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. . GROUP PRESENTATION: WORKING VIRTUALLY WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY HOFSTEDE'S SIX DIMENSIONS? EXPLAIN EACH DIMENSION AND HOW THEY CAN ADAPT TO INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS NEGOTIATION Submitted By Faiz Imtiaz - ID: 4025768 Manas Bikas Das - 11): 4029066 Elyorbek Sulaymonov- ID : 4027758 Obidkhon Nosirov- ID : 4028298 ID : 4026249.

. . TABLE OF CONTENTS • Introduction Background/Overview of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory Hofstede's Six Cultural Dimensions Power Distance Index (POI) • Individualism versus Collectivism (Independently or Interdependently) MasculiniW versus FemininW (Assertiveness and Nature Society) Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) Long versus Short Term Orientation (pragmatic Versus Normative) • Indulgence versus Restraint Conclusion References.

. . INTRODUCTION The presentation will focus on analysing and understanding the aspects concerning Hofstede's cultural dimensions. The presentation will focus on the aspects that support the development of the intercultural business industries. The presentation will focus on identifying the factore that can help to adapt to intercultural business negotiations. The report will explain each dimension of Hofstede's cultural dimensions to develop a better understanding of intercultural negotiations..

. . BACKGROUND/OVERVIEW OF HOFSTEDE'S CULTURAL • DIMENSIONS THEORY The cultural dimension theory was developed by the researcher Geert Hofstede in the year 1980. It refers to a conceptual framework that assists in identifying the differences between the cultures globally (Caputo, et al., 2019). The theory helps to analyse the effects of a society's culture on the values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours based on the geographic locations of the individuals. Each dimension of the theory differs from the other and hence highlights the communication noise barriers (factors of the cultural conflict). HALLO CIAO OLÅ.

. . HOFSTEDE'S SIX CULTURAL DIMENSIONS • • • • Power Distance Index (PDI) Individualism versus Collectivisms Masculinity versus Femininity Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) Long versus Short Term Orientation Indulgence versus Restraint time orientmim masculirty - femininity power distarre Hofstede's dimensions of cultural differences uncertainty avoidance indivuafsrn- collectivism.

. . POWER DISTANCE INDEX (PDI) High Power Distance Culture Masses accept unequal power distribution among society (Vasile, 2016). The junior to senior superiority and obedience is followed and expected. Discrimination is prevalent in almost every sector. Autocratic leadership is seen in this of pwer distribution. For example, High power distance cultures can seen in China, India, Malaysia, and Arab countries. Low Power Distance Culture Masses can sen complaining about the unequal pwer distribution among the society. Juniors and seniors res*t each other power distance People can against discrimina ising their voices asile, 2016). A democratic political and organisational leadership can seen in this tY'F of pwer distance culture. For example, Low pwer distance cultures can be seen in the countries such as the I-JK, Germany, Austria, and New Zealand. high low.

. . INDIVIDUALISM VERSUS COLLECTIVISM (INDEPENDENTLY OR INTERDEPENDENTLY) Individualistic Culture People tend to work alone People can be seen fostering achievements. Tasks control the relationships personal • • • I-conscious people can be found in society (Dinkevych, et al., 2017). For example, it can be mainly seen in the countries such as the US, Australia, Canada, and the I-JK. Collectivistic Culture People tend to work in groups and teams People foster group achievements. The relatio revail overthe tasks We-consciou p ople can be found in society (Dinkevych, et al., 2017). individualism For example, it can be mainly seen in the countries such as South Korea, China, Indonesia, and Pakistan. collectivism.

. . MASCULINITY VERSUS FEMININITY (ASSERTIVENESS AND NATURE SOCIETY) Masculinity People focus on material success success and dorm tasls and People are found to be more competitive in this type of society (Nguyen, et al. , 2016). For example, tte countries such as Japan, Austria, and China highlight a specific types of gender roles. • • • Femininity Denotes nurturing cultuxe in the society. The of fæus more on the relationships and quality of life. People can found to be ccnperati'E, modest, nurtuxed and caring to others (Nguyen, et al. , 2016). For example, the countries such as Denmark, Firdand, Nonvay and Neåerland can be seen to reflect flexible gender roles..

. . UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE INDEX (UAI) High Uncertainty Avoidance People follow rules and regulations to avoid undesirable moments. Folloring routines and planning a trait for preventing u 'table moments. People are more taditionalistic, stuctured and stiff. For example, Græce, Belgium, Portugal and Japan. • • Low Uncertainty Avoidance People are comfortable with tmdesirable moments. People can be sen mahng spontaneous decisions. Relaæd and who are bold to encounter unpredictable and uncertain moments. For example, Singapore, Hongkong, Jamaica, Sweden and Denmark..

. . LONG VERSUS SHORT TERM ORIENTATION (PRAGMATIC VERSUS NORMATIVE) Long Term Orientation People can be sæn to be focused more on the future than the past. People can be seen spending more time on achieving long-term results (Ivlinlov, et al.,2017). Modest, careful and practical For exarnple, Bpan, China, and South Korea. • Short Term Orientation People focus more on tlw past and the present than the futur. People enjoy curænt situations regardless of their future Spiritual, nati For example, Nigeria, the US, Norvvay, Ghana and the Philippines..

. . INDULGENCE VERSUS RESTRAINT Indulgence Perception of contml over the personal life Freedom of speech is seen to important High impc. Eis given to leisue Maintaining order is not given a high priority (Saorin and Cubillo, 2016). For example, Mexico, Germany, Nigeria, Australia, Canada and Argentina. • • Restraint A perception of limited control the personal life (helplessness) Freedom of speech is not a priority Lower importance to leisure High importance is gi'æn to maintaining order (Saorin and Cubillo, 2016). For example, Pakistan, Russia, China, Ukraine and Egypt..