ED 152: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT – A LIFESPAN APPROACH ASSIGNMENT 2

Colourful carved figures of humans. ED 152: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT – A LIFESPAN APPROACH ASSIGNMENT 2.

INTRODUCTION. This presentation is angled at focusing on one of the many views of people, theories, perceptions and philosophies on Human Development in socio-cultural context. It will mainly contain creative representations on the topic and how it relates to my own context. This presentation will at some point highlight how everyday changes in life alter the progress of a youngster..

Human Development in the Socio-Cultural Context. Since I have been raised in a multi-cultural society, I have developed the ability to understand that humans require some sort of assistance from people who surround them in order to develop at its best level. The different races, customs and social norms that surround a person helps mold an individual’s development mentally, physically, socially and emotionally..

Human Development. Human Development is the change every individual undergoes to be able to adapt in the most positive way to their environment in the most effortless manner. Individuals grow up in various places, at different times where different manners of social norms affect how a child grows both mentally and physically. When an individual is deprived of care at a primary stage in their growth and development they are majorly affected in that their communication and listening skills are retarted, there is no form of discipline. Human growth and development begins before an individual is even able to speak and it continues up until the individual is buried 6 feet underneath the soil..

Western Theories. Jean Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Vygotsky’s Theory of Social Development Erik Erison’s theory of psychological development.

Psychosocial Stage 1- Trust and Faith (from infant to one year).

Psychosocial Stage 2 - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.

Psychosocial Stage 3 - Initiative vs. Guilt. In the third stage development takes place during the time when children are in kindergarten. During this stage children are able to perform duties and become leaders. They tend to play and also teach other children. The children who are not able to perform these skills tend to have a sense of guilt and have less initiative in doing what other children would normally consider doing..

Psychosocial Stage 4 - Industry vs. Inferiority. During this stage children are in their early school years. During this stage it is important the child gets motivated and praise for their work. Make them feel wanted than only will feel proud and this will make them complete their work on time. Don’t scold them because this can make their self- esteem low..

Psychosocial Stage 5 - Identity vs. Confusion. This stage is during adolescence. In this period of age children require to develop their own identity. During this age children experience independence and they take care of themselves from the world. Children will be given rights to do things their way. Therefore, it is important to have self-control on things and have higher self-esteem. Children should be sure about what their want do in their life and the one who is less-confident and have low self-esteem are confused about their future. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future..

Psychosocial Stage 6 - Intimacy vs. Isolation. This stage is during early adulthood when come across personal relationships. People develop intense and committed relationship with opposite sex. The ones who are more confident and prove themselves to be more promising and committed have a higher chance of relationship and also have more secure and enduring relations. People who have lack of sense of self-esteem can ruin the relationship and will have to go through loneliness..

Psychosocial Stage 7 - Generativity vs. Stagnation.

Psychosocial Stage 8 - Integrity vs. Despair. Rear view of rows of people watching a film in a theater.

Vygotsky’s Theory of Social Development. Lev Vygotsky’s is a Russian psychologist who came up with the theory of social development. In his theory he suggested that learning takes place by social interaction. He also highlighted the importance of socio-cultural context of development and cross-cultural development in his research. The three elements that supported his theory are social interact, zone proximal development and the more knowledgeable other. Social interaction takes place when a child meets different people and interacts with them and gets to know about each other’s culture. Vygotsky’s suggests that, child learns more about different cultural context through cognitive development the more their social skills get advance. Zone Proximal Development explains about appropriate learning of children. Children are able to perform tasks appropriately in the presence of a teacher. The lower limit of the zone is in which children acquire less help of the teacher to solve things. And in the upper limit is in which they more help and instruction to complete a task. Moreover others explain about how a child learning can get affected through social interaction therefore it is the responsibility of the parent to guide the child in a motivational way so that, they can get better in learning. The child is able to do better than the parent that is what “More knowledgeable than the other” means..

John Locke’s perspective. The first type of experience in John’s theory is sensation, which is the outer experience. Sensation is typically about how we feel about objects, and what we hear about an object is different. For instance I hear a dog barking I will think he wants to bite me and if I see a color blue I will think about water. The second type of experience is reflection which is the inner experience. This related with thinking, believing, making choices and doubting in the mind, making judgment with oneself and reflecting on own perspectives. John Locke also describes about simple and complex ideas. Locke recommendation that kids are found to be as clear slates, all set to retain whatever thing they are proficient to or is given to them. Simple idea is about sensation and reflection experience. Complex idea is categorized into three elements which are: mode, substances and relations. Substance ideas are more individual that exists independently in a house. Modes idea is those that hook up with substance idea and can be simple and mixed modes. Idea of relation is related to more than one aspect or substance..

Human Development In My Own Context. As development is taking place every day in my life I have learnt how human skills, capabilities and self-expression can be nurtured to benefit mankind. Human development is a process which enhancer’s peoples living (such as being in a caring family) so that they can have a good life and encounter situations in a better way. People should acknowledge the importance of culture in education since it helps shape their life. Our culture shows us the right way by showing me the correct path that leads to success. Culture teaches us to help others and be useful to others so that god may bless us. Passing of skills and knowledge from one generation to another generation through practicing skills with them or by telling stories is an on-going thing. Our development also starts at home with our parents (mum & dad) and family where they teach us values that would enable us to grow and mature on the right track. Learning human progress may support you gain knowledge of extra about your future. With the help of understanding the getting older system, you'll be better ready whilst you face problems related with growing older..

REFERENCE. http://oureverydaylife.com/john-lockes-ideas-child-development-8231.html Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. http://www.evolutionarytheories.org/darwin.html https://www.verywellmind.com/erik-eriksons-stages-of-psychosocial-development-2795740 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12646-0130234-6.