CULTURE OF

CU L TURE OF. UTTARAKHAND AND PUNJAB AND COMPARISON BETWEEN THEM.

UT T ARA K HAND CULTURE.

Uttarakhand formerly Uttaranchal , is a state in the northern part of India. It is often referred to as the " Land of the Gods “ due to the many holy Hindu temples and pilgrimage centres found throughout the state. Uttarakhand’s name is derived from the Sanskrit words Uttara meaning north , and Khand meaning country or part of a country . Uttarakhand is known for its natural beauty of the Himalayas, the Bhabhar and the Terai..

Th e re are 1 3 distr i cts i n Uttar akhand which are grouped in t o two divisions, Kumaon and Garhwal . The Kumaon division includes the following districts:.

Uttarakhand Language. The main languages of Uttarakhand are Kumaoni Garhwali Hindi.

Attr a ct i ons. Uttarakha n d Map.

Districts of Kumaon division. ⚫. Almora Bageshwar C h a m p a w a t Nainital Pithoragarh Udham Singh Nagar.

Examples. En g lish. : : : :. What is your name? Tumar naam ki cha?.

Folk Songs of Uttarakhand. Bajuband : This is a folk song of love and sacrifice between the shepherds. It is a love dialogue between the man and woman or between a boy and girl which is sung in the form of a folk song Basanti: 'Basanti' folk songs are composed for the coming spring season when flowers, bloom and new life spring in the valleys of the hills of Garhwal. The folk song is sung individually or in groups. Chhopati : These are the folk songs popular in Rawain-Jaunpur area of Tehri Garhwal. 'Chhopati' are the love songs sung between the men and women in the form of questions and answers. Chhura : 'Chhura' folk songs are sung among shepherds in the form of advice given by the old to youngsters, having learnt it out of their experience, particularly in grazing sheep and goats..

Uttarakhand Dances. Choliya Dance The Choliya dance is a dance form which is more than 1000 years old, and has its origins in the Khasiya Kingdom of Khasesh. The Rajputs perform this dance at their weddings as a part of the marriage processions..

→ Uttarakhand has diverse geographical features ranging from snow-capped mountain peaks in the North to tropical forests in the South; its climate and vegetation vary accordingly..

Parameter U tt a r a khan d All-States Source Economy GSDP as percentage of all states’ GSDP 1.1 100 CMIE, 2010-11, current prices Average GSDP growth rate (%)* 20.3 15.9 CMIE, 2004-05 to 2010-11, current prices Per capita GSDP (US$) 1,675.5 1,324.3 CMIE, 2010-11, current prices Physical Infrastructure Installed power capacity (MW) 2,526.9 199,627.0 Central Electricity Authority, as of March 2012 Wireless subscribers (No) 125,467,938 ^ 903,727,208 Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, as of January 2012 Broadband subscribers (No) 88,959 13,350,938 Ministry of Communications & Information Technology, as of December 2011 Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, National Highway length (km) 2,042 71,772 Annual Report 2011-12 Airports (No) 2 133 Airport Authority of India.

Jhora Dance. Jhora Dance. Jhora is a kind of community dance which is performed in the villages where the higher and lower castes perform. It is danced at fairs. This kind of dance is generally performed during the morning or evening, at the coming of spring..

Langvir Dance. This is an energetic dance performed more often than not by men. In Langvir, the dancer climbs a bamboo pole and balances himself at his navel on the top of the pole. Music is given by Dhol and he balances, swivels and almost dances on his belly at the pole, performing other acrobatic stunts..

Pandava Dance Pandava Dance is a type Musical / Broadway kind of show based on the story of Mahabharata accompanied by dance and music. This is performed mainly during Dusshera and Diwali..

Chhapeli. Chhapeli dance is performed by couples with the female carrying a mirror in her left hand and a colored handkerchief in the other. The male plays a Hudukka on his left shoulder accompanied by others playing the Hurka, Manjira and Flute. The dance is a duet that outlines the joys of romance. The woman partner (sometimes also a young boy) dances with a smile and elegant waist movements, either in admiration of her beauty and charm or mocking her ways of expressing love. Chancheri This is a group dance of Danpur Patti region of Bageshwar District in Kumaon. Both men and women dance in a semi-circular formation with gradually increasing pace putting across unbridled joy..

Food. The primary food of Uttarakhand includes vegetables, though non-veg food is also served and savored by many. The primary characteristics of the Uttarakhand cuisine is that milk and milk based products is sparingly used here. Some of the famous cuisines of Uttarakhand: Garhwal ka fannah.

Kafuli :. Kafuli is a thick gravy preparation made from green leafy vegetables Jholi: In Garhwali Jhol means very thin gravy. Jhol can be made out of tomatoes and potatoes..

Mandua ki Roti:. Swa l a Bhaang ki Chutney.

Arts. Aipan Rangoli, a traditional Indian art displayed in front of the house, makes up a sacred and age-old practice. Aipan is one of the conventional forms of rangoli, mainly practiced in the state of Uttarakhand. The art has cultural as well as religious implication in the life of the Kumanois. Murals The fine arts of Uttaranchal are decidedly geometric with a natural grace and simplified complexity. One will find almost every home and place of worship decorated with some kind of mural done either as a proper wall painting or in the form of Aipan and Peeth..

Folk festivals of Uttarakhand. Makar Sankranti (Ghughutia) According to the Hindu religious texts, on the day of Uttarayani, the sun enters the Zodiacal sign of 'Makar' (Capricon) from the Zodiacal sign of the Kark (Cancer), i.e. from this day onwards the sun becomes 'Uttarayan' or it starts moving to the north. It is said that from this day, which signals a change of season, the migratory birds start returning to the hills. On Makar Sankranti people give Khichadi (a mixture of pulses and rice) in charity, take ceremonial dips in holy rivers, participate in the Uttarayani fairs and celebrate the festival of Ghughutia or Kale Kauva. Basant Panchami The festival of Basant Panchami celebrates the coming of the spring season. This festival, which also signals the end of winter, is generally celebrated during Magh (January - February). During this festival people worship the Goddess Saraswati, use yellow handkerchiefs or even yellow cloths and in a few places people put a yellow tilak on their foreheads. Phool Dei Phool Dei is celebrated on the first day of the month of Chaitra in mid March and on this day young girls conduct most of the ceremonies. In some places this festival is celebrated throughout the month with the advent of spring ..

Harela and Bhitauli On the first day of the navaratris (nine day holy period) of the month of Chaitra women fill baskets with soil and sow seven types of grains in them. The grains germinate symbolizing the future harvest. These yellow leaves, called Harela, are cut on the tenth day and people put them on their heads and behind their ears. During the month of Chaitra (March-April) brothers send presents to their sisters. These presents are called Bhitauli. Olgia or Ghee Sankranti Olgia is celebrated on the first day of Bhado (middle of August), when the harvest is lush and green, vegetables are in abundance and the milch animals very productive. In ancient times sons-in-law and nephews would give presents to fathers-in-law and maternal uncles, respectively, in order to celebrate Olgia. NandaDevi Rajjaat Yatra The three week long Nandadevi Rajjaat is one of the world famous festival of Uttaranchal. People from entire Garhwal-Kumaon as well as other parts of India and the world participate in Nandadevi Rajjaat Yatra..

PUNJABI CULTURE.

PUNJAB CULTURE. THE LAND OF PUNJAB WHICH IS DESCRIBED AS THE LAND OF GURUS,PIRS AND WARRIORS, AS A MATTER OF FAITH BELIEVES IN EARNING HONEST LIVING THROUGH HARD LABOUR AND IN SHARING THE FRUITS OF THIS LABOUR WITH OTHERS WITHOUT EXPECTING ANY RETURNS. GREEN FIELDS,FIELDS WITH CROPS AND TRACTORS BUSY WITH WORK.PUNJAB PRESENTS A PRETTY PICTURE OF A PROSPEROUS FARM LIFE.THE CULTURE OF PUNJAB FROM AMONG THE CULTURES OF THE WORLD HAS ITS OWN UNIQUE FRAGRANCE THAT IS UNMATCHED..

PUNJABIS. THE PEOPLE OF PUNJAB ARE CALLED ‘PUNJABIS’ AND THEY SPEAK A LANGUAGE CALLED PUNJABI.ENTERPRISE AND ENDEVOR-THESE TWO WORDS SYMBOLISE THE ESSENTIAL SPIRIT OF THE PEOPLE OF PUNJAB. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE ARE HARD WORKING AND TAKE LIFE AS IT COMES. MUSIC AND DANCE IS IN THEIR BLOOD AND IS REFLECTED IN THE BHANGRA BEATS THAT ARE FAMOUS ALL OVER THE WORLD TODAY.BIG HEARTED AND HARD WORKING PUNJABIS MADE PUNJAB A JEWEL IN THE BEAUTIFUL CROWN OF INDIA..

DRESSES OF PUNJAB Costumes of Punjab are indicative of the bright and vibrant culture and lifestyle of the people. The costumes are a mix of colour, comfort and beauty. It may be noted here that the state of Punjab is well known for the use of phulkari in its costumes. Other commonly worn clothes by people in Punjab are pagri, dhoti, lacha, kurta, khusa, gharara, paranda, choli and shalwar kameez..

WEDDING TRADITIONS OF PUNJAB. Punjabi culture is rich with rituals!!! The pre-wedding rituals include mangni, dohlki, mehndi and ubtan. The wedding process includes sarbala, sehrabandi, nikah and juta chupai. The Dhol (Balle Balle and Bhangra) is an obvious part of Punjabi weddings..

PUNJABI FOOD. PUNJABI FOOD CAN BE EITHER NON-VEGETARIAN OR COMPLETELY VEGETARIAN.ONE OF THE MAIN FEATURES OF PUNJABI FOOD IS ITS DIVERSE RANGE OF DISHES.PUNJABIS LOVE A LOT OF BUTTER POPULARLY KNOWN AS GHEE IN THEIR FOOD.SPICES ARE USED FOR FLAVOURING THE FOOD. AT SPECIAL OCCASIONS ROH DI KHEER IS COOKED USING RICE.BUT WITHIN THE STATE THERE ARE DIFFERENT PREFERENCES..

→ Amritsar, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Bhatinda, Mohali, Pathankot and Patiala are some of the key cities in the state. → The state has three major seasons, viz., hot weather (April- June), rainy season (July-September) and cold weather (October-March). Because of the presence of large rivers, most of the state is a fertile plain. The state has three major rivers; Ravi, Beas and Satluj, flowing through it..

→ The railways have a major role in the state. It connects major industrial units in the oil refining, cement, fertiliser, thermal power and manufacturing sectors to suppliers and markets..

Punjab LAND OF FIVE RIVERS. State Acts & Policies … (1/3).

Punjab LAND OF FIVE RIVERS. State Acts & Policies … (2/3).

Punjab LAND OF FIVE RIVERS. State Acts & Policies … (3/3).

FOOD PREFERENCES. PEOPLE IN THE AREA OF AMRITSAR PREFER STUFFED PARANTHAS AND MILK PRODUCTS.CERTAIN DISHES THAT ARE EXCLUSIVE TO PUNJAB ARE MAH DI DAL AND SARON DA SAAG.THE MAIN MASALAS IN THE PUNJABI DISHES ARE ONION,GARLIC AND GINGER. TANDOORI CHICKEN IS A SPECIALITY WHEN IT COMES TO NON- VEG DISHES. THE MAIN INGREDIENT OF ALL PUNJABI DISHES ARE THE SPICES ADDED TO THE FOOD THAT ADD EXTRA FLAVOUR TO THE FOOD TO MAKE IT DELICIOUS..

ADORABLE MUTIARS. THE GIRLS OF PUNJAB ARE POPULARLY KNOWN AS ‘MUTIARS’ OR PUNJABANS. THE POPULAR FOLK DANCE OF PUNJAB KNOWN AS THE GIDDA IS PREFORMED BY THESE MUTIARS. THEY DRESS UP IN HEAVY JEWELLERY AND BRIGHT MAKEUP.ALONG WITH DANCING,THESE GIRLS RECITE SONGS KNOWN AS BOLIYAN. THEY DRESS UP IN A TYPICAL PUNJABI DRESS THAT INCLUDES SALWAR KAMEEZ,TRADITIONAL JEWELLERY AND COLOURFUL BANGLES THAT ADD TO THE BEAUTY OF THESE PUNJABANS..

BHANGRA. ANOTHER POPULAR FOLK DANCE OF PUNJAB IS BHANGRA THAT IS PERFORMED BY THE GABRUS OF PUNJAB.THEY DANCE AND FILL THE PLACE WITH JOY.BHANGRA IS A FORM OF DANCE THAT IS POPULAR FOR ITS BEATS AND LYRICS BHANGRA IS WHAT THAT HAS MADE PUNJAB A POPULAR STATE AND MORE THAN THAT A STATE -THAT IS FULL OF LIFE AND FULL OF ENTHUSIASM..

THE SIKH GURUS. PUNJABIS FOLLOW SIKH RELIGION THAT CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE MOST EARLY RELIGIONS. THIS RELIGION WAS FOUNDED BY GURU NANAK DEV JI WHO BELIEVED THAT GOD IS ONE. THERE ARE TEN GURUS IN THIS RELIGION NAMELY- GURU NANAK DEV JI , GURU ANGAD DEV JI,GURU AMARDAS JI,GURU RAMDAS JI,GURU ARJAN DEV JI,GURU HAR RAI JI, GURU HARKRISHAN JI,GURGOBIND JI, GURU TEG BAHADUR JI,GURU GOBIND SINGH JI. THE PRESENT GURU IS SAID TO BE THE GURU GRANTH SAHIB THAT HAS ALL THE TEACHINGS OF ALL THESE TEN GURUS..

THE GOLDEN TEMPLE. PUNJAB IS FAMOUS ALL OVER ALSO BECAUSE OF THE SACRED GOLDEN TEMPLE.THE GOLDEN TEMPLE IN THE CITY OF AMRITSAR IS ONE OF THE GREATEST SIGHTS THAT INDIA HAS TO OFFER.THIS TEMPLE ALONE IS WORTH A TRIP TO AMRITSAR.THE SIKHS WORSHIP HERE AND THIA TEMPLE IS OPEN TO ALL VISITORS REGARDLESS OF COMMUNITY, CASTE , COLOUR, CREED AND DIFFERENCES..

PUNJAB AND WESTERNISATION. PUNJAB CULTURE AND HERITAGE IS ONE OF THE MOST RICH CULTURES . BUT SADLY IT IS BEING AFFECTED BY WESTERNISATION .THE TERM WESTERNISATION MEANS ADOPTING THE WESTERN CULTURE AND GIVING UP YOUR CULTURE.THESE DAYS ALMOST ALL PUNJABIS ARE ADOPTING THIS TREND. IF THIS CONTINUES THEN PERHAPS THIS CULTURE WOULD FADE AWAY. THIS CULTURE HAS GIVEN ALL OF US PUNJABIS SO MUCH. SO ITS TIME TO DO SOMETHING FOR IT.THE GIRLS OF PUNJAB HAVE BECOME TOO MODERN TO EVEN UNDERSTAND THEIR OWN CULTURE AND THE BOYS OF PUNJAB ARE MIGRATING TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES LEAVING BACK THEIR PARENTS AND FAMILY..

PUNJAB AND WESTERNISATION. WE SHOULD NOT GIVE UP OUR CULTURE AND ADOPT OTHER CULTURES TO BECOME MODERN.ONE SHOULD HAVE MODERN THINKING TO LIVE IN THIS CONTEMPERORY WORLD BUT ONE SHOULD NOT COMPLETELY BECOME BLIND IN FRONT OF MODERNISATION. WE SHOULD ENCOURAGE THE CULTURE OF PUNJAB SO THAT THE COMING GENERATION IS NOT DEPRIVED OF THIS UNIQUE CULTURE THAT HAS ITS OWN ESSENCE..

COMPARISION BETWEEN BOTH CULTURE. UTTRAKHAND DANCE FORMS  CHOLIYA DANCE  JHORA DANCE  LANGVIR DANCE  PANDAVA DANCE  BHOTIYA DANCE  CHHAPELI DANCE  CHANCHERI DANCE.

COMPARISION BETWEEN BOTH CULTURE. UTTARAKHAND FOOD  GARHWAL KA FANNAH  KAFULI  JHOLI  MANDUA KI ROTI  SWALA  BHAANG KI CHUTNEY.

COMPARISION BETWEEN BOTH CULTURE. UTTARAKHAND DESTINIATION  NANITAL  MUSSOORIE  ALMORA  AULI  RANIKHET  UTTARKASHI  KAUSANI.

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