6.Medication Metrics –Dosage calculation

[Audio] 6.Medication Metrics –Dosage calculation.

[Audio] Objectives of this Module Learners can be able to understand and practice; Basic Metrics for drug calculations Factors determining medication Dosage.

[Audio] Introduction There are many different units in medicine. For example: Drug strengths : Digoxin injection 500 microgram in 1ml Dosages : Dobutamine 3 micrograms/kg/min It is therefore important to have a basic knowledge of the units used in medicine and how they are derived. It is particularly important to have an understanding of the units in which drugs can be prescribed.

[Audio] Nursing Tips S I .(International System Of Units )units is the standard way in which weights and volumes are described Always put a 0 before a decimal point for example 0.4 not .4 Micrograms Nanograms and units should always be written in full..

[Audio] Medication Dosing – Metric system abbreviation Cubic centimeter = cc Milliliter = ml Milligram = mg Microgram = mcg Gram =G or Gm International Unit = IU Milliequivalent = mEq (concentration of electrolytes that are often expressed as mEq per liter) Nursing Tips: Note: CC = ml mg ≠ ml.

[Audio] Basic metrics. Basic metrics. [image] Equivalences of weight Unit 1 kilogram 1 gram 1 milligram 1 microgram 1 nanogram Symbol kg mg mcg Equivalent 1000 grams 1000 milligrams 1000 micrograms 1000 nanograms 1000 picograms.

[Audio] Basic metrics. Basic metrics. [image] Equivalences of volume Unit 1 litre Symbol Equivalent 1 OOO millilitres Equivalences of amount of substance Unit 1 mole 1 millimole Symbol mol mmol Equivalent 1000 millimoles 1000 micromoles Symbol ml Symbol mmol micromoles.

[Audio] Household/Metric Equivalents Household Abbreviation Metric 1 Ounce oz 30 mL 1 Tablespoon tbsp 15 mL 1 Teaspoon tsp 5 mL 1 Drop gtt 1 mL.

[Audio] Converting from one unit to another To convert from a larger unit to a smaller unit multiply by 1000 Example: convert kg into gms 1 kilograms * 1000 = 1000gms To convert from a smaller unit to a larger unit divide by 1000 Example : convert 1000 milligrams to gms 1000 milligrams / 1000 = 1gm.

[Audio] Video link https://youtu.be/tbMl1ek_Kos?si=HRPjEOJZJOFzoaZc.

[Audio] Knowledge check 1 Questions : Convert 2gm into mg Conver 1.6 gm into mg Convert 2.6 milligrams into gm Convert 100 mcg to mg.

[Audio] Ratio Calculations This is only used for measuring the concentration of drugs such as adrenaline (epinephrine) or tuberculin. It is stated as 1 in 100 1 in 10 000 et cetera One in something concentrations means grams in mls I.e. 1 in 100 means 1 grams in 100ml 1 in 1000 means 1 grams in 1000ml 1 in 10 000 means 1 grams in 10 000ml E.g. give 1 milligrams of adrenaline (epinephrine) using 1 in 10 000 injection 1 in 10 000 = 1 grams in 10 000ml = 1000 milligrams in 10 000ml Volume needed = what you want x what it is in What you've got = 1 x 10 000ml 1000 = 10ml.

[Audio] Medication dosage The dose is the amount of drug taken at any one time. Metric system is used for medication dosing This can be expressed as: the weight of drug (for example 250 milligrams) volume of drug solution (for example 10 mL 2 drops) the number of dosage forms (for example 1 capsule 1 suppository) or some other quantity (for example 2 puffs)..

[Audio] Dosage is based on the individual’s: Age Weight Gender Ethnicity Liver and kidney function Smoking status Other medications.

[Audio] Dosage and frequency are determined by: Time of absorption how long it takes for drug to get into the body. Duration of action how long it will take to be effective. Rate of elimination how long it takes to eliminate from the body..

[Audio] Always remember !!! never change or alter dosage of a medication without a written order from a physician or other authorized practitioners. When in doubt about a medication or dosage call a physician for advice..

[Audio] Thank you Next module is dosage calculation – solid medications.