GROUP 2

GROUP 2. A presentation by: DAGALEA ECONAR ENRIQUEZ GABRINEZ GACCION.

a. Retributive Justice The root word of retribution is '' tribution :'' in Latin this means ''I pay back'' and has a similar meaning to paying a debt that is owed. Retributive justice requires that the punishment be proportionate and meted out at the same level as the crime. 18th-century philosopher Immanuel Kant wrote in his work Metaphysics of Morals that the only appropriate type of punishment was based on retribution and none other. EXAMPLES of Retributive Justice ● A death penalty for someone after convicting him of murdering another person – a life for a life. ● Traitors were executed by drawing and quartering , and servants who killed their master or mistress were boiled alive. ● Those convicted of witchcraft or heresy were burned at the stake ..

b. Restorative Justice Restorative Justice is a process through which remorseful offenders accept responsibility for their misconduct, particularly to their victims and to the community. It creates obligation to make things right through proactive involvement of victims, ownership of the offender of the crime and the community in search for solutions which promote repair, reconciliation and reassurance. EXAMPLES of Restorative Justice ● Victim assistance ● Community service ● Victim-offender mediation ● Peacemaking circles ● Family group conferencing.

C. Transformative Justice While coming from the same background as restorative justice, transformative justice takes a bit of a bolder approach. Instead of simply seeking to restore the actors, Transformative justice sets out to transform them for the better. Transformative Justice is a political framework and approach for responding to violence, harm and abuse. It seeks to respond to violence without creating more violence and/or engaging in harm reduction to lessen the violence. EXAMPLES of Transformative Justice: API Chaya Black Women’s Blueprint.

2. Which of the above is the best approach and why?.

Multilateral Treaty. A multilateral treaty is an international agreement concluded between three or more parties, each possessing treaty-making capacity..

Examples of Multilateral Treaties. The 1919 Treaty of Versailles The 1945 UN Charter United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948) UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) North Atlantic Treaty Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.

4. What is an international law? Explain the role of the UN in the codification and development of the UDHR ( Universal Declaration of Human Rights)?.