Automatic Fare Collection in Metro System using QR Code

[Audio] Good morning everyone. Today we will be discussing Automatic Fare Collection in Metro Systems using QR Codes, a technology developed by Densa-Wave, a Toyota subsidiary. QR codes are gaining traction in helping to simplify and streamline the process of fare collection. We will examine the advantages of this cutting-edge technology and talk about how it can be implemented in metro systems..

[Audio] QR Codes are revolutionizing the payment process for public transportation. Referred to as Quick Response Codes, these two-dimensional barcodes can store and transmit text, images, and hyperlinks. Developed by Densa-Wave, a subsidiary of Toyota, customers can now use their phones to scan the QR Codes and make their payment quickly and securely without the need for cash or cards. This makes QR Codes an ideal solution for payment of public transit fares..

[Audio] The third slide focuses on Automatic Fare Collection in Metro Systems using a QR Code. This system consists of various components, which include version information, separators, timing patterns, format information, data and error correction, a quiet zone and an alignment pattern. These elements work cooperatively to guarantee a secure and smooth fare collection..

[Audio] The new QR Ticketing system aims to revolutionize urban transport with a convenient, secure, and user-friendly ticketing system. By utilizing QR codes, this system would make multiple payment methods available while also aiding in tracking passenger activity. Such a system would increase the travel efficiency of customers while providing a more detailed look into passenger behavior. Ultimately, this system could be the path to a more modernized affair in terms of urban transportation..

[Audio] The Automatic Fare Collection System (AFC) facilitates fast and efficient payment for public transport, using QR Codes scanned for authorization. Data such as Grams per Square Meter (GSM) and the Public Transport Operator (PTO) are also stored for each passenger, and an Error Correction Code is implemented to avoid any discrepancies. The Ticket Office Machine is employed to regulate entry and exit of passengers, with the various components working together to ensure a reliable, secure and proficient transport system..

[Audio] The QR Code Dataset described in this specification has some key definitions. This includes the presence and type of certain data elements, such as mandatory, optional, or conditional. Mandatory data elements must be present, while optional ones are not required. On the other hand, conditional data elements are only present when a certain condition is met..

[Audio] Slide number 7 of our presentation focuses on Automatic Fare Collection in Metro System using QR Code. We are discussing the requester ID and Operator ID. The requester ID indicates the unique ID of an operator or Public Transit Organization. IDs can be provided by a centralized controlling authority or retained by the Ticketing System implementer in agreement with the PTOs. Operator ID is not necessary, but must be included if a certain condition is fulfilled..

[Audio] QR codes have enabled automatic fare collection in metro to become increasingly popular. The QR Code Dataset hierarchical data structure is detailed in the diagram below, helping to create a unified network of fare collection systems for improved efficiency and security..

QR Code Dataset Diagram – II.

Big- endian Versus Little Endian.

[Audio] QR codes have become an essential part of modern life, making purchasing tickets for a metro system much easier. Automatic Fare Collection allows users to purchase tickets by simply scanning a QR Code. The table outlines the various types of tickets available in the system, including standard tickets, Senior Citizen Pass, Student Pass, Daily Pass, and Monthly Pass. These tickets are tailored to the different user types, providing a practical and convenient way to quickly access the metro system with minimal hassle..

[Audio] Technology under discussion is an Automatic Fare Collection System that uses QR Codes. Table illustrates a variety of options with the first to ninth Product ID's covering various validities and restrictions for tickets and passes relating to Saturdays and Sundays, Armed Forces Personnel, people with disabilities, single journey discounted fares or multiple trips. Thirteenth to one hundredth Product ID's are kept for future use. One hundred and first to two hundred and fifty-fifth Product ID's are available to use if PTO wishes..

[Audio] QR Codes are being used for Automatic Fare Collection in Metro Systems to make payments for transit services easier and more convenient. This system supports various services such as regular or express metro lines, city buses, intercity buses, local train services, sleeper class, AC 2-tier, AC 3-tier, first-class, chair-car, and rapid rail. It has been designed to make transportation more efficient and accessible for all users..

[Audio] QR codes are a powerful tool for automating fare collection in metro systems. The specification for QR Ticketing System requires utilizing a binary mode encoding technique. The outlined table in this slide shows all modes of encoding that QR codes are able to support. As of now, only binary mode is allowed for use in this system. Via this technique, QR codes serve as an efficient and secure method for accessing the metro system..

Ticket Request JSON files:. Sample 2x3_QR Ticket.

Sample 1x1_QR Ticket with Personalized Info.

Sample 1x1_QR Group Ticket with Personalized Info of 2 members.

[Audio] I'd like to talk about SecureQR Alpha; a security scheme for QR ticketing systems. It has three layers: Plaintext Level 0, Level 3 and SecureQR Alpha. Our SecureQR system is designed to offer the highest level of security for QR codes. SecureQR Alpha ensures your QR codes are secure and safe..

Phases of SecureQR - Alpha. SecureQR - Alpha Component- Attribute Model.

Creating a QR- friendly payload. Example text ( 34 bytes).

SecureQR - Alpha Algorithm Design. Ticket Generation :.

Ticket Validation Flowchart :.

[Audio] Technology advancements have allowed us to create more efficient methods of fare collection for metro systems. QR code-based ticketing is making the process even simpler. Passengers can use QR codes to make ticket requests and receive a valid JSON file confirming the transaction. This automated process significantly lowers the time it takes to get tickets, thus making their journey more convenient..

[Audio] Today we are going to discuss about Automatic Fare Collection in Metro System using QR code. QR codes are a unique, optically recognizable pattern that can be used to store and share data. In this system, each QR code is assigned a unique identifier which is 8 bytes long. The first 4 bytes denote the date of ticket generation and the remaining 4 bytes represent a sequence number. This sequence number has a wide range, extending up to a whopping 1073741823. With such a large range, there is no need to reset the number and it can be stored in persistent storage..

[Audio] QR ticketing system for metro systems is made up of several logical entities that work together to make the system secure and efficient. The entities are the customers, the transit operator, the ticket validator and the ticket issuers. Each entity has its own set of responsibilities which contribute to the overall functioning of the system. Customers use the ticket to enter and exit the metro. The transit operator is responsible for the overall management of the system and ensuring secure transactions. The ticket validator checks the tickets and scans the QR code to verify its authenticity. Finally, the ticket issuers are responsible for printing the tickets and for providing the customers with the necessary information on the validity of the ticket. All these entities work together to create a secure and efficient ticketing system..

[Audio] QR Code presentation in Automatic Fare Collection System is transforming the approach commuters access public transport. By incorporating QR codes in the process, users can immediately and effortlessly avail their transport, while operators can keep an eye on their clients. This system also assists in reducing waiting times and enhancing security for both operators and users. In this system, users interact with a mobile or web app to avail of QR ticketing, while the ticket generator, a sophisticated component of the system, creates the ticket securely with multiple inputs. In conclusion, this system offers an efficient and guarded procedure for operators and commuters..

[Audio] The modern cities' Metro systems require rapid and smooth travel for citizens and visitors. To address this necessity, Automatic Fare Collection system employing QR codes is a dependable and secure solution. This system is based on a Policy Database which is the central storage of information connected to payments, security, fare tables, etc. It is closely linked to the Ticket Generator and protected from unauthorized access. Public Transport Operators are able to configure the parameters and verify the legitimacy of tickets, and also provide discounts for special days as well as blacklisting malicious users. In conclusion, Automatic Fare Collection using QR codes is an efficient and secure way to quickly and comfortably transfer people on Metro systems..

[Audio] The use of QR Codes for an automatic fare collection system in the metro has revolutionized how commuters interact with the transit system. It provides each ticket with uniqueness and security, removing the need for paper tickets or tokens. Three components make up the system; the ticket authorizer/validator, the AFC System and the Ticket Generator. The validator does the security validation, while the AFC System updates all the transit data onto the system. The Ticket Generator communicates with the AFC System, providing it information concerning newly procured QR codes. Communication between validator and TG is conducted securely via a TCP channel such as SSL or TLS, employing standard protocols like HTTPS, SFTP, SCP and TCP/IP Sockets..

[Audio] QR codes provide an efficient way for metro systems to implement an automatic fare collection system. In a single operator architecture, the QR code is generated by the application provider and read by ticketing gates from the same provider. In a multi-operator architecture, multiple application providers generate the QR code for customers, which can then be read by multiple ticketing gateway providers. Both architectures offer high levels of security, allowing customers to purchase tickets securely while providing operators with insights into customer behaviour. By using a mobile or webclient app and app provider, metro systems can benefit from a more efficient fare collection system with the use of QR codes, making it easier and faster for customers to pay for tickets..

[Audio] The Automatic Fare Collection system for the Metro System using QR codes is designed to make traveling easier and more efficient. It consists of a single centralized ticket gate, single operator, single policy database, and a single premise for the AFC system, with an AFC database, validating terminals, and a ticket office machine. Additionally, there is a single mobile or web-client app provider. This system not only provides travelers with an increased level of convenience, but also allows for the quick and efficient implementation of policies, thus ensuring that the Metro System is running smoothly and efficiently..

[Audio] The Multi-TG Multi-Operator Architecture is the ultimate way to enable a seamless QR Ticketing Solution. This allows users to purchase and avail services from multiple operators with just a single QR code. With this system, each operator has dedicated dedicated ticket Generators, associated with it, facilitating transaction processing for the particular operator. This System also simplifies the ticket validation process, while enabling its users to access services via multiple mobile applications and web-clients that are available in the market. This state-of-the-art system ensures users get a hassle-free, secure and efficient ticket booking experience..

Mobile APPI APP ID 15 Payment Service Provider (UPI, RuPay, Wallets, NetBanking) TG ID 54 Mobile APP2 APP ID 36 Payment Service Provider (UPI, RuPay, Wallets, NetBanking) Paper QR Request TOM (Ticket Window) p TO I TG ID 23 Ticket Generator 1 AFC S stem Policy DB TOM (Ticket Window) p T02 AFC S stem AFC DB Validating Terminal AFC DB Validating Terminal PTO ID 10 Ticket Generator 2 TOM (Ticket Window) PT03 Policy DB AFC System AFC DB PTO ID 135 Validating Terminal PTO ID 45.

[Audio] QR codes can make travelling by metro easier. An Automatic Fare Collection System using QR codes allows users to get tickets through their mobile app. This system works with a Ticket Generator policy database that verifies the digital signature with the Requester ID and the Public Key. This way, it denies requests due to invalid routes or unauthorised users, as well as providing route and station information to the Public Transport Operator, allowing easy and secure travel..

Route Info Response JSON from TG for Operator ID 135.

Fetch All Stations Request JSON for Route 8011 – Operator ID 135.

Route Response with Stations JSON from TG for Operator ID 135.

Fetch All Stations Request JSON Operator ID 10.

Route Response with Stations JSON from TG for Operator ID 10.

Fetch Fare Request JSON by APP for Operator ID 10 & Operator ID 135.

Fetch Fare Details. Fetch Fare Details Workflow.

[Audio] Using the Automatic Fare Collection System with QR Code simplifies the payment process for customers, allowing them to pay with a few taps. The system sends the payment details to the Payment Service Provider, which then processes the funds to be directly deducted from the user's bank account, wallet, or any other form of payment supported by the Payment Service Provider..

[Audio] The Automatic Fare Collection System in Metro System using QR Code enables customers to make fast and secure payments at public transport stations and terminals. This system provides customers with multiple payment options, including Merchant ld, Merchant Country, Merchant Currency, Operating Mode, Payment Mode, Access Medium, and Other Details. Furthermore, Multiaccount Payment Details such as App Provider MDR Account and Merchant Order Amount are also available, thus allowing customers to make payments conveniently and securely..

[Audio] The Automatic Fare Collection system featuring QR codes provides customers with an efficient and secure payment experience when selecting the source and destination stations, date and time of travel, and payment method. The Ticket Generator will respond with the ticket fares after each selection. Following the entry of payment details, customers will receive a successful payment transaction reference number stored by the Payment Service Provider. The AFC System will then process the request, validate the ticket and the Payment Transaction Reference Number with the AFC Database and the Policy Database. Finally, the Validating Terminal will authenticate the PTO ID, allowing customers to use the ticket for their journey..

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[Audio] Automatic Fare Collection is specific to a Public Transport Operator, thus creating an interface between AFC and PTO. This section examines the transaction system related to 'Purchase QR'. TG divides the ticket into different parts and writes them in separate files. These files are sent to the respective Public Transport Operators at least every two minutes..

[Audio] Automatic Fare Collection in Metro System using QR Code is a cost-effective and reliable form of fare collection. This system utilizes a QR Code and an integrated ticket generator to make transactions quickly and reliably. It will also employ a timer to send files and spawn as many senders as necessary to generate a transaction request for the AFC payload. Then, every transaction will be acknowledged and the files will be moved to either the acked or failed folder..

[Audio] The figure illustrates the automation of scanning and validating tickets using a watchdog with the APP-Validator Interface – Scanner and Validation Terminal. This provides an effective and trustworthy way of tracking and keeping tabs on fares. It also enables passengers to conveniently and safely pay their fares, as well as lessening the cost of administering the metro system..

[Audio] The Automatic Fare Collection system has a direct mode in which the scanning application is programmed to transfer the scanned data to a validator through an API call, thus eliminating the need to move the data to a physical folder location, like in the watchdog mode. This allows for quicker fare collection and a more effective use of resources..

[Audio] QR ticketing systems have revolutionized the way people travel on metro systems. This system enables quick verification and validation of customer tickets at validating terminals, using a hybrid of online and offline components. After successful verification of the QR code, which contains an authentic digital signature, the ticket can be considered valid. The transaction status must also be updated in the AFC systems at specified intervals, to provide tallies with tickets purchased. Entry transactions will have a transaction amount of zero, while exit transactions will record the amount of people allowed in a ticket..

[Audio] Recent advancements in technology have allowed us to explore new possibilities for ticketing, independent from traditional systems. I am pleased to introduce a new system called the Automatic Fare Collection in metro system using QR codes. It makes use of a unique transaction code for each payment mode, resulting in an efficient and secure transaction process. The table alongside displays all seven bits of data available for each QR type, including transaction type, value, and usage. This Automatic Fare Collection system is beneficial to passengers in the metro system as it allows them to quickly and securely purchase tickets and verify their entries and exits. Additionally, it is advantageous to inspectors, as it helps them check if QR tickets are valid. I would like to thank you for your time and attention..