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GROUP 6. RIMBERIO CO. Bitco Jaranilla Yu.
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STREAM FLOW AND DISCHARGE CALCULATIONS.
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STREAM FLOW. • A stream is defined as a flow channel into which the surface runoff from specified basin drains. • The discharge flowing in a stream is called stream flow.
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STREAM DISCHARGE. Stream discharge is derived from four sources: channel precipitation, overland flow, interflow, and groundwater ..
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2 STEPS EMPLOYED IN STREAM FLOW MEASUREMENTS. Step 1.
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STAGE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES. Non recording/ Manual stream gauges.
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VERTICAL STAFF GAUGE. Staff/post with markings for measurement of water level..
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WIRE GAUGE. Wire is lowered from the permanent strcutures (E.e. Bridge, Pier) such that the weight attached at the end of the wire touches the water surface..
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Recorder Approach bridge tage gauge Intake pipes Intake well Stilling well installation.
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STREAM FLOW MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES. can be broadly classified into two categories:.
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DIRECT DETERMINATION. Area Velocity Method. 01. Electro-magnetic Method.
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INDIRECT DETERMINATION. Hydraulic Structures. 01.
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1 . Discharge measurement Using Mid method s 9 10 4 2.
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Example: Determine the dischargdusing both mean section and mid section method? vert. 12 13 14 19 Dist. 10 13 14 24 0.00 0.31 040 oss 1.19 0.92 070 063 oss 048 0.00 0.6d 0.000 o. 193 079 0238 0143 0216 ouz 0150 ons 0.000 Veloci , m/s O.2d ous 028 oss 0.317 027 ous 027 028 ous oas 0.8d 026 ozs 028 0.252 0138 0138 027 0.193 0.138.
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Example:. A Velocity of 2ft/s is measured with a current meter placed 0.4 ft above the bottom of a small stream. The estimated cross-sectional area of the stream is 2 sq ft, and the flow depth is 1 ft. What is the estimated flow rate?.
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Example:. Determine the discharge of a stream having a cross-section area of 50 sq ft and a wetted perimeter of 16 ft, using the slope-area method. The difference in elevation of the water surface 500 ft apart is 0.3 ft. The channel has straight banks with some weeds..
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RIMBERIO CO. THANK YOU.