Gestational Diabetes

[Virtual Presenter] Gestational Diabetes Understanding Diagnosis and Management MY Name IS DR abeer Date IS 30TH june 2024 Understanding Diagnosis and Management Welcome to our presentation on Gestational Diabetes. Today we will be discussing the understanding diagnosis and management of this condition. This presentation incorporates guidelines from the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Pakistan (S-O-G-P-) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (N-I-C-E-). My name is [dr.Abeer] and today's date is 30TH June 2024" My Name Is Dr Abeer Date IS 30TH june 2024.

[Audio] Introduction Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. Affects about 2-10% of pregnancies. Critical to manage for the health of both mother and baby. Guidelines Overview: This presentation incorporates recommendations from the sogp and nice guidelines. Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. It affects about 2-10% of pregnancies making it a significant concern for maternal and fetal health. Effective management of gestational diabetes is crucial to ensure the well-being of both mother and baby. In this presentation we will follow the recommendations from the sogp and nice guidelines to provide comprehensive and evidence-based information.

[Audio] Risk Factors Several factors increase the risk of developing gestational diabetes: Age over 25 Family history of diabetes Obesity Previous history of gestational diabetes Polycystic ovary syndrome (P-C-O-S-) Ethnic background (for example Hispanic African-American Native American Asian) sogp and nice Risk Factors: Emphasize similar risk factors as well as specifics from both guidelines. There are several factors that increase the risk of developing gestational diabetes. These include being over the age of 25 having a family history of diabetes obesity previous history of gestational diabetes polycystic ovary syndrome (P-C-O-S-) and belonging to certain ethnic backgrounds such as Hispanic African-American Native American and Asian. Both sogp and nice guidelines emphasize these risk factors highlighting the importance of screening and monitoring at-risk populations to ensure early detection and management..

[Audio] Pathophysiology Gestational diabetes occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the extra needs during pregnancy. Hormones from the placenta can make cells more resistant to insulin. Gestational diabetes occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased needs during pregnancy. Hormones produced by the placenta can make cells more resistant to insulin leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Understanding the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes helps in implementing effective management strategies to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications..

[Audio] Diagnosis Screening Methods: sogp: Recommends an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (O-G-T-T-) at 24-28 weeks of gestation. nice: Recommends an O-G-T-T for women with risk factors at 24-28 weeks. Diagnostic Criteria: sogp: Fasting glucose ≥ 92 milligrams/dL 1-hour post glucose ≥ 180 milligrams/dL 2-hour post glucose ≥ 153 milligrams/dL. nice: Similar criteria with emphasis on fasting and post-load glucose levels. Screening for gestational diabetes is crucial for early detection and management. The sogp recommends an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (O-G-T-T-) at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Similarly nice guidelines recommend an O-G-T-T for women with risk factors at 24-28 weeks. The diagnostic criteria include fasting glucose levels of 92 milligrams/dL or higher 1-hour post glucose levels of 180 milligrams/dL or higher and 2-hour post glucose levels of 153 milligrams/dL or higher. These criteria are essential for diagnosing and managing gestational diabetes effectively..

[Audio] Symptoms Common Symptoms: Increased thirst Frequent urination Fatigue Nausea Impact: Mother: High blood pressure preeclampsia Baby: Large birth weight respiratory issues Common symptoms of gestational diabetes include increased thirst frequent urination fatigue and nausea. These symptoms can have significant impacts on both the mother and baby. For the mother gestational diabetes can lead to high blood pressure and preeclampsia. For the baby it can result in large birth weight and respiratory issues. It is important to recognize these symptoms early and seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and management..

[Audio] Management Lifestyle Changes: Healthy diet (balanced low in sugars) Regular physical activity Monitoring: sogp: Recommends self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. nice: Recommends blood glucose monitoring four times a day. Medications: sogp: Insulin therapy if blood glucose levels are not controlled with diet and exercise. nice: Metformin and/or insulin if necessary. Managing gestational diabetes involves several approaches. Lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet that is balanced and low in sugars and engaging in regular physical activity are crucial. Monitoring blood sugar levels is also important. The sogp recommends self-monitoring of blood glucose levels while nice recommends monitoring blood glucose levels four times a day. If lifestyle changes are not sufficient to control blood sugar levels medications may be necessary. The sogp recommends insulin therapy if blood glucose levels are not controlled with diet and exercise while nice guidelines suggest the use of metformin and/or insulin if necessary..

[Audio] Complications Short-term: Mother: High blood pressure preterm labor Baby: Hypoglycemia jaundice Long-term: Increased risk of Type 2 diabetes for both mother and child sogp and nice emphasize similar long-term risks. Gestational diabetes can lead to several complications. In the short term mothers may experience high blood pressure and preterm labor while babies may face hypoglycemia and jaundice. In the long term both mother and child are at an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Both sogp and nice guidelines emphasize the importance of managing these risks through regular monitoring and appropriate medical interventions..

[Audio] Prevention Strategies: Maintain a healthy weight before and during pregnancy Eat a balanced diet Exercise regularly Prenatal Care: Regular check-ups to monitor and manage health sogp and nice: Regular monitoring and preventive measures as per guidelines. Preventing gestational diabetes involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle before and during pregnancy. Strategies include maintaining a healthy weight eating a balanced diet and engaging in regular exercise. Regular prenatal care is essential for monitoring and managing health throughout the pregnancy. Both sogp and nice guidelines recommend regular monitoring and preventive measures to ensure early detection and management of gestational diabetes..

[Audio] Case Study Example Patient: 30-year-old woman with no prior history of diabetes. Diagnosis: Detected via O-G-T-T in the second trimester. Management: Diet modification exercise and insulin therapy. Outcome: Healthy baby delivered at term blood sugar levels returned to normal postpartum. Let's consider a case study of a 30-year-old woman with no prior history of diabetes. She was diagnosed with gestational diabetes via an O-G-T-T in the second trimester. Her management plan included diet modification regular exercise and insulin therapy. As a result she delivered a healthy baby at term and her blood sugar levels returned to normal postpartum. This case highlights the importance of early detection comprehensive management and regular follow-up in ensuring positive outcomes for both mother and baby..

[Audio] Conclusion Key Takeaways: Early detection and management are crucial. Gestational diabetes can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication. Regular prenatal care is essential for preventing complications. Ensuring the health of both mother and baby. In conclusion early detection and management of gestational diabetes are crucial for preventing complications and ensuring the health of both mother and baby. Gestational diabetes can be effectively managed with lifestyle changes and medication and regular prenatal care is essential for monitoring and managing the condition. Thank you for your attention.

[Audio] Q&A Questions and Answers We have now reached the end of the presentation. I would like to open the floor for any questions you may have. Please feel free to ask any questions or share your thoughts on gestational diabetes..