not keep reading from your slides, and not be looking at your audience, unless you are explaining something on the screen like a graph. C.4- Do not speak too fast or too slow. Also, do not look like you are just reciting something from memory.  C.5- Do not move too much.

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C- While Presenting: (Continued) C.6- Do not ask too much questions to your audience. C.7- Do not speak in a foreign language unless you have to. This can cause the message to be unclear, especially if you have a strong accent. C.8- Do not stand in front of the screen to point something; use a laser pointer. C.9- The speaker should be the one who have control of flipping the slides. C.10- If you are asked a question that you don’t know, simply say that you don’t know. If you are asked a question outside the topic or your answer will be to long, you can reply with a short answer and encourage the person to discuss it with you after the session.

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3- Listening Skills 1- Willing, Focusing, and Patience. 2- Avoid communication barriers and selective listening. (Physical and Personal noise) 3-Showing interest and encouraging the speaker.   - Believe that you will learn new information, refresh old information, learn new information from another perspective. (win/win attitude)   - Positive body-language will motivate the speaker. 4- Take notes. 5- Evaluating the message. 6- Being interactive. (ask questions without interruption) 7- If you want to criticize, do not do it in public, wait till the session is over and advise the speaker in person.

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End of Lecture 2 For Slides Template: https://www.slidemembers.com/

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