final ppt (may 25)

EFFECTS OF LIFESTYLE PATTERNS ON BMI OF IMD 24 STUDENTS OF DMSFI DURING THE PANDEMIC ( COVID 19 ).

INTRODUCTION :. A healthy lifestyle is often seen as “balanced life”. dramatic improvement in life condition, changes lifestyle to various problems. COVID -19 has influenced our lifestyle, by staying at home with digital education, working smart, limiting outdoor exercise and storing food, due ban. additionally confinement can lead to boredom, which is also associated with increased energy use. Increase in BMI and obesity is closely related to severe COVID-19 complications, physical inactivity is directly related to weight gain. High BMI among students IMD 24 may be taking foods mixed with unhealthy foods such as fast foods, sweets and sugary drinks..

The main objective is to measure the prevalence and acquisition of obesity-related traits among IMD 24 students. Various Elements that influence BMI and contribute to obesity among college students like eating patterns, diet frequency, and skipping breakfast and closure policies. Australian study revealed that lifestyle changes has simultaneous associations in (BMI) z points, as well as pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal eating patterns. Body mass index (BMI) is a metaphor currently used to define anthropometric characteristics / weight in adults and to divide (group). The common denominator represents indication of obesity. It’s a risk factor for the development or spread of a few health issues..

4. Unhealthy lifestyles such as excessive drinking, smoking, lack of exercise, poor nutrition and insomnia create significant costs to society and health care systems. Many unhealthy behaviours of online student lifestyles , makes them less involved in academics and physical activities, causing them to skip meals, run for fast foods, sweets, fried, unhealthy beverages which obviously causes an increase in BMI secondary to that diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases may appear. Proper physical activity, weight management, smoking cessation prevent health problems. This study will be conducted to determine the effects of lifestyle pattern (Physical activity, diet, stress etc.) on the BMI of IMD 24 DMSFI students during pandemic..

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE ...

GENERAL OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the effects of lifestyle patterns on BMI of IMD 24 students of DMSFI during the pandemic ( COVID 19 )..

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE. 7. 1. To determine the demographic profiles of respondents as : BMI ( using BMI scale ) Age Sex 2. To determine the lifestyle patterns of the respondents, using Simple Lifestyle Indicator Questionnaire (SLIQ) , based on a. Diet b. Physical activity c. Stress d. Alcohol e. Smoking 3. To determine the effect of lifestyle patterns on BMI of imd 24 students of DMSFI during the pandemic ..

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY. 8.

1. This study will benefit the respondents by revealing the effects of the sluggish pandemic lifestyle on their BMI, which will directly affect their well being and encourages them to plan a better lifestyle pattern which will help them maintain the required BMI rate. 2. This study will also benefit the family, relatives, and faculties of the respondents by promoting the knowledge about the effects of pandemic lifestyle patterns on the BMI of their loved ones, and also increases the awareness of the effects their own lifestyle patterns have on their BMI..

3. Friends and peers will be more mindful of what they consume (food) and their level of physical activeness, knowing that the behaviors mentioned above will have a great influence on their physical, mental and emotional well being. 4. This study will also promote and encourage the future researchers to investigate deeper and to establish a better lifestyle pattern which could may be maintained also in future possible pandemic for the society..

EFFECT OF COVID - 19 CHANGE IN LIFESTYLE PATTERN DIET INTAKE MENTAL STRESS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SLEEP QUANTITY SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR IMPLICATIONS ON BODY MASS INDEX (BMI).

12. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK : CEffect of COVUD 19 (INDEPENDENT VARIABLE) Srnoking Exercise BMI (Body Mass Index) (DEPENDENT VARIABLE) Alcohol consu•nption Stress.

Review of related literature. 13. Impacts of pandemic on health - unclear but substantial. (Pearl, 2020).supply chain disruptions and panic buying - increased reliance on unhealthy food (Tan et al., 2020). A study found that 3 weeks into lockdown - less time exercising and an increase in food consumption (Pietrobelli et al., 2020). Healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of disease. A study (Lifestyle patterns associated with diet, physical activity, body mass index and amount of recent weight loss in a sample of successful weight losers Paul T Fuglestad, Robert W Jeffery & Nancy E Sherwood 26 July 2012) identified 4 meaningful lifestyle and weight control behavioural factors - regularity of meals, tv viewing and eating, eating away from home and intentional weight control strategies..

14. Another study (Identification of lifestyle patterns associated with obesity and fat mass in children: the Healthy Growth Study. Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 March 2013) identified 3 lifestyle patterns related with lower odds of obesity - considered as one of the components of childhood obesity preventive initiative 1st pattern - Higher diary consumption + adequate breakfast 2nd pattern - higher high fiber food 3rd pattern - higher physical activity + more frequent meals. The United States has a higher proportion of overweight adults and children than any other country in the world (McKay, 2014; OECD, 2014)..

BMI - relates body weight to heigh t * Used to measure total body fat * Poor lifestyle - increase BMI - Coronary heart disease risk factors * Especially among students - there is an urgency to study the relationship between BMI, fitness, socioeconomic level and academic performance. * In current world there are many chances for young ppl to be physically inactive + overconsumption of readily available unhealthy high fat, high calorie food --> overweight in youngsters..

16. BMI mediates the relationship between two lifestyle factors (fiber diet, aerobic exercise) and HDL, LDL, and triglycerides in adolescents. Diet high in total fat, saturated fat and unsaturated fat, dietary cholesterol + inactivity (little aerobic exercise) --> high BMI —> decreased HDL & increased LDL and triglycerides. This finding is consistent with previous surveys in young adults (Boreham et al., 2001; Katzmarzyk et al., 1999; Sallis et al., 1988; Tolfrey et al., 1999). Physical activity --> increases aerobic fitness --> decreases BMI (Katzmarzyk et al., 1999; Sallis & Owen, 1999)..

17. Research shows that brains of fit (healthy weight) people perform better than those who are obese (Cserjesi, et al., 2007; Gunstad, et al., 2007; Li, et al., 2008). Overweight and/or obese students scored consistently poorer on academic indicators than normal Weight students (Campos, et al., 1996; Datar & Sturm, 2006; Krukowski, et al., 2009; Li, 1995; Shore, et al., 2008; Tershakovec, Weller, & Gallagher, 1994). Researchers found an association between fitness and academic success (Carlson, et al., 2008; Castelli, et al., 2007; Chomitz, et al., 2009; Coe, et al., 2006; Cottrell, et al., 2007; Eveland-Sayers, et al., 2009; Grissom, 2005; Stevens, et al., 2008; Welk, et al., 2010; Wittberg, et al., 2009)..

18. The underlying latent variables such as physical activity, anxiety status, dietary patterns, sleeping patterns, smoking and alcohol consumption have predominant effect on the person BMI status. BMI is a necessary tool but it alone cannot precisely determine whether a person is healthy, but using it in combination with other indicators --> provide a more clear and complete picture..

RESEARCH DESIGN. 19. # Descriptive cross sectional study..

Purposive sampling. SETTING. 20. Davao Medical School Foundation , Bajada Davao City, Philippines..

VARIABLES…. 21. DEPENDENT VARIABLE # Age, Sex, BMI. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE # Lifestyle which includes diet, physical activity, alcohol and smoking by SLIQ(Simple Lifestyle Indicator Questionnaire)..

DATA COLLECTION. 22. After getting approval from the physiology department of Davao Medical School Foundation the researchers meet the respondents by giving informed consent. When respondents accept to participate then the questionnaires will be distributed to the respondents. Then the responses from the respondents are collected , the researchers analyse the responses by using statistical tools..

DATA ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics for sample population. Pearson correlation coefficients will be calculated to determine the direction, strength, and significance of the relationship between the explanatory and response variables..

abstract. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Right of respondents to withdraw from participating in the research. Informed consent will be given to the respondents which contains all the details about the research. Confidentiality of information about the respondents will be assured. Privacy and anonymity of respondents will be considered as of paramount importance. Storage of data will be in a safe place which can be accessed only by the chief researcher and guidance department..

25. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY. There may be problems regarding sampling when conducting online research, i.e, relatively little may be known about the characteristics of people aside from some basic demographic variables. The response to the survey may be slow, there could also be false responses that may bias the study..

QUESTIONNAIRE. 26. ?.

27.

28. Fgure 1. The Sinple Lifestyle Indicator Questiomaire md its scoring scheme DIET: To answer these questiotL think about your eating hauts durt'g the pzt yez. Indiote bow often pu eat the following foods Please inchide all meals. snacks. and food eatet out Lettuce or green leafy salaq with or withmR other voetabks u than ltweek Q llweek 1 Q 2-3 timestweek 2 3 Fruit, inchiding fresn canned, or fnzen but not including ikes u than ltweek tld" 4 Ild7f 4 2 ormre Q 2 «mre Q ltweek 1 Q 2-3 times— Q tim«ek 2 3 High-fibre cereal* such as Raisin Bran or Fruit and Fibre. moked or wtnk-gnin bred$ z wtüle wheat, rte, or pumrmkkd u than ltweek Q ltweek 1 Q 2-3 timest«eek Q 4-6 2 Q 2 cgmore 3 4.

29. Diet nw scote(Ql+Q2+03) score Oifdietsueg I iffetsccceW0 2 if diet sue 11-15.

30. EXERCISE: To answer the followhg questions. please many times per week you p,zt the actWiti6 for at lest 30 minute or more at a time. Light exercise. such as the following: • light gardening and light (eg. dL5ting. • leÄarety walking (eg your dog) • bowling fishing, carpentry, playing a nusical • vounteer wort Q Ofweek Q 1-3 tim<'week 2 exerci*, such as the • brisk walking • bicycling. skating swimming curling • gardening (O, raking, weeding. digging) • dancing. Tai or moderate exercise Q Otweek o Q 1-3 4 e»ercise, such as the • running. bic•ßling. lap • heavy yard work • weight • soccer. basietbalt. or other kague sports Q Otweek O Q 1-3 tirnø/wed 6 Q 4-7 timestseek 3 Q 4-7 6 Q 4-7 9 Q 8 or r»re the 4 Q 8 or r»re time 8 Q 8 or 12.

31. Activity raw score (01+02+03) Acti}itycategotym Oifight only 2 if any vigorous actiity.

32. AICOb01 CONSUMPTION: Mease iffute how many drinks of the following types of amlol pu consume in an age week Wine drinks (3-5 oz) drinks (10-12 oz or I bottle) Beer Spirits drinks (1-1 th OZ) Alcohol raw (winubeergpirits) Alcohol category score 0 if alcohol score 14 or me I if alcohol score 8-13 2 if alcohol scote M.

33. SMOKING: Hese indicate your smoking habits below. Are pu a smker? ayes If m, did eer smke? 1 Smoking raw score (0, t, or 2) 2 Smoking etegory score (sank as smoking raw scor).

34. UFE STRESS: To answer thb ftase drde the mnber pu feel bt to the lotl of strs in pur life, 6 Not at all strsful Stress nw sore 4 3 Stress oteyry score oiflifestrsslor2 liflifestrss30r4 2iflifestrsssor6 2 Verystrsfil (as indicated on line).

Total SLIQ score = Sum of diet score + score got in exercise questionnaire + score in alcohol questionnaire + score in smoking + score in stress questionnaire.

36. INTERPRETATION SCALE Scale Range of mean scores Description 4 3 2 1 3.50-4.00 2.50-3.49 1.50-2.49 1.00-1.49 Never Rarely Sometimes Very often.

RESULT : Of the 60 participants who completed the survey, 30 were female and the average age was 19 years and the remaining 30 were males with average age 20. The primary explanatory and outcome variables showed negative skew in their distribution. Using the categories for overall SLIQ scores we were able to interpret that 50% of people consume healthy meals which includes green leafy vegetables,high fibers wheat sometimes in a week but some doesn’t at all consume..

# About 100% people do light exercise daily and 25% of them do thrice in a week. When coming to vigorous exercise only 50% people do it twice a week but remaining doesn’t. Daily consumption of alcohol by 75% people but some not at all consume. When coming to smoking about 25% people do it daily. # The strength and directionality of the Pearson correlation between the overall score on the SLIQ was statistically significant and positive for the outcomes of BMI (r = 0.41 , p<0.01)..

39. Variable Heathy meals &Nhich includes green leafy ,high fibers , SNheat Light exercise Vigorous exercise Alcohol Srnoking Yes (100%) people Daily Yes (75%) ople Mostly daily (50%) people Yes tvvice in a T vvice in a peo ple Sorneti thrice in a week Mostly daily Not at all Sornetirnes not at all Not at all Some people not at all.

40. Table 5 Measures of central tendency and variability for questionnaires Variable SLIQ overall score SLIQ Diet raw score SLIQ Exercise raw score SLIQ Alcohol raw score SLIQ Smoking category score SLIQ Stress raw score Mean (SD) 7.29 (1.5) 8.48 (3.5) 11.85 (5.3) 3.13 (3.3) 1.64 (0.6) 3.80 (1.3) Median 8.00 8.00 13.00 2.00 2.00 4.00 Observed range 4-10 0-15 2-24 0-12 0-2 1-6 Possible range 0-10 0-15 0—24 0-2 1-6.

41. In a sample of 60 students of IMD 24, we were able to find the effects of lifestyle patterns as measured by the SLIQ, on the BMI and well being. This study also found significant effects of certain dimensions of lifestyle, especially diet, exercise and stress as measured by the SLIQ, on the measures of quality of life. The members with healthy lifestyle pattern amid the pandemic had appropriate BMI for their age and those with unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, stress and consumed alcohol and smoking were associated with high BMI which could have adverse health effects..

42. As Medical students we have to know about how to maintain a healthy lifestyle and put it into practice which helps for subsequent professional life. Some changes in dietary habits, physical activity, and lifestyle are related to the busy schedule and long practical stages. That’s why the medical colleges should increase the number of facilities like mental health holidays , meditation and yoga classes to control their stress in order to maintain a healthy and stress free life among medical students which could help them maintain a healthy diet and reduce the alcohol,smoke consumption and will give them time for exercise. Students who are healthy physically and mentally will also perform better. Further study in this area is needed to assess whether similar effects are present in more diverse populations, and to promote the understanding of lifestyle as a source of disparity in both quality of life and well-being in medical students..

REFERENCES. 43. 1) Associations between lifestyle patterns and body mass index in a sample of Greek children and adolescents Meropi D Kontogianni et al. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Feb. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20102848/ 2) Clustering of Physical Activity, Diet and Sedentary Behavior among Youth from Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review Gabrielli Thais de Mello et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34682670/.

3) The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Obesity Indices among Adolescents in Qatar Abdelhamid Kerkadi, Abdelmonem H. Sadig, […], and Abdulrahman O. Musaige https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888352/ 4) Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey Laura Di Renzo, Paola Gualtieri, […], and Antonino De Lorenzo https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7278251/.

5) Did social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic have an impact on the lifestyles of citizens? Gianluigi Ferrante et al. Epidemiol Prev. Sep-Dec 2020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33412829/ 6) Body Mass Index Obesity, BMI, and Health: A Critical Review Frank Q. Nuttall, MD, PhD https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4890841/ 7) A short questionnaire to assess changes in lifestyle-related behaviour during COVID 19 pandemic Archana Kumari, Piyush Ranjan, […], and Aastha Goel https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7448879/.

46. 8) Commentary: understanding the epidemiology of overweight and obesity—a real global public health concern Soowon Kim et al. Int J Epidemiol. 2006 Feb. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16339598/ 9) The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people Nicola Montemurro. Brain Behav Immun. 2020 Jul. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32240766/ 10) The iMPROVE Study; Design, Dietary Patterns, and Development of a Lifestyle Index in Overweight and Obese Greek Adults Maria Kafyra et al. Nutrients. 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34684496/.

11) CHANGES IN LIFESTYLE FACTORS AFFECT THE LEVELS OF NEUROPEPTIDES, INVOLVED IN THE CONTROL OF EATING BEHAVIOR, INSULIN RESISTANCE AND LEVEL OF CHRONIC SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN YOUNG OVERWEIGHT PERSONS [Article in Russian] Yu Shevchenko et al. Georgian Med News. 2015 Nov. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26656551/ 12) Impact of Physical Activity and Weight Loss on Fat Mass, Glucose Metabolism, and Inflammation in Older African Americans with Osteoarthritis Andrew McLeod et al. Nutrients. 2020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33126555/.

48. 13) Lifestyle Factors, Body Mass Index, and Lipid Profile in Adolescents* Marilyn L. Cugneto, PhD, Patriæ G. Saab, PhD, [...l, and Neil Schneiderman, PhD htps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC27341171 14) Association bewveen lifestyle patems and overweight and obesity in adolescents: a systematic review Luciana Jeremias Pereira, Patrrcia de Fragas Hinnig, Lursa Harumi Matsuo, Patrrcia Faria Di Pietro, Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis, Francilene Gracieli Kunradi Meira British Joumal of Nutition, 145, 2022 =l&as vis=1&q=IifestyIe+pattems+bmi&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1652685624775.

49. 15) The Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Fitness, Socioeconomics, and Academic Accountability School Rating: A Texas Study Serena S. Bahe University of the incarnate word https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://athenaeum.uiw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1026%26context%3Duiw_etds&ved=2ahUKEwijt_DnlrT2AhUdxIsBHUVnDnc4MhAWegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw13Hk7nfqrEbGm5r-HzNRib 16) The Simple Lifestyle Indicator Questionnaire and its association with health-related quality of life and well-being. Jacqueline Fortier ,2015 May https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33557183.pdf.

50. TWÅNVC.