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Disability is an impairment that may be  cognitive, developmental,  intellectual, mental, physical,  sensory, or some combination of these. It substantially affects a person's life activities and  may be present from birth or  occur   during a person's lifetime 

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A disability is any continuing condition that restricts  everyday activities. Disabilities can affect  a person's capacity to communicate , interact with others,  learn and get about independently. Disability is usually permanent but  may be episodic (WA Disability Services Act 1993).  Disability as defined by the Act (Pesons with Disability Act,  1995) covers blindness, low vision, leprosy - cured , hearing impairment, locomotor disability,  mental retardation and  mental illness as well as multiple disability. The Act does not cover disabilities like Autism,  or learning disabilities 

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The ICIDH-2 defines disability as an umbrella term covering  three dimensions: (i) body structures and  function; (ii) personal activities;  and (iii) participation in society. These dimensions of health-related  experience are termed "impairments of function and  impairments of structure", "activities" [i.e., nature and  extent of individual functioning due to impairments] , and "participation" [ the nature and extent of a person's involvement with life situations]  respectively".  

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Photo by Trường thẩm mỹ Ana Anabeautyacademy on Unsplash

Impairment Missing or defective body part,  an amputated limb, paralysis after polio,  restricted pulmonary capacity,  diabetes, nearsightedness,  mental retardation, limited hearing capacity,  facial disfigurement or other abnormal condition. Handicap A disability becomes a handicap when it interferes  with doing what is expected  at a particular time in one's life 

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As a result of impairment may involve  difficulties in walking, seeing, speaking, hearing,  reading, writing, counting,  lifting, or taking interest in and  making one's surrounding.  Temporary Total Disability - Period in which the affected person is  totally unable to work. During this period, he may receive  orthopaedic, opthalmological,  auditory or speech any other medical treatment.  Temporary partial Disability - Period when recovery has reached  the stage of improvement so that person may began  some kind of gainful occupation. Permanent Disability - Permanent damage or  loss of use of some part/parts of the body after the stage of maximum improvement [ from any medical treatment]  has been reached and the condition is stationary.  

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Genetically determined: A genetically determined  disability is usually inherited from the parents. Environmentally determined:  An environmentally determined disability results from an accident,  injury, disease or infection. Examples include acquired  brain injury, spinal cord injury and diabetes Of unknown cause:  Sometimes a disability is  of unknown origin. This is the case with many physical and  intellectual disabilities. Disabilities vary according  to individual circumstances 

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Person with Disability  A person suffering from not less than forty percent of any disability as certified  by a medical authority. Institution for persons – with disabilities. An institution for the reception,  care, protection, with disabilities education,  training, rehabilitation or  any other service of persons Rehabilitation Refers to a process aimed  at enabling persons with disabilities to reach  and maintain their optimal physical,  sensory, intellectual,  psychiatric or social functional levels  

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Sensory: affecting vision and / or hearing. Neurological: affecting a person's ability to control  their movements. Physical: affecting mobility and /or a person's ability to use their upper or lower body. These generally relate to the musculoskeletal,  circulatory, respiratory and nervous systems. Intellectual: these can include  intellectual and developmental disabilities which can relate  to difficulties with thought processes,  learning, communicating, remembering information and  using it appropriately,  making judgements and problem solving.  

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Cognitive: affecting a person's thought  processes,  personality and memory resulting , for example, from an injury to the brain. Psychiatric: affecting a person's emotions,  thought processes and behaviour . Some disabilities, such as epilepsy,  are hidden, while others, such as cerebral palsy,  may be visible. Physical disabilities are the most common (73 per cent),  followed by intellectual/psychiatric (17 per cent) and  sensory (10 per cent). People may have more than one disability and  may experience additional disadvantages to adequate service provision due to factors such as being  from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds or  because they live outside the metropolitan area or  outside a regional centre 

DISABILITY

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