Chess Mathematical Approach ---Murali Kathi

Chess Mathematical Approach Murali Kathi. Best Quote If we invest on something along with time. Time will return the something in exponentially. ……………Known to all but none of us follows.

Course Content. Introduction to Chess Game Overview and Objective of Chess Chess Board and Material Material Equality and Initial Position of the Game Naming Conventions and Notation Rules and Moves Mathematics in Chess Game Structure Types of Openings Middle Game plan End Game Strategy Tournament Rules Blindfold Techniques and Rapid Chess.

Introduction to Chess. Chess is originated in India during 6th century A.D Persians developed the modern game In 19th century, modern tournament play began First world Chess championship was held in 1886 Karpov became World Champion from 1975 to 1985 Kasparov became World Champion from 1985 to 1993 Nigel Short became World Champion from 1993 to 2005 Kramnik became World Champion from 2006 to 2007 Anand became World Champion from 2007 to 2013 Carlsen is present World Champion since 2013.

Overview & Objective. Overview Chess is a two player mind game Series of ideas can be applied in a systematic order Develops focused thought process Understands opponent mindset Thinking about one issue in different angles Objective Building a connected thought process Developing a strategical ideas Mathematical game plan Continuous thinking Winning by sacrifice Acceptability for the defeat Fighting till end.

Chess Board and Material. Total 64 squares in Chess board 32 White and 32 Black squares Material King ( K ) - 1 Queen ( Q ) - 1 Knight ( N ) - 2 Bishop ( B ) - 2 Rook ( R ) - 2 Pawn - 8 Both players have equal material at start of the game Each player holds 16 powers including pawns Board position: Right-hand bottom side square should be white.

Naming Convention and Notation. Chess is a game for two players, once uses chessmen of light colour while other are usually black The board is a square divided into 64 smaller alternative black and white squares The vertical rows of squares called files are lettered from left to right The horizontal rows squares are called ranks and numbered from top to bottom.

Naming Convention and Notation……. Files are represented by the alphabets starting from a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h Ranks are represented by numbers starting from 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7 and 8 The slanting rows of squares are called diagonals, are represented by their end squares Smallest diagonal contains two squares(h1-g2), longest diagonal contains 8 squares(h1-a8) If King side white pawn moves two steps, it’s notation is e4 If Queen side black pawn moves two steps, it’s notation is e5 If Rook moves to h8, it’s notation is Rh8 If Knight moves to e7, it’s notation is Ne7 If Bishop captures enemy’s Knight, it’s notation is Bb5*Nc6.

Material Equality and Initial Position. The pieces and Pawns as a whole are called material, when game starts the two sides have material equality The aim of the game is to capture the opposing King. This is called checkmate the King The Queen and Rooks are major pieces The Bishops and Knights are minor pieces The distribution of the chessmen on the board at any given time is called a position or situation. At the initial position, white occupies the first and second ranks, black occupies the seventh and eighth ranks. The board should be placed such a way that there is a white corner square on each player’s right-hand side(h1 for White and a8 for Black) At the initial position, White Queen on a white square(d1) and Black’s Queen on black square(d8). The left half of the Chess board (from a to d) is called the Q-side and right half(from e to h) the K-side The four midboard squares (d4, d5, e4, e5) are called the Centre. This is very important area of the board..

Rules and Moves. Pawn Always move forward direction no backwards While capturing opponent piece, it moves cross/diagonal direction If Pawn reaches to opposite end square, it can become Queen/Bishop/Rook/Knight King Always moves in one step in any direction Queen Can move in all directions, front/back/diagonal/vertical/horizontal Bishop Can move only in diagonal Knight Moves in L-Shape but overall 3 steps, if Knight is on black square, after the move it lands on white square. Knight is only piece which can leap over the other pieces. Rook Moves horizontally and vertically.

Rules and Moves…. Pawn/Bishop/Knight/Rook/Queen/King.

Rules and Moves…. Initial Position. MathScienCenter®, Copyright 2020, All Rights Reserved.

Mathematics in Chess. MathScienCenter®, Copyright 2020, All Rights Reserved.

Game Structure. Types of Openings/Defence King Pawn Opening Queen Pawn Opening Sokolsky Opening Sicilian Defence Middle Game Control over the centre squares Attacking by sacrifice Clearing all the material if there is a Pawn advantage Applying threat End Game Winning with help of Pawn Promotion Winning with help of available material combinations.

Tournament Rules. Pawn Promotion: If Pawn reaches to open’s end square, it becomes Queen/Knight/Bishop/Rook En Passant: If opponent’s Pawan is waiting to capture, Pawn can be moved two steps but opponent can capture the Pawn Castling: It is special step to place King in safe position. King Side or Queen side castling can be accepted. Conditions are King and Rook must not be moved from start of the game Touch-to-Move: If any of piece is touched, it has to be moved as a next move Check: Opponent is attacking the King, King has to be moved or protected with other piece Checkmate: If no move for King with check, game is up Stalemate: If no move for King without check, game can be treated as draw 3 fold –repetition rule: If 3 forced repeated moves, game can be treated as draw 50-move Draw: If no capture and no pawn move for 50 moves, game can be treated as draw.

Blindfold Techniques and Rapid Chess. Memorize the all 64 squares in the board Write down the regular game on paper Practice the game without seeing the board Think the positions of the various powers Rapid Chess need quick moves Need to practice fast thinking Time is important factor in the Rapid Chess Clear the material in the rapid Chess as quickly as possible Sacrifice the material in the Rapid Chess which puts opponent in defence If any material advantage, exchange powers quickly.

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