Human Body System Project

3D render of cells. Human Body System Project. System: Reproductive System By: Andile Junior Maraba the 3 rd Gr: 9B.

Hand holding baby feet. Contents:. Function of the reproductive system Main processes of the reproductive system Purpose of reproduction Stages of reproduction Prevention of pregnancy Unhealthy lifestyles during pregnancy Issues related to reproduction.

[Audio] What are the 2 main functions of the human male reproductive system? The purpose of the organs of the male reproductive system is to perform the following functions: To produce, maintain, and transport sperm (the male reproductive cells) and protective fluid ( semen) To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract during sex..

[Audio] Functions of reproductive system-how do you know you are ready for reproduction?: You will know you are ready to reproduce when your body starts going through a process called puberty. Puberty is the stage from when the child's body is maturing and preparing them for reproduction and adulthood Puberty in girls and boys is different so they go through completely different processes In boys the penis gets larger getting them ready for sex, the testes get larger and start producing sperm for fertilization of an egg, Their voices get deeper and more mature, and They start growing hair on their faces, under their arms pits, on their chests, abdominal area, backs, on their testes and area around the groin and they get taller than they were before.

[Audio] Firstly we have the testis that produces the male gametes called sperm cells produced because of testosterone The sperm cells move from the testis to the epididymis which connects the testis to the vas deferens The vas deferens takes the sperm to the urethra where it meets the seminal vesicle where seminal juices are secreted to protect the sperm from the dangerous acids of the vagina The prostate gives the now semen nutrients for its journey through the vagina ready-to-bet o be a fertilized egg. From the Urethra the semen moves out of the penis to the vagina.

[Audio] Puberty in girls: In girls puberty is way more different and stressful for both the girl and their parent as menstruation occurs monthly and girls begin to have certain needs. Menstruation is the monthly fall of the blood lining in the uterus if an egg cell is not fertilized. Changes in girls are, Breasts begin to develop, hips get wider and rounder, body growth, pubic hair starts to grow, under arm hair starts to grow, Menstruation occurs monthly, body odor and the ovaries begin to form ova(female sex cell also known as eggs).

[Audio] Firstly we have the vagina which is where the penis is inserted during copulation, after the male ejaculates the semen makes its way through the vagina's toxic fluids and past the cervix on its way to the Uterus. From the uterus the sperm has to choose one of two paths ways to take, these pathways are called the fallopian tubes, in the fallopian tubes an egg cell can be found and one sperm cell can be fused with the egg cell. Once fertilized the newly formed zygote makes its way into the uterus and undergoes the process of implantation..

[Audio] Main processes of the reproductive system: In the reproductive process, male sperm and a female egg provide the information required to produce another human being. Conception occurs when these cells join as the egg is fertilized. Pregnancy begins once the fertilized egg implants in the uterus. The embryo grows and becomes surrounded by structures that provide support and nourishment. Eyes, limbs, and organs appear as the embryo develops into a fetus. The fetus grows inside the uterus until the pregnancy ends with labor and birth. By then all body systems are in place—including the reproductive system that can one day help produce another human being..

[Audio] The purpose of the reproductive system?: The purpose of the reproductive system is to ensure the survival of a certain species of life, as life is a constant race for survival so reproduction is a key factor that ensures that. Humans reproduce at a massive rate.

[Audio] Stages of reproduction: There are 7 stages of human reproduction: The first stage of reproduction is Ovulation-during puberty unripe ova becomes ripe, and one ripe egg is released by one of the ovaries every month During ovulation a ripe egg is released into the fallopian tube The egg is ready to be fertilised Fertilisation takes place in the Fallopian tube.

[Audio] The second stage of reproduction is menstruation, during menstruation if the egg is not fertilized, the blood lining breaks away from the uterus, and the unfertilized egg and thick lining leave the body through the vagina This process is perfectly normal and indicates that a teenage girl is growing up Menstruation does not occur during pregnancy Menstruation is controlled by the hormones Oestrogen and Progesterone.

[Audio] Now enjoy this short video that explains menstruation in a much better context.

[Audio] Stages of reproduction: The next stage of reproduction is known as copulation, sex, or sexual intercourse When a man and a woman have sex, the man's penis becomes erect and is slid into the woman's vagina Once the man reaches a climax he ejaculates semen from his penis into the vagina which contains millions of sperm cells The released sperm cells move through the cervix into the uterus and from there they enter the oviduct Inside the oviduct one sperm cell fertilises the egg..

Copulation explored in detail:.

[Audio] Stages of reproduction: Fertilisation, fertilization is the fusion of a male sperm cell with a female egg to form a zygote When a sperm cell encounters an egg, the head of the sperm cell penetrates the egg Fertilisation occurs when the sperm's nucleus merges with an egg's nucleus Only one sperm can fertilize an egg After fertilization a new membrane forms around the egg to keep the other sperm cells out.

Fertilization and its types.

[Audio] Implantation: The zygote begins to grow through cell division and moves down the oviduct into the uterus The zygote is implanted in the inner lining of the uterus wall The zygote is now called an embryo The woman is now pregnant!.

Implantation:.

[Audio] Stages of reproduction Pregnancy: The embryo grows and develops and about after 2 months it starts to look like a little person It is now a fetus, the thickened uterine wall forms a special tissue rich in blood vessels called the placenta It leaves the body after birth, the fetus is connected to the placenta through the umbilical cord, and blood vessels in the umbilical cord carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus Similarly, carbon dioxide and waste products such as urine are carried from the fetus to the mother hence the frequent bathroom visits The period of about 9 months( 45 weeks) from fertilization to birth is called pregnancy or the gestation period.

Pregnancy.

[Audio] Stages of reproduction-Birth: Birth is the process by which the mature fetus is pushed from the uterus through the vagina and is separated from the mother This occurs after the 9 months of pregnancy A few weeks before birth, the fetus turns with its head down in the uterus The baby is pushed head first through the vagina The umbilical cord is tied and cut The placenta is discharged from the uterus as the " afterbirth" The mammary glands in the breasts now begin to secrete milk The cervix can stretch to 10cm wide for the head of the baby to get out of the uterus Sometimes birth is too difficult for the mother and a c-section is performed to surgically remove the baby from the womb.

[Audio] Prevention of pregnancy: If people have no desire of conceiving young there are ways in which pregnancy can be prevented Protective measures can be taken such as using condoms, contraceptive pills and injections, getting a vasectomy( Men), getting your fallopian tubes tied ( women) or getting your eggs frozen (women) A vasectomy in men is irreversible but there is still a 0,1% chance a sperm cell can be found in semen Condoms are not a 100% effective as there is a 3% chance the condom fails and pregnancy happens Contraceptive pills and injections contain hormones that prevent eggs from being released from the ovaries so there will be no ova to fertilise and the sperm will die, this method is 99% effective The pill and injection does not offer protection against STD's Getting your fallopian tubes tied is a 100% effective method to prevent pregnancy as a surgical procedure is endured and is reversable Freezing your eggs is a very dangerous procedure as it is not 100% effective and may cause pregnancy t occur in the fallopian tubes which is very painful.

[Audio] Unhealthy lifestyle during pregnancy: Just as food and oxygen pass from the mother to the fetus through the placenta, the harmful substances of alcohol and viruses that cause disease can pass to the fetus Smoking cigarettes causes harmful substances to enter the blood of the womb, which passes through to the fetus A pregnant woman who drinks alcohol, even just a few glasses, places her baby at risk of contracting fetal alcohol syndrome Some medicines and drugs, German measles, HIV/AIDS can be transmitted to the fetus too..