LESSON 1 USE HAND TOOLS

LESSON 1 USE HAND TOOLS. GROUP 1 MRS Bague.

Basic hand Tools Driving of Tools. Screwdrivers are hand tools specifically designed to insert and tighten or to loosen and remove screws . A screwdriver comprises a head or tip which engages with a screw a mechanism to apply force by rotating the tip and some way to position and support the screwdriver. the tip of which is shaped to fit a particular type of screw..

A.Slotted Screwdriver is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.

B.Phillips Screwdriver is used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws. It is a screwdriver that could take greater torque and could provide tighter fastenings.

C.Jeweler's Screwdriver Set-is a set of small screw drivers composed of slotted and phillips screwdrivers..

Soldering Tools. Soldering Iron- is a device for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two metal parts. A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. For electrical work, wires are usually soldered to printed circuit boards, other wires or small terminals. A low-power iron (20-30 Watts) is suitable for this work..

Soldering Tools. Soldering Tool Stand-is a place where the soldering iron is placed during usage. This will keep the soldering iron away from flammable materials. The stand often comes with a sponge used in cleanning the tip of the soldering iron..

Soldering Tools. Desoldering tool is used in removing soldered wires and components on printed circuit boards for troubleshooting and repair purposes.

Splicing Tools. Long Nose is used for holding,bending, and stretching the lead of electronic component or connecting wires..

Splicing Tools. Side Cutter is a wire-cutting pliers, though they are not used to grab or turn anything, but are used to cut wires..

3. Splicing Tools. Wire Stripper is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters. The addtion of a center notch makes it easier to cut the insulation without cutting te wire..

Boring Tools. 12V Mini-Drill- is used to bore or drill holes in the printed circuit board (PCB) with sizes from 1/32"-1/16" Portable Electronic Drill is used for boring hole (s) in plastic or metal chassis with the use of drill bits having sizes from 1/6 to approximately 1/4.

Metal Files These are hand tools having a series of sharp, parrallel ridges or teeth. Most files have a narrow, pointed tang at one end to which a handle can be fitted..

Cutting Tools. Utility Knife is a common tool used in cutting various trades and crafts for a veriety of purposes. Hacksaw is used for cutting metals. Some have pistol grips which keep the hacksaw firm and easy to grip. The small hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal arch with handle that fits around a narrow rigid blade..

Magnifying Glass is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an object. The lens is usually mounted on a frame with a handle. Roger Bacon is the original inventor of the magnifying glass. A magnifying glass works by creating a magnified virtual image of an object behind the lens. Some magnifying glasses are foldable with built-in light. Paint Brush is a type of brush made of bristles set in handle, used for cleaning dirty parts of a circuit or an object aside from using it for painting..

Electronic equipment. Aside from hand tools, other types of equipment are also needed for more accurate and quality output. Three of the most used equipment are presented here for you to be familiar with their uses and the proper way of maintaining them. A. Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter. It is an equipment that combines three functions: as a voltmeter that measures both ac and dc voltages, an ohmmeter that measures resistance; and milliammeter that measures small amount of dc current As safety precautions in the maintenance of this instrument, the following should be observed:.

Always rest the function switch at 250V AC if an OFF position is not available in the instrument. For current and voltage measurements, always set the function switch in the correct setting which is a little higher than the expected current or voltage present in the circuit. Place the instrument in a cool dry place, away from any magnetic devices, and free from vibrations..

B. Oscilloscope. An oscilloscope (commonly abbreviated CRO, for cathode-ray oscilloscope, or scope) is a piece of electronic test equipment that allows signal voltages to be viewed, usually as a two-dimensional graph of one or more electrical potential differences (vertical axis) plotted as a function of time or of some other voltage (horizontal axis) C. Signal generator. A signal generator is a device which produces simple wave forms.

Such devices contain an electronic oscillator, a circuit that is capable of creating a repetitive waveform. These are typically used in simple electronics repair and design where they are used to stimulate a circuit under test​ ​ Oscilloscope and signal generator should be given regular checkup for at least once a week by connecting them to the power line. This will help prevent their components from having moisture that might cause trouble in their circuit​ ​ In any activity involving skills, it is a standard procedure that you must always use the right tool or equipment property needed for particular task. However despite this reminder or caution some student abuse the use of tools the following are common faults that most be avoided​.

Do not increase the handle length of pliers to gain more leverage.Use a large pair of pliers or bolt cutters if necessary. Never use pliers as a hammer on the handle. Such abuse is likely to result in cracks or breaks Cut hardened wires only with pliers designed for that purpose. Always cut the wires in right angle never rock from a side to side or bend wire back of forth against the cutting edges. Do not substitute pliers for a wrench when turning bolts and nuts. Pliers cannot grip these items properly and might cause a slip and create an accident.

Never use screwdrivers as a pry bar, chisel, and punch stirrer or scraper. Never use screwdrivers with broken or worn-out handles. Screwdrivers of these kinds should have tags to indicate that they are defective. Never use pliers on a screwdriver for extra leverage. Only use wrench or screwdrivers specifically designed for purpose..

Utility Knives/Blades Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are more likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to "tear" instead of cut. Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed. Don't bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or loosen tight cover of containers. Blades are brittle and can snap easily.

USING HAND TOOLS BASED ON THEIR FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION.

Safety Check. Do not use flammable cleaners or water on electrical equipment. Make sure designated walkways are kept clear of any obstructions Always wear protective clothing and use the appropriate safety equipment. Make sure that you understand and observe all legislative and personal safety procedures when carrying out the following tasks..