Copy of Kamlesh Ph.D. Synopsis

School of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences Kasauli Hills, Bajhol Solan, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA 173 229 A Ph.D. Synopsis Presentation on RESEARCH SCHOLAR MR. KAMLESH B.Sc., M.Sc. RESEARCH SUPERVISOR DR. GAURAV SAXENA M.Sc., NET, Ph.D. DATED: MONDAY; JUNE 30, 2023 Development of a Novel Bacterial-Microalgal Consortium for Degradation and Detoxification of Paper Industry Effluent for Environmental Safety.

[Audio] This presentation will begin by discussing the basics of the research project, such as the novelty statement, objectives, proposed research methodology, expected outcomes, and the significance of the research. Afterwards, we will be looking at the section on references and the table of contents. By the end, you should have a better understanding of the research paper being presented at Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences..

[Audio] The paper industry is an integral part of the Indian economy, producing 15th percent of the world's pulp and paper and contributing 6.9 percent to the GDP. Foreign Direct Investment in 2023 stood at $71.2 billion and continues to grow. It is also the 15th largest employer in the country, directly employing 0.5 million people and indirectly creating job opportunities for around 10 million people in allied industries. Mr. Kamlesh is doing groundbreaking research in utilizing a bacterial-microalgal consortium for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent for environmental safety. His Ph.D. synopsis presentation on June 30, 2023 at Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Honda Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India will be highly anticipated..

[Audio] The paper industry has been an integral part of the Indian economy, however, it has recently been the subject of criticism on account of the environmental pollution that it causes. The paper industry effluent is comprised of hazardous pollutants including heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, and recalcitrant organic pollutants like azo dyes, chlorophenols, and flame retardants, which can be detrimental to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is essential to treat and detoxify the effluent to restore ecological balance and ensure safety. Mr. Kamlesh's PhD synopsis aims to create a bacterial-microalgal consortium that would accomplish this purpose..

[Audio] Mr. Kamlesh will explore the effects of paper industry effluents on ecological safety, including its carcinogenic, mutagenic, endocrine-disrupting, and neurotoxic properties, as well as examining the release of effluent with melanoidin, the Maillard reaction, eutrophication, and disruption of aquatic life. Furthermore, he will look into the toxic components used in distilleries, raw materials, air pollution, the toxicity and contamination of distillery wastewater, bioaccumulation in the food chain, distillation products, soil pollution, effluents utilized in crop irrigation, toxic threats imposed by distilleries, groundwater pollution, feed preparation, fermentation, and distillation..

[Audio] The proposed research project will investigate the feasibility of a bacterial-microalgal consortium for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent for environmental safety. This project will be investigating the effectiveness of treating paper industry effluent using a combination of bacterial and microalgal processes. To this end, research questions that will be addressed include the occurrence and fate of emerging contaminants in pharmaceutical wastewater, the nature and characteristics of emerging contaminants present in pharmaceutical wastewater, the toxicity of various pharmaceutical emerging contaminants, the standardization of methodologies for the detection of emerging contaminants in pharmaceutical wastewater, the nature and characteristics of microalgal strains suitable for the removal of emerging contaminants from pharmaceutical wastewater, the underlying mechanisms used by microalgal strains to remove emerging contaminants, and how the developed microalgal remediation technology can be scaled up for large-scale wastewater treatment plants removing emerging contaminants. The proposed project seeks to investigate an innovative alternative for wastewater treatment, and the findings obtained from this research could have significant implications on the environmental safety of paper industry effluent..

[Audio] As the paper industry is one of the most polluting industries in the world, a stringent set of discharge standards have been prescribed by the regulatory bodies, which have to be strictly adhered to. The paper industry requires a reliable and cost effective wastewater treatment technology to meet these stringent discharge standards, which are the norm for the industry. Mr. Kamlesh’s research is focused on the development of a bacterial-microalgal consortium that could meet these discharge standards and help in the detoxification of paper industry effluent for environmental safety." Mr. Kamlesh's research is focused on developing a bacterial-microalgae consortium that meets stringent discharge standards and can detoxify paper industry effluent for environmental safety. This consortium would help to reduce the environmental pollution caused by the paper industry and would bring the industry into compliance with the norms for the industry. To do this, Mr. Kamlesh has chosen Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences in Kasauli Hills, Bajhol Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, as the ideal location to pursue his research and present his Ph.D. synopsis on June 30, 2023..

[Audio] In this research, we intend to develop an innovative bacterial-microalgal consortium to bioremediate paper industry wastewater. It is the first study to use characterized bacterial strains and their interactions with microalgae for bioremediation. We hypothesize that jointly, bacteria and microalgae can effectively reduce the levels of pollutants present in the effluent, thus leading to better environmental safety. In order to test this hypothesis, the three components of the consortium will be characterized and interactions among them will be studied. The results of this research could provide a much needed insight to the bioremediation of paper industry wastewater..

OBJECTIVES.

[Audio] Mr. Kamlesh will present his Ph.D. synopsis on June 30th, 2023, at the School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences in Kasauli Hills, Bajhol Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. This research focuses on the development of a bacterial-microalgal consortium for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent for environmental safety. The presentation will cover three topics, namely, the isolation, purification, screening, and characterization of bacterial and microalgal strains capable of degrading and detoxifying recalcitrant organic pollutants, or ROPs, found in paper industry effluent; the development of the novel bacterial-microalgal consortium for degradation and detoxification of ROPs in paper industry effluent; and the analysis of the different physico-chemical parameters, ROPs, and their metabolic products found in paper effluent. Additionally, this presentation will also explore bioremediation of paper industry effluent with the newly developed bacterial-microalgal consortium..

[Audio] Mr. Kamlesh will present his Ph.D. synopsis on June 30th, 2021, focusing on the development of a bacterial-microalgal consortium for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent for environmental safety. Samples from STAR PAPER MILLS LIMITED in Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, and from the Renuka Lake in the Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh, India, will be collected and used for further research. The presentation will explain his research and investigative methods for furthering the understanding of this important environmental challenge..

[Audio] I am discussing a project focused on developing a bacterial-microalgal consortium for degrading and detoxifying paper industry effluent in order to ensure environmental safety. To start, we are isolating various bacterial samples from the paper industry effluent and sludge via serial dilution as per Harley-Prescott (2002). Following this, we are purifying the bacterial isolates with repeated streaking methods. After this, we are screening the bacterial isolates based on the presence of catabolic ligninolytic enzymes such as lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and laccase. To detect these enzymes, we are using substrates like MnP (phenol red), LiP (methylene blue), and laccase (guiacol)..

[Audio] We will start by utilizing a serial dilution technique and repeated streaking on 1.5% agar BG-11 medium to isolate and purify a microalgal strain. Following this, we will use an effluent decolorization assay to screen the microalgal strains, and culture them at 25° C with a 12/12h light/dark cycle and cool-white fluorescent light illumination at 4000-5000 lux, for the purpose of developing a bacterial-microalgal consortium for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent..

[Audio] A bioremediation process has the potential to be developed for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent, utilizing a consortium of bacterial and microalgal strains. These strains will be combined in different ways in order to identify the combination with the highest potential for successfully degrading and detoxifying the residual organic pollutants. Experiments will be conducted following the standard methods outlined by previous research, with the aim of identifying the optimum conditions in which the bacterial-microalgal consortium performs most efficiently..

[Audio] Mr. Kamlesh is conducting research to develop a bacterial-microalgal consortium that can degrade and detoxify effluent from the paper industry to improve environmental safety. The research uses a two-liter photobioreactor as well as a bubble column PBR made of glass. The culture has a steady temperature and is exposed to light and dark cycles so that the bioremediation process can be examined. Mr. Kamlesh is running the experiments three times to validate and verify the results. This is an important research effort for environmental safety..

[Audio] Mr. Kamlesh's Ph.D. synopsis at the School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences aims to develop a bacterial-microalgal consortium for the degradation and detoxification of paper industry effluent. Characterization of the effluent before and after treatment will be undertaken for its physico-chemical parameters, ROPs, and their metabolic products based on COD, BOD, TDS, TSS phosphate, sulphate, nitrate, phenolics, and total nitrogen as well as heavy metals such as Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni). Analysis of ROPs and their metabolites will be done by liquid-liquid extraction using solvent systems such as DCM, npentane/hexane, acetonitrile and further characterized using FT-IR, HPLC, & GC-MS-MS. This research has the potential to significantly improve the environmental safety of paper industry effluent..

[Audio] Mr. Kamlesh's proposed project will evaluate the ecotoxicity of paper industry effluent before and after treatment with the newly developed bacterial-microalgal consortium using Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, according to the OECD safety guidelines, to assess the morphological, biochemical, and physiological changes in both terrestrial and aquatic model organisms. The project will also ensure environmental safety by degrading and detoxifying the effluent, which is a crucial step towards protecting our ecosystems and safeguarding public health in the face of industrial operations..

[Audio] This project aims to investigate the organic pollutants (ROPs) present in paper mill effluents and to create a bacterial-microalgal consortium which could both degrade and detoxify them. It will also examine the remaining contaminants following treatment, the role of bacteria-microalgae interaction in the process, and the ecotoxicological effects of these effluents on living beings. Additionally, the project looks to identify new bacterial and microalgal strains which can be applied in the treatment and detoxification of paper mill effluents..

[Audio] This proposed study could make a major contribution to the area of environmental biotechnology, especially within the paper industry. It will not only improve current ETPs, but also create a combined process for managing and treating paper waste. Additionally, it could offer an efficient tertiary treatment approach for paper mill effluent that contains ROPs, while still ensuring the safety of the environment and the protection of aquatic resources..

[Audio] The slide covers the research which forms the basis of Mr. Kamlesh's Ph.D. synopsis. It pertains to developing a bacterial-microalgal consortium for environmental safety. Research conducted by Raj et al., Ryu et al., Tang et al., and Zhou et al., has demonstrated the possibility of such a consortium, and this will be used in Mr. Kamlesh's Ph.D. synopsis..

Raj, C. J., Karthick, S. N., Hemalatha, K. V., Kim, S. K., Kim, B. C., Yu, K. H., & Kim, H. J. (2014). Synthesis of self-light-scattering wrinkle structured ZnO photoanode by sol–gel method for dye-sensitized solar cells. Applied Physics A, 116(2), 811-816. Ryu, B. G., Kim, J., Han, J. I., & Yang, J. W. (2017). Feasibility of using a microalgal-bacterial consortium for treatment of toxic coke wastewater with concomitant production of microbial lipids. Bioresource technology, 225, 58-66. Ryu, B. G., Kim, J., Han, J. I., & Yang, J. W. (2017). Feasibility of using a microalgal-bacterial consortium for treatment of toxic coke wastewater with concomitant production of microbial lipids. Bioresource technology, 225, 58-66. Tang, X., He, L. Y., Tao, X. Q., Dang, Z., Guo, C. L., Lu, G. N., & Yi, X. Y. (2010). Construction of an artificial microalgal-bacterial consortium that efficiently degrades crude oil. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 181(1-3), 1158-1162. Tang, X., He, L. Y., Tao, X. Q., Dang, Z., Guo, C. L., Lu, G. N., & Yi, X. Y. (2010). Construction of an artificial microalgal-bacterial consortium that efficiently degrades crude oil. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 181(1-3), 1158-1162. Zhou, G.J.; Peng, F.Q.; Zhang, L.J.; Ying, G.G. (2012). Biosorption of zinc and copper from aqueous solutions by two freshwater green microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 19, 2918–2929. REFERENCES.

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