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. Polar and Non-polar Bonds.
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What is Polar molecule?. A Polar Covalent Bond is unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms Polar bonds are form when there is a difference between the electronegativity values of the atoms participating in a bond Electron density is distributed asymmetrically throughout the molecule.
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What is Non Polar molecule?. A Polar covalent is EQUAL sharing of electrons between two atoms Polar bonds are form when there is a similar the electronegativity values of the atoms participating in a bond. Electron density is distributed symmetrically within the molecule.
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The type of bond can be determined from electronegativity difference between combining atoms. Electronegativity difference is obtained by the electronegativity values of elements obtained from the periodic table..
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Classification of Bonds. You can determine the type of bond between two atoms by calculating the difference in electronegativity values between the elements The bigger the electronegativity difference the more polar the bond..
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Example: What type of bond is HCl ? (H = 2.1, Cl = 3.1) Difference = 3.1 – 2.1 = 1.0 Therefore it is polar covalent bond. Practice Problem: 1. N(3.0) and H(2.1) Difference= 3.0 – 2.1 = 0.9 Therefore it is polar covalent bond. 2. Al(1.5) and Cl(3.0) = Difference= 3.0 – 1.5 = 1.5 Therefore it is polar covalent bond. 3. Mg(1.2) and O(3.5) = Difference= 3.5 – 1.2 = 2.3 Therefore it is ionic bond. 4. H(2.1) and F(4.0) = Difference= 4.0 – 2.1 = 1.9 Therefore it is polar covalent bond. 5. H(2.1) and H(2.1) = Difference= 2.1 – 2.1 =0 Therefore it is nonpolar covalent bond..