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The School of Medical Laboratory Sciences The Rise and Fall of Biomolecules In Health And Disease     By Biochemistry Gurus

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This Photo  by Unknown Author is licensed under  CC BY-NC

A Sneak Peek into the wonderful world of Clinical Biochemistry  A Curtain Riser

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This is the first one of a series of presentations for medical laboratory professionals by medical laboratory professionals Each of these would focus on a particular test  It seeks to serve as an educational aid This one starts as a simple poem about a commonly performed test in clinical biochemistry. Through this the listener will be able to understand important basic facts regarding the test and it’s clinical significance

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I’m a water miscible compound I have a fruity smell, I accumulate in severe diabetes  And in prolonged starvation as well I answer the  Rothera’s  test With a permanganate coloured ring I’ve a carbonyl group in the centre Flanked by methyl groups like wings.

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Identify this molecule  and the atoms red, black and grey

What is Acetone? - Structure, Uses &amp; Formula - Video &amp; Lesson Transcript |  Study.com

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The molecule is acetone. The red one is oxygen, the black atoms are carbon and the grey ones are hydrogen

About Acetone – History, Properties, Production &amp; Uses - WorldOfChemicals

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Acetone is a ketone body. There are three of these.. Aceto-acetate and  betahydroxy  butyrate and acetone are ketone bodies

They are water soluble Acetone has a typical fruity odour Patients with uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus have high levels of ketone bodies in the blood and urine.  This condition is called Ketosis  The smell of acetone can be felt in the breath in this condition  They also rise in prolonged starvation … but levels are much higher in uncontrolled DM

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Gerhardt’s Test for Aceto-acetate –The primary ketone body

Add 10% ferric chloride drop by drop into 5 ml of urine in a test-tube If aceto-acetate is present a port wine or Bordeaux red colour is formed A common interfering substance is salicylate.  On boiling the colour disappears if aceto-acetate is present due to conversion into acetone If the colour is due to salicylates it persists… then it is a false positive test for acetoacetate  Not a sensitive test as it requires about 25-50 mg/dl of acetoacetate.

Gerhardt's Test For Ketone Bodies: Principle, Procedure and Interpretation

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Test for ketone bodies commonly used in hospitals and labs: Multiple tests and single test shown below

Urinalysis Test Strip Color Chart | LEARN.PARALLAX.COM

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Aceto-acetate, Beta-hydroxy butyrate (3hydroxy butyrate) ad acetone are collectively called ketone bodies They accumulate in severe uncontrolled DM and to a lesser extent in starvation   The condition is called KETOSIS They can be detected in urine to aid in the diagnosis of these conditions There are simple tests to detect these- Rothera’s  test for acetone, Gerhardt’s test  fpr  aceto-acetate They can be easily detected using commercially available dip-sticks.

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Thank you for you patient listening Looking forward to seeing you again in our next session of  The School of Medical Laboratory Sciences .

Clinical Biochemistry Unravelled The Rhyme and Reason of Biomolecules In Health And Disease

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