EVOLUTION OF COMMUNICATION

[Audio] % TTS_MALE[ break]%. EVOLUTION OF COMMUNICATION.

[Audio] % TTS_MALE[ break]%. Presents a framework within which the sum of human communication knowledge can be integrated. Featured in this text for communication students is an introduction to the mathematical properties of information theory; nonverbal communication; persuasion and mass communication; control and adaptation of communication; and the concept, construction, and application of communication theories..

CAVE PAINTING. The most well-known form of primitive communication is cave paintings. The artistic endeavors were created by a species of man that appeared around 130,000 B.C.E, the homo sapiens. The method involved creating pigments made from the juice of fruits and berries, colored minerals, or animal blood..

CUNEIFORM. fill. Cuneiform is one of the oldest forms of writing known . It means “wedge-shaped,” because people wrote it using a reed stylus cut to make a wedge-shaped mark on a clay tablet. Letters enclosed in clay envelopes, as well as works of literature, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh have been found..

HEIROGLYPH. hieroglyph , a character used in a system of pictorial writing , particularly that form used on ancient Egyptian monuments. Hieroglyphic symbols may represent the objects that they depict but usually stand for particular sounds or groups of sounds. Hieroglyph, meaning “sacred carving,” is a Greek translation of the Egyptian phrase “the god’s words,” which was used at the time of the early Greek contacts with Egypt to distinguish the older hieroglyphs from the handwriting of the day (demotic) ..

SMOKE SIGNAL. smoke signal.jfif. The smoke signal is one of the oldest forms of long-distance communication. It is a form of visual communication used over a long distance. In general smoke signals are used to transmit news, signal danger, or to gather people to a common area..

CARRIER PIGEONS. From the Middle Ages to the 1800s, carrier pigeons were used for commerce, navigation and especially in the armed forces. During the siege of Paris in 1870-1871, beleaguered residents sent messages by pigeons and balloons. Pigeons were then also used to send messages back to Paris. 381 pigeons were sent from Paris during the siege, and 302 of these reached the French forces and were returned with messages. Of those 302, 59 managed to return to their sender in Paris. With microfilm, it ws possible to transfer up to 30,000 letters to very thin sheets that were tied to a bird’s tail feathers..

POSTAL SYSTEM. pow0ff1GEl ABS. The first documented use of a postal system—state-sponsored, designated couriers who were trusted to transport messages—occurred in Egypt about 2400 BCE, when Pharaohs used couriers to send out decrees throughout the territory of the state. The earliest surviving piece of mail is also Egyptian, which dates back to 255 BCE, recovered from the Oxyrhynchus papyri cache..

NEWS PAPER. The natural history of the press is a history of a surviving species. It is one of the most characteristic frutits of enlightenment, due to the extension of the opportunities of education to the masses of the population. The modern newspaper is a product of city life; it is no longer merely an organ of propaganda and opinion, but a form of popular literature. The journal of opinion was largely a business man's newspaper. The so-called independent press added to its public the so-called artisan class..

RADIO. In 1895, a young Italian named Gugliemo Marconi invented what he called “the wireless telegraph” while experimenting in his parents' attic . He used radio waves to transmit Morse code and the instrument he used became known as the radio..

TELEGRAPH. Developed in the 1830s and 1840s by Samuel Morse and other inventors, the telegraph revolutionized long-distance communication. It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations. In addition to helping invent the telegraph, the Morse code assigned a set of dots and dashes to each letter of the English alphabet and allowed for the simple transmission of complex messages across telegraph lines. In 1844, Morse sent his first telegraph message, from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland; by 1866, a telegraph line had been laid across the Atlantic Ocean from the United States to Europe. The telegraph had fallen out of widespread use by the 20th century, replaced by the telephone, fax machine and Internet..

TELEPHONE. Telefon_BW_2012-02-18_13-44-32.jfif. While Italian innovator Antonio Meucci (pictured at left) is credited with inventing the first basic phone in 1849 , and Frenchman Charles Bourseul devised a phone in 1854, Alexander Graham Bell won the first U.S. patent for the device in 1876..

TELEVISION. television.jfif. This device was created independently by two inventors: Scottish inventor John Logie Baird and American inventor Charles Francis Jenkins . Both devices were invented in the early 1920s. Prior to these two inventors, German inventor Paul Gottlieb Nipkow had developed the first mechanical television..

INTERNET. 1969 Ines 2Netscape mysrxtce YAHOO! napster ing.

EMAIL. The first example of email can be found on computers at MIT in a program called “MAILBOX”, all the way back in 1965. Users of MIT computers could leave messages with this program on computers at the university for other users, who would see the messages the next time they logged on to the computer..

TEXT MESSAGE. The first text message was sent years later on December 3rd, 1992 from Neil Papworth , a former developer at Sema Group Telecoms. Mobile phones didn't have keyboards at the time, so Papworth had to type the message on a PC. Papworth's text — “Merry Christmas” — was successfully sent to Richard Jarvis at Vodafone..

SOCIAL MEDIA. What is Social Media? Social media refers to the means of interactions among people in which they create, share, and/or exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks . The Office of Communications and Marketing manages the main Facebook , Twitter, Instagram , LinkedIn and YouTube accounts..

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